US350562A - Furnace - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

H. ROSICKE.

SMOKE QONSUMING FURNACE.

No.350f56'2. Patented Oct. 12,, 1886.

N. P'E'rzns. Photo-Lithograph, wuhin mn, 0.0.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

' H. ROSIOKE.

' SMOKE OONSUMING. FIiIRlMJJL.

No. 350,562; Patented Oct. 12, 1886.

FIG.3.

I i \%l a a Sheet 3. 7

(No Model.)

3 Sheets H. 'R'USIGKE. SMOKE OONSUMING FURNACE" No. 350.562. Patented Oct. 12, 1886.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HERMANN nosIoKE, or BERLIN, GERMANY.

SMOKEQCONSUMING FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 350,562, dated October 12, 1886.

Application filed February 17, 1886. Serial No. 192,280. (No model.) Patented in Germany October 10, 1885, No. 35,444, and February 12, 1886, No. 36,619, and in England February 1, 1886, No. 1,436.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HERMANN RosIcKE, of the city .of Berlin, in the Kingdom of Prussia, and German Empire, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Smoke-Cousuming Furnaces, (for which a patent was applied for'in Germany on the th of October, 1885,) and of which I declare the following to be a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in smokeless or smoke-consuming furnaces for obtaining a reduction of the smoke caused by imperfect combustion.

It is a well-known fact that when a furnace is in. operation and a charge of fresh coal is spread over the surface of the fire a considerable loss of heat and extensive formation of smoke is created, the cause of which is that the production of gas from the fresh charge of coal is excessive and a quantity of fresh hot air sufficient to produce the consumption of the said gases cannot be introduced; consequently in a rationally constructed furnace the gas contained in thecoal must be gradually given free. It is furthermore wellknown that when a thin loose layer of coal in an advancedstage of combustion is spread over the grate the same will allow a much larger quantity of cold air to pass through than is necessary for an energetic consumption; consequently a very large quantity of heat is lost, thusmaking it necessary to limit the supply of fresh air to the grate. Careful study and numerous experiments to avoid these disadvantages led, eventually, to the invention of the improved furnace, represented in the accompanying drawings, the object of which is to produce a rational utilization of the fuel, and thus reduce the amount of smoke produced to a minimum. The ash-pit beneath the furnace-grate is so divided into compartments by means of suitable partitions that the air-supply to the different parts of the grate is isolated and made adjustable. The furnacedoor is so arranged that air can be admitted direct to the tire, thus allowing an upper airsupply above the fine.

Ot'the various furnace constructions to which my improvements can be applied I have 50 forinstance, in Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings-shown the application of the same be regulated at will.

to a Cornwall boiler, whereby a grate is divided into two parts only, and with both airsupplies from the front of the boiler, so that the same can be readily regulated. A small space in the lower part of the ash-pit is so separated off by a horizontal plate that the same serves as an air-supply canal for the-rear part of the grate. The vertical partition in the ash-pit is composed of asuitable flap, which can be raised and held up, so as to enable the ashes to be removed. The regulating device for the airsupply to the front and rear part of the grate consists of a flap door'provided with suitable regulating devices, thedoor to the front part of the grate, for instance, being operated by means of a screw, and the door to the rear bya suitable rack or toothed rod. The air-supply through the furnace-door is regulated by means of an appropriate screw. Fig. 2 rep- 7o resents my invention applied to a similar boiler, and also with the grate divided only into two compartments, the-one air-supply being arranged at the front, the other at the rear end of the boiler, the latter beingformed of an iron tube or pipe running through the 'consumption-chamber to the exterior of the boiler, where the said tube or pipe is provided with a suitable flap.

Figs. 3 and 4 represent my invention in its application to a boiler with lower or forward furnace, one air-supply being from the forward end of the boiler, the other from the side, and formed by means of a canal in the masonry, to the port of which asuitable regulatingslide is arranged. This furnace is constructed for periodical stoking, and is out off automatically on opening the furnace door'by means of a suitable flap or damper arranged in the smoke line, which is automatically opened as soon as the furnace-door is closed. The space left free by the .damper or flap can One. of the various arrangements on this system, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, consists in conneccting the furnacedoor with the lever of the flap or damper by means of a chain, wire, and suitable pulleys.

Fig. l is a longitudinal section through the furnace of a Cornwall boiler with my improvements. Fig. 2 is a like section with modified arrangement of the air-feed to the rear part of the grate. Fig. 3 is the longitudinal section of a boiler with the furnace located beneath the same and lateral air-supply. Fig. 4; is a part horizontal section of Fig. 3.

