[go: up one dir, main page]

US3459165A - Diesel engine starter - Google Patents

Diesel engine starter Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3459165A
US3459165A US662421A US3459165DA US3459165A US 3459165 A US3459165 A US 3459165A US 662421 A US662421 A US 662421A US 3459165D A US3459165D A US 3459165DA US 3459165 A US3459165 A US 3459165A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
air
starter
conduit
starting
cartridge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US662421A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Donald E Bender
James Kaytor
Lowell L Russell
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Olin Corp
Original Assignee
Olin Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Olin Corp filed Critical Olin Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3459165A publication Critical patent/US3459165A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N7/00—Starting apparatus having fluid-driven auxiliary engines or apparatus
    • F02N7/08—Starting apparatus having fluid-driven auxiliary engines or apparatus the engines being of rotary type

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to a starting system for starting engines. More particularly it relates to a combined cartridge and air starter for use in starting diesel engines, internal combustion engines, and turbine engines.
  • the electric starter usually consists of a 12-volt battery and a 12-volt starting motor along with suitable auxiliary components.
  • an electrical starting system has many attractive attributes it is not without its limitations.
  • One of the common complaints is a dead battery.
  • battery power output decreases rapidl and at low temperatures the battery is very hard to charge.
  • the l2-volt starter is not sufficient.
  • starter manufacturers have produced a 24-volt starting motor.
  • a series parallel switch In order to use this with a 12-volt electrical system on the truck, it is necessary to use a series parallel switch. During the starting operation this switch automatically places two 12-volt batteries in series to power the starter.
  • the series parallel switch places the two 12-volt batteries in parallel to power other electrical components on the truck and to accept a charge from a 12-volt generator.
  • the series parallel switch has a high malfunction rate and that the 24-volt motor is not vastly superior to the 12-volt version.
  • the cold weather itself causes starting problems in connection with an electrical starting system.
  • the viscosity of the engine crankcase oil increases. Since the power output of a battery drops in cold weather, and in cold weather the required cranking power is the highest due to the increase in the viscosity of the oil, the available cranking power from the batteries may be too low to start the diesel motor.
  • the second type of starting system uses hydraulic pressure to power the starting motor.
  • the main components of such a system are a hydraulic pump driven by the engine, a hand operated pump for emergencies, and an accumulator, a starting motor, and a reservoir.
  • the accumulator is constructed so that the hydraulic fluid exerts force on a piston which in turn compresses nitrogen on ice the other side of the system at a pressure of about 3,200 psi. This then provides the stored energy for starting. It has been found, however, that such units are not generally acceptable for use on over-the-road trucks because of the complaint that frequent use causes seal leakage in the starter motor.
  • an air starting system comprises an air reservoir whose volume may be from 30 to 60 gallons which is pressurized by the air brake compressor on the truck.
  • the reservoir is connected by suitable plumbing through a quick-release valve to a vane air motor which is used to drive a starter pinion gear which engages with a gear on the truck connected to the engine.
  • Air starting is not without its limitations since only a limited supply of air is available. If the start is not accomplished on the first try and the driver cranks the engine intermittently the tank pressure will fall below the value required for getting the starter motor and truck engine into motion.
  • the present invention is directed to providing a back up system for use with an air starter.
  • the back up system includes the provision of a gas-generating cartridge capable of generating high pressure gases which can be used for powering the same starter motor which is used for air starting.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a more reliable starting system for engines. Yet another object of this invention is to provide a starting system for a diesel truck which is effective at low temperatures.
