Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
  • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
  • D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L67/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L77/00—Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
  • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
  • D01D5/22—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a crimped or curled structure; with a special structure to simulate wool
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
  • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
  • Y10T428/2922—Nonlinear [e.g., crimped, coiled, etc.]
  • Y10T428/2924—Composite
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
  • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
  • Y10T428/2927—Rod, strand, filament or fiber including structurally defined particulate matter
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
  • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
  • Y10T428/2929—Bicomponent, conjugate, composite or collateral fibers or filaments [i.e., coextruded sheath-core or side-by-side type]
  • Y10T428/2931—Fibers or filaments nonconcentric [e.g., side-by-side or eccentric, etc.]

Definitions

• a side-by-side conjugate filament is disclosed in which one of the components is a fibre-forming polyamide or polyester and the other component is a fibre-forming polyamide/polyester mixture.
• the mixture is such that one polymer forms a continuous phase with the other polymer dispersed therein in the form of fine fibrils.
• the conjugate filaments of this invention crimp spontaneously when held in a relaxed condition after drawing. Subsequent heat relaxation treatments further increase the crimp and, surprisingly, it has been found that improved crimp is obtained when the filaments are fatigued, that is repeatedly stretched and relaxed under ambient conditions.
• the present invention provides a drawn molecularly oriented spontaneously conjugate filament containing two components one of which components is a fibre-forming polyamide or polyester and the other of which componets is a fibreforming polyamide/polyester mixture.
• the components exist in a side-by-side relationship.
• the percentage of polymer constituting the disperse phase in the mixture be not less than 20% and more preferably not less than 25% of the combined weight of the polymers in the mixture.
• the polyamide/polyester component should preferably have an initial modulus of at least 50 gm. per denier per of extension, measured at 2% extension when in the form of a unitary filament, and a glass/rubber transition temperature measured in the dry state of not less than 100 C.
• the heterofilaments are drawn immediately after spinning, or are stored at a relative humidity of at least 65% and a temperature of 7173 F. before drawing if there is a time lag between spinning and drawing.
• the present invention provides a process for the manufacture of a heterofilament as hereinbefore defined comprising simultaneously extruding the components through the same extrusion orifices in a side-by-side relationship, solidifying and winding up the filament onto a package and storing the package at a relative humidity of at least 65% and a temperature of 71-73 F. before drawing or drawing immediately after completion of winding the filament onto the package, drawing the filament by at least three times its original length and relaxing to allow the crimp to develop.
• Drawing may be carried out by passing the filament between a first and second set of rotating rolls, the second set rotating at a greater peripheral speed than the first, there being, preferably, a snubbing pin positioned between the sets of rolls to locate the point of draw of the filament.
• a snubbing pin positioned between the sets of rolls to locate the point of draw of the filament.
• the filaments should be heated during drawing by passage over a heated plate or by use of a heated snubbing pin, the temperature of the plate or pin preferably being above 100 C.
• the polyamides when used as one component, may be homopolymers or copolymers.
• Suitable polyamides are polyhexamethylene adipamide and polyepsilon captolactam and copolymers thereof, especially the 80/20 polyhexamethylene adipamide/polyepsilon caprolactam copolymer.
• the polyamide/polyester mixture may consist of poly- TABLE 1 hexameth'ylene adipamide or polyepsilon caprolactam admixed with polyethylene terephthalate or the polyester Mlmmum Maxlmum Mean formed from ethylene glycol and 4/4' dicarboxy ph n Xy gg g gg'g ethane.
• Either the polyamide or the polyester may con CF (per stitute the continuous phase, the disperse phase being dis- 5 8' 8 2 8%; tributed therethrough in the form of fine fibrils.
• polyesters include co- ,Meanono tesw polyesters. +Mean of 6 tests.
• Example 1 i RF :r/ a A conjugate filament was obtamed by the extruslon of where r-number of crimp reversals per crimped length a polyhexamethylene adipamide (PHA) and a mlxture of Grim; Permanence (CP) is calculated from the polyhexamethylene adipamide and polyethylene terephs thalate (PET) (75:25 parts by weight) in a side-by-side pm S1 arrangement at a temperature of 285 C.
• PHA polyhexamethylene adipamide
• CP Permanence
• PET polyethylene terephs thalate
• the solidified filament was wound up and stored at a temperature of L a about 72 and a relatlve immidlty of about and where L and a have the same significance as above, and subsequently drawn at a feedlng speed of 50 ft./m1n. and of crimped filament after placing the crimped g ffi f e g g hot g at 2 Wlthout filament under a load of 0.3 g./d. for one minute and r1 ation.
• e ament ad a enier o .1 a tenacity relaxin in th tns-on d stat f0 on t of 7.2 g./d. and an extension to break of 18.5%.
• the conjugate filament had the following crimp
• the spontaneous crimp developed by the filaments obtained in this example were characterised in the following experiment.
• a 10 cm. length of undrawn filaments ob- The spontaneous crimp developed by the filaments of tained above was inserted between the jaws of an instron Examples 2 and 4 was characterised in the manner used in Example 1 at a draw ratio of 4.5, the crimp characteristics are shown in Table 3.
• a series of other combinations of polymers was rod in the form of fine fibrils. spun as monofilaments at a rate of extrusion of 1.3 g./ min. 9.
• a filament according to claim 8 wherein the polyand a wind up speed of 600 ft./min.
• the undrawn filaments amide is polyhexamethylene adipamide and the polywere drawn over a heated plate immediately after extruamide/ polyester component is polyepsilon caprolactam/ sion and subsequently relaxed in water at near boiling polyethylene terephthalate in which the polyepsilon capropoint for one minute and then further relaxed for one lactam is the disperse phase and constitutes 25% by weight minute out of the water and the crimp characteristics of the mixture.
• CPE.2G polyyester prepared from ethylene glycol and 4,4 dicarboxyplienoxycthane.
• a drawn molecularly oriented spontaneously crimping conjugate filament containing at least two components existing in a side-by-side relationship, one of which components is a fibre-forming polyamide or polyester and the other of which components is a fibre-forming polyamide/ polyester mixture.
• a filament according to claim 4 wherein the polyamide/polyester component has an initial modulus of at least 50 g. per denier per 100% extension, measured at 2% extension, and a glass-rubber transition temperature of not less than 100 C. when measured in the dry state.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
• Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=9847074

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (8)

Cited By (2)

Citations (3)

• 1966
  • 1966-02-24 GB GB8167/66A patent/GB1169782A/en not_active Expired
• 1967
  • 1967-02-13 US US615325A patent/US3488251A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1967-02-17 NL NL6702479A patent/NL6702479A/xx unknown
  • 1967-02-23 LU LU53058D patent/LU53058A1/xx unknown
  • 1967-02-23 CH CH266067A patent/CH487271A/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1967-02-24 FR FR96387A patent/FR1512294A/fr not_active Expired
  • 1967-02-24 DE DE19671669461 patent/DE1669461A1/de active Pending
  • 1967-02-24 BE BE694635D patent/BE694635A/xx unknown

Patent Citations (3)

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