The grate, as represented in Fig. 1, is composed of two parts, of'which the forward part, it, receives its supply of air from the space or compartment 1), which can be partly or en tirely closed, so as to vary or cut off the airfeed by means of an adjustable door, a, arranged to turn around thehinge c'. The rear part, it, of the grate receives its supply of air from the space or compartment 0, which is supplied with air through the canal f,running through the lower part of the compartment or chambers b c, and being separated. from the same by a plate, 9. The chambers or compa-rtments I; a are separated from each other by means of an iron flap, 71, which moves around the hinge or point i, and can be raised by means of the rod 7.", in order to allow the ashes to be removed from the compartment or chamber a. The forward opening or port of the canal. f provided with an adjustable flap, Z, so to be able to regulate the air-feed beneath the grate d, and for a like purpose the furnace-door is made adjustable, so as to regulate the air-supply to the space in. The air-supply to the forward part, a, of the grate, Fig. 2, is regulated in like manner as above described; but the lower canal,nnder the compartments b and e, is replaced by an air-canal from the rear end of the furnace, consisting of an iron tube or pipe, 0, or a suitable canal leading into the chamber or compartment 0. The air-inlet port is provided with an adj ustable :tlap for regulating the airsuppl y, and in employing this system the advantageattained is that the air supplied to the grate is forewarmed or heated before coming in contact with the fuel, as the pipe or canal 0 runs for almost its entire length through the firecanal.

In the modification represented in Figs. 3 and 41, where the furnace is located beneath, the boiler, the air is fed to the rear grate by means of a lateral canal, q, arranged in the masonry and leading immediately into the chamber or compartment 0. The opening in the masonry or the inlet-port is provided with a regulating-slide, 9', which can, however, be replaced by a flap of like construction as mentioned above, or other suitable appliance. In order to prevent the cool atmospheric air from rushing in and thus cooling down the boiler when the furnace-door is opencd,a chain or its equivalent, 8, is attached to the door it, runs over two or more rolls or pulleys, t, and is connected to a lover, a, which operates a damper or flap, o, in the smoke-canal 10, so that when the furnace-door is opened the damper or flap is closed or partly closed and vice versa, or the connection between furnace door and damper can be effected in other appropriate manner. If desired, the canal q can, instead of running from the ash-pit to the side of the furnace, be led out at the front or forward end of the masonry, as shown by the dotted lines so in Fig. 4, and the grate and ash pit be divided into more than two parts, witlr out departing from thetenor of myinvention.

As a rule, in cases where ordinary stokers are employed the furnace, aslrpit, and air-canal. doors or flaps are marked according to the result of a trial and then fixed. ln stok ing the fire the coal from the forward grate is pushed onto the rear grate, the slag removed, as usual, and a fresh charg'c of coal piled up on the front or foremost grate. The air-supply to the rear grate is so small that it only keeps up the combustion, whereas plenty of air is fed to the front grate, according to requirements, as the gasification of the said coal depends on the quantity of air fed to the furnace. So much air is fed to the ire through the furnace-door that only a yellowish vapor escapes from the chimney. According to my invention the quantity of air requisite for the consumption of the gases from the fresh charge of coal is mixed with the same on the generation of the said gases, so that this mixture of gas and air is ignited in pass ing over the glowing coal, in the rear grate, and thus a veryintcnsive heat produced and, besides this, my invention possesses the important advantage that it can be applied to furnaces of almost all descriptions at small expense, as it is not dependent on any special furnace construction.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same to .be performed, I declare that what I claim in smokeless or smoke-consuming furnaces is- 1. The combination of the grate a (7, composed of two or more parts,with the chambers or compartments Z) c, for supplying air to the fuel on the said grate a d, the said compartments or chambers Z: a being separated from each other by a movable flap or partition, 71, substantially as described in the foregoing ICO specification and shown in the accompanying drawings.

2. The combination, with the chamber I), provided with a suitable flap or slide, of the air-supply chamber 0, which is supplied with air through an appropriately-arranged canal or fine, the inlet port or opening of which can be regulated, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination of the chambers or eompartments I) and c with the fire or combustion space or chamber at, the door of which is formed as a flap, substantially as described in the foregoing specification and shown in the accompanying drawings.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HERMANN ROSICKE.

lVitnesses:

ANTHONY STEIFFEN, l3. ROI.

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