  • Yet another object of this invention is to provide a starting system for a diesel engine wherein compressed air is normally used to crank the starting motor, but wherein a gas-generating cartridge can be used in the event the required air pressure is not available.
  • FIGURE 1 is a schematic diagram of the combined cartridge and air starting system adapted to be used on an over-the-road diesel truck;
  • FIGURE 2 is an enlarged View, partially in section, of the cartridge receiving chamber and breech mechanism
  • FIGURE 3 is a side view, partially in section, of the starter motor assembly
  • FIGURE 4 is a sectional view taken along the lines 3-3 of FIGURE 3;
  • FIGURE 5 is a sectional view of a lubricator for use in the system shown in FIGURE 1.
  • the air starting portion of the starting system of this invention may comprise an air receiver or reservoir 2 which may be mounted on the truck in some convenient location.
  • the air reservoir 2 is provided with an inlet conduit 4 which is connected to a compressor (not shown) mounted on the truck.
  • the reservoir 2 is charged by the compressor, which is driven by the engine of the trucks, to a pressure which is usually in the range of from about 100 to 120 p.s.i. maximum.
  • the inlet conduit 4 is usually provided with a one-way check valve 6 to permit flow into the receiver 2 while prohibiting flow out of the reservoir 2.
  • a safety valve 8 communicates with the interior of the reservoir to prevent overpressurization of the receiver 2.
  • An emergency fill valve 10 communicates with the air receiver 2 so that the air receiver 2 can be filled from an outside source of compressed air if such a source is available.
  • a drain valve 12 extends downwardly from the bottom of the air reservoir 2.
  • a quick-acting, on-off, high capacity valve 14 has its inlet port connected to the outlet of the air reservoir 2 and its outlet port connected to the main air conduit 16.
  • the valve 14 may be of the type which can be actuated manually, pneumatically htrough an air pilot system, or electrically.
  • an actuation switch 18 is connected by suitable wiring 20 to the valve 14 and also to a source of electrical power such as a battery (not shown) whereby actuation of the switch 18, which can be positioned in the truck cab in easy access to the driver, will open the valve 14.
  • the cartridge portion of the starting system comprises a cartridge receiving chamber 22 provided with a high pressure safety disc 24 of a type well known in the art to let the gases escape in the event of overpressurization in the high pressure section.
  • the cartridge receiving chamber 22 also includes a removable breech closure 26 containing a suitable firing mechanism (not shown) capable of igniting the cartridge assembly 28.
  • the firing mechanism may include a firing pin which is electrically operated by virtue of an actuating switch 30 connected to the firing mechanism by suitable wiring 32 and to a source of electric power such as the battery of the truck.
  • the actuating switch 30 may be positioned in the cab of the truck.
  • the cartridge assembly 28 may comprise a packaged unit including a low energy solid propellant and an ignition device contained within a hermetically sealed metal container.
  • a conventional primer may be provided for igniting an ignition device which in turn ignites the solid propellant.
  • a nozzle 34 is provided adjacent the end of the cartridge receiving chamber 22 to reduce the pressure of the gases as they enter the hot gas conduit 36.
  • a low pressure safety disc 38 is positioned in the hot gas conduit 36 immediately downstream of the nozzle 34 to prevent overpressurization in the hot gas conduit 36.
  • the main air conduit 14 and the hot gas manifold 36 join together at a T-shaped connection 40 immediately above the starter assembly 42.
  • the main air conduit 16 is provided with a check valve 44 adjacent the connection 40 to prevent gases from the cartridge from flowing up to the air valve 14.
  • a starter lubricator 46 is provided to supply lubricant to the stream of hot gases or compressed air as they enter the starter assembly 42 to insure proper lubrication of the moving parts of the assembly.
  • a first conduit 48 extends from the inlet portion of the starter assembly 42 to the lubricator 46 to bleed either the compressed air or hot gases from the inlet to actuate the lubricator 46.
  • a second conduit 50 extends from the lubricator 46 to the inlet portion of the starter assembly 42 to provide for flow of the lubricant to the starter assembly 42.
  • a third conduit 52 extends from a lubricant reservoir (not shown) to the lubricator 46 to provide a means for refilling the lubricator 46 after each starting operation.
  • a starter assembly 42 that has been found to be compatible with both an air start and a cartridge start is shown in FIGURES 3 and 4.
