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US3486943A - Method of operating a high temperature fuel cell - Google Patents

Method of operating a high temperature fuel cell Download PDF

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Publication number
US3486943A
US3486943A US623756A US3486943DA US3486943A US 3486943 A US3486943 A US 3486943A US 623756 A US623756 A US 623756A US 3486943D A US3486943D A US 3486943DA US 3486943 A US3486943 A US 3486943A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
fuel cell
gas
oxidant
fuel
solid body
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Expired - Lifetime
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US623756A
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English (en)
Inventor
Marja Widell
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ABB Norden Holding AB
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ASEA AB
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Publication date
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of operating a high temperature fuel cell comprising a heat resistant solid body constituting or containing an electrolyte for the fuel cell.
  • Such fuel cells are often provided with an inner space for an oxidant within the solid body, an oxidant electrode in contact with the electrolyte in the inner space and a fuel electrode in contact with the electrolyte outside the body.
  • the fuel cells are operated by placing the solid body in a chamber containing a gas which thus surrounds the solid body and which is capable of acting as a fuel for the fuel cell, and by supplying an oxidant to the inner space of the solid body.
  • the chamber containing the fuel is then heated from the outside.
  • the present invention relates more particularly to a method of operating a high temperature fuel cell comprising a heat resistant solid body comprising an electrolyte for the fuel cell, for example consisting of a body of calcia stabilized zirconium dioxide or of a porous body of sintered magnesium oxide containing alkali carbonate in the pores, the solid body having an inner space for an oxidant, an oxidant electrode in contact with the electrolyte in the inner space and a fuel electrode in contact with the electrolyte on the outside of the body which is surrounded by a gaseous fuel, characterised in that the solid body is placed and heated in a region of a gas flame, which contains combustible gas which has not undergone combustion and which thus surrounds the solid body and acts as fuel for the fuel cell.
  • the solid body is made substantially tube shaped so that the hollow part of the tube forms the inner space.
  • the solid body of the fuel cell consists of the electrolyte it may, besides calcia stabilized zirconium dioxide which consists of about 85 mole percent ZrO and about mole percent CaO, also consist inter alia, of other oxygen ion conducting oxides such as yttria stabilized 3,486,943 Patented Dec.
  • the solid body consists of a porous carrier for the electrolyte it may, besides sintered magnesium oxide, also consist, inter alia, of sintered aluminium oxide.
  • the electrolyte in the pores may consist of an alkali carbonate or a mixture of alkali carbonates such as an eutectic mixture of potassium, sodium and lithium carbonate.
  • Suitable electrode material on the oxidant side is, inter alia, platinum and palladium and on the fuel side, inter alia, nickel and platinum.
  • the electrolyte consists of a carbonate
  • the electrode on the oxidant side may also advantageously consist of silver.
  • coal gas As examples of possible fuels for the fuel cell and as combustible material in the gas flame may be mentioned coal gas, natural gas, hydrogen gas, mixtures of the low molecular hydrocarbons, for example liquefied petroleum gas as well as kerosene and other volatile hydrocarbons.
  • the oxidant may, inter alia, consist of oxygen or air. When air is used as oxidant it can be taken from the surroundings and by natural draught be drawn into the oxidant space of the fuel cell.
  • FIGURE 1 shows schematically a means for carrying out the method according to the invention
  • FIGURE 2 a cross section of the fuel cell in FIGURE 1.
  • the gas burner 1 is supplied in the normal way with coal gas at 2 and air at 3.
  • the gas undergoes combustion in the flame 4 which has an inner zone 5 with a high percentage of unconsumed gas.
  • the inner parts of the outer zone 6 also contain gas, which has not undergone combustion.
  • the electrolyte 8 (FIGURE 2) of the fuel cell 7 consists of calcia stabilized zirconium dioxide.
  • the electrolyte constitutes also the solid body and is tube-shaped.
  • On the inside of the tube is the oxidant electrode 9 consisting of a platinum layer and on its outside is arranged the fuel electrode 10 consisting of a nickel layer. Both electrodes are of course pervious to gas.
  • the inner electrode 9 is electrically connected to the metal tube 11 for air supply by natural draught.
  • the connection 12 between the parts 8 and 11 consists of nickel aluminide.
  • the tube 11 also acts as a terminal for current. Outside the outer electrode 10 a second terminal 13 for current is arranged consisting of a strip of nickel net in contact with the electrode 10.
  • a high temperature fuel cell comprising a heat resistant solid body comprising an electrolyte for the fuel cell, the solid body having an inner space for an oxidant, an oxidant electrode in contact with the electrolyte in the inner space and a fuel electrode in contact with the electrolyte on the outside of the body, the steps comprising placing and heating the solid body in a region of a gas flame which contains combustible gas, which has not undergone combustion and which thus surrounds the solid body and acts as fuel for the fuel cell, and supplying an oxidant to the inner space.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
US623756A 1966-03-25 1967-03-16 Method of operating a high temperature fuel cell Expired - Lifetime US3486943A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE3943/66A SE311678B (fr) 1966-03-25 1966-03-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3486943A true US3486943A (en) 1969-12-30

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Family Applications (1)

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US623756A Expired - Lifetime US3486943A (en) 1966-03-25 1967-03-16 Method of operating a high temperature fuel cell

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3486943A (fr)
FR (1) FR1515563A (fr)
NL (1) NL6704337A (fr)
SE (1) SE311678B (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0486911A1 (fr) * 1990-11-19 1992-05-27 Wenzel Mach Installation pour la génération d'énergie électrique
WO1997042675A1 (fr) * 1996-05-07 1997-11-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Dispositif de production de chaleur et de production electrochimique de courant
WO1997048144A1 (fr) * 1996-06-13 1997-12-18 Keele University Systeme de generation d'electricite a piles a combustible
US20050153189A1 (en) * 2003-11-28 2005-07-14 Takashi Okamoto Solid oxide electrolyte material and method of producing solid oxide electrolyte
CN100386913C (zh) * 2003-04-08 2008-05-07 新光电气工业株式会社 燃料电池装置

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3138487A (en) * 1961-02-28 1964-06-23 Gen Electric Fuel cell
US3377203A (en) * 1963-12-20 1968-04-09 Univ Ernst Moritz Arndt Method of producing fuel cells with solid electrolytes and ceramic oxide electrode layers

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3138487A (en) * 1961-02-28 1964-06-23 Gen Electric Fuel cell
US3377203A (en) * 1963-12-20 1968-04-09 Univ Ernst Moritz Arndt Method of producing fuel cells with solid electrolytes and ceramic oxide electrode layers

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0486911A1 (fr) * 1990-11-19 1992-05-27 Wenzel Mach Installation pour la génération d'énergie électrique
WO1997042675A1 (fr) * 1996-05-07 1997-11-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Dispositif de production de chaleur et de production electrochimique de courant
WO1997048144A1 (fr) * 1996-06-13 1997-12-18 Keele University Systeme de generation d'electricite a piles a combustible
CN100386913C (zh) * 2003-04-08 2008-05-07 新光电气工业株式会社 燃料电池装置
US20050153189A1 (en) * 2003-11-28 2005-07-14 Takashi Okamoto Solid oxide electrolyte material and method of producing solid oxide electrolyte
US7402356B2 (en) * 2003-11-28 2008-07-22 Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. Solid oxide electrolyte material and method of producing solid oxide electrolyte

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1515563A (fr) 1968-03-01
SE311678B (fr) 1969-06-23
NL6704337A (fr) 1967-09-26

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