  • the assembly 42 comprises a vane motor 54 and a drive assembly 56.
  • the vane motor 54 comprises an outer housing 58, a rotor casing 60 having .a cylindrical inner surface 62 and a rotor 64 mounted eccentrically with the axis of the cylindrical inner surface 62 of the casing 60.
  • the outer housing 58 includes a main inlet 66 to which the outlet end of the T-shaped connection 40 is attached.
  • the inlet 66 communicates with passages 68 in the rotor casing 60 which in turn communicate with the interior of the rotor casing 60 defined by the cylindrical inner surface 62.
  • the rotor '64 is provided with a series of circumferentially spaced, longitudinally extending slots 70 in which are mounted vane members 72 which are movable radially inwardly and outwardly in their respective slots 70.
  • Each of the vane members 72 are biased outwardly by means of a spring member 74 mounted between the bottom of the slot 70 and the base of the vane member 72. Since the motor must be compatible for use with a gasgenerating cartridge wherein the temperature of the gases entering the motor may be in the magnitude of between 1000 F. to 1200 F., the vane members 72 must be constructed of a material capable of withstanding repeated exposures of short intervals of gases at these temperatures.
  • the rotor casing 60 also includes an exhaust port 76 which communicates with an exhaust outlet 78 in the housing.
  • the rotor 64 of the vane motor 54 is attached to the drive assembly 56 by means of a gear 80 driven by the rotor 64 which engages with a gear 82 on the shaft 84 of the drive assembly 56.
  • the drive assembly 56 is contained within a suitable housing 86 and includes starter engaging means 88 for causing the starter gear 90 to engage the gear 92 connected to the diesel engine when the vane motor 54 is actuated.
  • the starter engaging means 88 may be of the conventional type wherein a friction clutch is provided to cause the starter gear 90 to move into engagement with the gear 92 connected to the engine upon rotation of the drive shaft 84.
  • Some typical starter engaging means are shown in US. Patent Nos. 3,003,006, 3,222,938 and 3,263,509.
  • a starter lubricator 46 particularly adaptable for use with the above-described combined air and starter system is-shown in FIGURE 5.
  • the lubricator 46 comprises a housing '94 in which a piston 96 having a first portion 98 of a smaller diameter and a second portion 100 of larger diameter is contained for limited movement.
  • An inlet port 102 for either the air or hot gases to which the conduit 48 is attached is provided in one end of the housing 94 and communicates with a chamber 104 at the rearward end 106 of the piston 96.
  • the chamber 104 is initially formed by a recess cut into the rearward end 106 of the piston 96.
  • An outlet 108 is provided at the opposite end of the housing in front of the smaller diameter portion 98 of the piston 96.
  • the conduit 50 is connected to this outlet 108 and includes a check valve 110 positioned in the conduit 50 immediately adjacent the outlet 104 to permit flow only in the direction from the lubricator 46 to the starter assembly 42.
  • the smaller diameter portion 98 of the piston 96 includes a forward face 112 which has an axially extending bore 114 therein.
  • a spring member 116 extends between the base of the bore 114 and the housing 94 to urge the piston 96 toward its rearward position as shown in FIG- URE 5.
  • the bore 114 and the area in front of the smaller diameter portion 98 of the piston 96 form a chamber 118 for receiving lubricant from the lubricant reservoir through an inlet 120 provided in the housing.
  • the conduit 52 from a lubricant reservoir (not shown) is connected to the inlet 120 and includes a check valve 122 which permits flow only in a direction into the chamber 118. Neither check valve 110 nor check valve 122 have been shown in detail as such devices are well known in the art.
  • the operator merely actuates the quick-acting, on-olf valve 14 which permits the compressed air in the air reservoir 2 to flow through conduit 16, connection 40, to the inlet 66 of the starter assembly 42.
  • the air passes through the passages 68 in the rotor casing 60 and enters the interior thereof where it acts against the vanes 68 on the rotor 60 and rotates the rotor 60 in a counterclockwise direction as viewed in FIGURE 3.
  • the rotation of the rotor 60 rotates the shaft 84 of the drive assembly 56 setting the drive assembly 56 into operation whereupon the drive pinion 90 engages with and rotates the gear 92 connected to the engine of the diesel motor.
  • the spring member 116 returns the piston 96 to its original rearward position and in so doing, draws in a measured amount of lubricant through the conduit 52 from the lubricant reservoir and check valve 122 whereupon the lubricator is ready for the next start.
  • the piston 96 will be moved toward the outlet 108 to force the lubricant through conduit 50 into the inlet 66 of the starter assembly 42.
  • the check valve 122 prevents lubricant from entering the conduit 52 during the forward operating stroke of the piston 96.
  • the check valve 110 prevents air from being drawn into chamber 118 from conduit 50 during the return movement of the piston 96.
  • the temperature range of the gases as they leave the cartridge receiving chamber 22 may be between 2050 F. and 2150 F. This would cause serious deterioration of the vanes and other working parts of the motor if the gases entered the starter assembly 42 at this temperature.
  • One method of regulating the temperature is through the length of the hot gas supply conduit 36, the length should be such that it is long enough to insure that some heat transfer to the atmosphere will take place so that the gas is not too hot and short enough so that the gases do not lose their energy.
  • the length of the conduit 36 should be between 7.5 and 11 feet. If the conduit is kept within this range, no additional heat dissipation means is necessary. This is advantageous in that such means would add to the overall weight of the unit. If standard heavy duty one inch stainless steel pipe is used the length of the conduit can be shortened by about two feet. If it should be necessary, due to limitations imposed by the design of the vehicle, to shorten the length of the conduit 36 below the above-mentioned lengths, then a heat sink or some other means for heat dissipation must be included to reduce the temperature of the hot gases.
  • a system wherein a cartridge start can be substituted without requiring a separate motor or driving assembly.
  • the above-described system is relatively inexpensive to manufacture, simple in construction and light in weight, yet insures a proper start to all circumstances.
  • a starting system for engines comprising a starter assembly including a vane motor having an inlet and a drive mechanism adapted to be actuated by the vane motor to impart power to the engine, an air reservoir for storing compressed air, conduit means connecting said air reservoir to the inlet of said starting motor, a cartridge receiving chamber adapted to receive a gas generating cartridge, breech means closing said cartridge receiving chamber, and gas conduit means connecting said cartridge receiving chamber to said inlet of said vane motor, air valve means in said air conduit means for permitting flow in said air conduit when said valve is opened, and cartridge actuating means in said breech means.
  • the starting system of claim 2 further including lubricator means, said lubricator means including means operable upon the influence of the compressed air or hot gases to supply a predetermined amount of lubricant to said inlet of said vane motor.
  • the starting system of claim 2 further including nozzle means positioned adjacent the cartridge receiving chamber to reduce the pressure of the hot gases generated in the cartridge receiving chamber as they flow into the gas conduit.
  • the starting system of claim 4 further including means for reducing the temperature of the gases generated by the cartridge from their temperature at the nozzle means to a lower temperature at the point where the gases enter said inlet.
  • gas conduit means comprises thin-walled, stainless steel tubing having a wall thickness of about .060 inch and an internal diameter of about .50 inch and a length of between about 7.5 and 11 feet.
  • gas conduit comprises standard heavy duty one inch stainless steel pipe having a length between about 5.5 and 9 feet.
  • said vane motor comprises a housing having an inlet, a rotor casing having a cylindrical inner surface, and a rotor having an axis eccentric with the axis of said inner surface, said rotor having a plurality of axially extending, circumferentially spaced slots, a rotor blade mounted in each of said slots, means biasing each of said blades radially outwardly into engagement with said inner surface, and means connecting said inlet to the interior of said rotor casing so that either the gases from the gas generating cartridge or the compressed air can impinge upon said rotor blades to drive said rotor.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Rotary Pumps (AREA)
  • Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
US662421A 1967-08-22 1967-08-22 Diesel engine starter Expired - Lifetime US3459165A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US66242167A 1967-08-22 1967-08-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3459165A true US3459165A (en) 1969-08-05

Family

ID=24657643

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US662421A Expired - Lifetime US3459165A (en) 1967-08-22 1967-08-22 Diesel engine starter

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3459165A (ja)
JP (1) JPS4835894B1 (ja)
BE (1) BE719825A (ja)
CH (1) CH496887A (ja)
DE (1) DE1751936A1 (ja)
FR (1) FR1577709A (ja)
GB (3) GB1243794A (ja)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3597919A (en) * 1969-03-24 1971-08-10 Gen Electric Linear gas generator actuated latching and thrusting device
US3626918A (en) * 1969-07-18 1971-12-14 Trw Inc Starting system for diesel engines
US3675417A (en) * 1971-04-15 1972-07-11 Olin Corp Engine starting system with combination air relay and check valve
US3722209A (en) * 1971-04-09 1973-03-27 J Kaytor Engine-starting septem
US3892073A (en) * 1972-06-16 1975-07-01 Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale Pyrotechnic positioning device
US4557232A (en) * 1982-06-01 1985-12-10 Delorean John Z Swash plate engine
US20110114068A1 (en) * 2009-11-13 2011-05-19 Honeywell International Inc. Engine start-up with a secondary fuel

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2119071C1 (ru) * 1997-03-06 1998-09-20 Василий Григорьевич Пешков Двигатель внутреннего сгорания четырехкратный, поршневой, кривошипно-кулисный, роторный с факельным самозажиганием (двскф), способ запуска двскф пиротехнический
CN108331693A (zh) * 2018-02-10 2018-07-27 刘剑 车辆的启动装置

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2509942A (en) * 1944-11-02 1950-05-30 Bendix Westinghouse Automotive Fluid pressure system with automatic means for replenishing pressure
US2509361A (en) * 1946-05-14 1950-05-30 Wahlberg Mccreary Starter
US2590432A (en) * 1949-05-31 1952-03-25 Ici Ltd Self-combustible solid charge operated engine starter
US2899940A (en) * 1959-08-18 Fluid pressure motor
US3051136A (en) * 1960-08-08 1962-08-28 Schwitzer Corp Starting motor control

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2899940A (en) * 1959-08-18 Fluid pressure motor
US2509942A (en) * 1944-11-02 1950-05-30 Bendix Westinghouse Automotive Fluid pressure system with automatic means for replenishing pressure
US2509361A (en) * 1946-05-14 1950-05-30 Wahlberg Mccreary Starter
US2590432A (en) * 1949-05-31 1952-03-25 Ici Ltd Self-combustible solid charge operated engine starter
US3051136A (en) * 1960-08-08 1962-08-28 Schwitzer Corp Starting motor control

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3597919A (en) * 1969-03-24 1971-08-10 Gen Electric Linear gas generator actuated latching and thrusting device
US3626918A (en) * 1969-07-18 1971-12-14 Trw Inc Starting system for diesel engines
US3722209A (en) * 1971-04-09 1973-03-27 J Kaytor Engine-starting septem
US3675417A (en) * 1971-04-15 1972-07-11 Olin Corp Engine starting system with combination air relay and check valve
US3892073A (en) * 1972-06-16 1975-07-01 Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale Pyrotechnic positioning device
DE2366271C2 (de) * 1972-06-16 1983-11-03 Société Nationale des Poudres et Explosifs, 75181 Paris Durch eine Treibladung betätigbare Zugvorrichtung
US4557232A (en) * 1982-06-01 1985-12-10 Delorean John Z Swash plate engine
US20110114068A1 (en) * 2009-11-13 2011-05-19 Honeywell International Inc. Engine start-up with a secondary fuel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1577709A (ja) 1969-08-08
CH496887A (fr) 1970-09-30
GB1243795A (en) 1971-08-25
GB1243794A (en) 1971-08-25
GB1243796A (en) 1971-08-25
DE1751936A1 (de) 1971-09-02
JPS4835894B1 (ja) 1973-10-31
BE719825A (ja) 1969-02-24

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4653269A (en) Heat engine
US6328004B1 (en) Internal combustion engines
US4157744A (en) Lubricating and cooling engine system component
US3459165A (en) Diesel engine starter
ES2962244T3 (es) Motores de combustión interna
US4236496A (en) Rotary engine
US6539913B1 (en) Rotary internal combustion engine
US3640359A (en) Control system for hydrodynamic retarder
US4653274A (en) Method of controlling a free piston external combustion engine
US2914909A (en) Pump and turbine hydraulic transmission driven by an internal combustion engine having starter means therefor
US3587782A (en) Automatic fluid injector
US3633360A (en) Boost starter system
US2966898A (en) Rotary piston internal combustion engine
US4369623A (en) Positive displacement engine with separate combustion chamber
US3816040A (en) Air starter and lubricator throttle valve therefor
EP0058268B1 (en) A spring actuated piston pump and a turbo-charged engine utilising such a pump
US3616785A (en) Fluid actuated starter assembly
US3722209A (en) Engine-starting septem
US1405551A (en) Turbine
US2816416A (en) Two cycle internal combustion engine
US3978827A (en) Piston engine employing oxygen
US2316394A (en) Explosive type engine
US1856011A (en) Internal combustion engine
US5617826A (en) Synchronized compression ignition engine
US2981056A (en) Apparatus for starting internal combustion engines