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US3455193A - Material shear - Google Patents

Material shear Download PDF

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Publication number
US3455193A
US3455193A US56437466A US3455193A US 3455193 A US3455193 A US 3455193A US 56437466 A US56437466 A US 56437466A US 3455193 A US3455193 A US 3455193A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
knives
members
cam
log
seen
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
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English (en)
Inventor
Walter L Jackson Jr
Willis A Head
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
WALTER L JACKSON JR
WILLIS A HEAD
Original Assignee
WALTER L JACKSON JR
WILLIS A HEAD
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by WALTER L JACKSON JR, WILLIS A HEAD filed Critical WALTER L JACKSON JR
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3455193A publication Critical patent/US3455193A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
    • B27M1/00—Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/56—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which travels with the work otherwise than in the direction of the cut, i.e. flying cutter
    • B26D1/62—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which travels with the work otherwise than in the direction of the cut, i.e. flying cutter and is rotating about an axis parallel to the line of cut, e.g. mounted on a rotary cylinder
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/465—Cutting motion of tool has component in direction of moving work
    • Y10T83/4766—Orbital motion of cutting blade
    • Y10T83/4795—Rotary tool
    • Y10T83/4812—Compound movement of tool during tool cycle

Definitions

  • a device for severing logs into predetermined lengths including a pair of driven rotatable members, each pivotally carrying a plurality of knives about the periphery thereof.
  • a cam member having a cam race is carried by each member and a cam follower is positioned in the cam race and connected to the knives of the member to maintain the knives in a vertical attitude during the severing of the log into lengths.
  • a conveyor system which feeds the logs to the device in an endto-end fashion, and includes a conveyor for moving the logs and a switch means associated with the conveyor and rotating members to cause the log to be fed to a predetermined point, held at this point until the knives are moved to a predetermined point, and then fed into the device synchronously with the rotation of the knives.
  • This invention relates generally to material handling equipment and more particularly to a device for cutting logs to predetermined lengths by shearing action.
  • This invention is an attempt to overcome this problem by providing a device which will etficiently and effectively cut logs received at the pulp mill to predetermined lengths for feeding to the machinery in the pulp mill.
  • the apparatus embodying the invention will cut logs received at the pulp mill into the predetermined lengths with great rapidity so that the processing equipment of the pulp mill will be continuously fed with these logs to predetermined lengths for processing into paper.
  • the apparatus of the invention comprises a pair of synchronized rotatable members each further carrying a knife member so that when a log is caught between the synchronously rotating members, the knives will serve to shear the log into predetermined lengths for subsequent feeding to a pulp mill machine since the speed of the logs being fed relative to the speed of the knives is also synchronized. Means are also provided for initially starting the log between the rotating members at a predetermined time so that the first cut of the log will be the desired predetermined length.
  • One embodiment of the invention includes means for maintaining vertical attitude of the knives during the shearing operation to prevent binding of the knives and tearing of the log during the shearing operation.
  • FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of one embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a top plan view of that embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 3-3 in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of the control circuit for the means for supplying logs to the apparatus of the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the invention with means for providing the correct vertical attitude of the knives during the shearing operation;
  • FIG. 6 is a side elevational view of one of the rotating members of the second embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 5 with parts thereof broken away to show the internal construction thereof;
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 77 in FIG. 5 showing the cam which maintains the vertical attitude of the knives during the shearing operation.
  • the apparatus of the first embodiment of the invention comprises of first upper rotating member 10 and a second lower rotating member 11 rotatably mounted on a frame 12.
  • the frame 12 comprises generally four spaced upright standards 14 fixedly mounted on transverse connecting beams 15 at the base thereof and joined at their upper ends by longitudinally extending support beams 16.
  • the support beams 16 extend outwardly past each of the upright standards 14 and are joined at their outermost ends by transverse braces 17.
  • the upper rotating member 10 is rotatably mounted in bearings 18 attached to the underside of the longitudinal support beams 16 and the lower rotating member 11 is rotatably mounted, in bearings 19 carried by longitudinally extending support braces 20.
  • the rotating member 10 is identical to the rotating member 11 and rotated oppositely thereto, only the rotating member 10 will be described in detail and the corresponding parts of the member 11 will be indicated bY primes of the reference numerals applied to the parts of the rotating member 10.
  • the upper rotating member 10 comprises circular side plates 21 fixedly mounted to an inner annular support sleeve 22 fixedly located on an axle 24 by a pair of wedging cones 25.
  • one of the wedging cones 25 includes a keyway slot 26 therein which mates with a keyway slot 28 in the aXle 24 to receive a key 29 therein to prevent rotational movement of the wedging cones 25 with respect to the axle 24. Since the axle 24 is rotatably journaled in the bearings 18, it will be seen that rotation of the side plates 21 will rotate the axle 24 in the bearings 18.
  • a ring gear 30 Mounted on the outside of one of the side plates 21 is a ring gear 30 having an outside diameter slightly greater than the diameter of the side plates 21.
  • the bearings 18 and 19 position the axles 24 and 24 of the upper and lower rotating members and 11 so that the ring gears 30 and 30' thereof mesh at their common point of tangency to synchronize the rotation of the lower member 11 with the rotation of the upper member 10. Therefore, it can be seen that, when the motor 31 rotates the pinion 32 drivingly engaging the ring gear 30 of the upper rotating members 10 both the upper and lower rotating members 10 and 11 will be synchronously driven.
  • a plurality of equidistantly spaced blade support plates 34 Positioned between the side plates: 21 and extending radially outwardly from the annular ring 22 are a plurality of equidistantly spaced blade support plates 34 having a semicircular recess at the outer extending ends thereof to prevent engagement of the plates 34 with a log passing between the rotating members 10 and 11.
  • a blade 35 is carried at the outer extending end of each of the support plates 34 and is fixedly attached to the support plates 34 through mounting plates 36 having bolts 38 extending therethrough and engaging the support plates 34. It will be seen that, in this particular embodiment of the invention, there are four blades 35 mounted ninety degrees apart.
  • the rotating members 10 and 11 are synchronized so that when one of the knives 35 of the rotating member 10 is in its lower vertical position, the complementary knife 35' in the rotating member 11 is in its upper vertical position so that the knives 30 and 35 are aligned. To insure that the log extended between the rotating members 10 and 11 at their common point of tangency is completely sheared into, the knives 35 and 35 almost engage with each other.
  • a conveyor C is provided for feeding logs to the common point of tangency between the rotating members 10 and 11 and includes a pair of side support plates 40 attached to the upright standards 14 and rotatably mounting therebetween a plurality of rolls 41.
  • the rolls 41 are driven by a motor drive unit 42 through a conventional chain and sprocket arrangement 44 so that all of the rolls 41 are driven in the same rotational direction, herein shown as clockwise in FIG. 1.
  • a limit switch LS1 is positioned in the conveyor C just prior to entry of the log between the common point of tangency of the members 10 and 11 and serves to stop the motor drive unit 42 until a cam switch CS1, having a cam 43, is activated to again start the motor drive unit 42 and drive the log between the members 10 and 11.
  • the cam switch CS1 is effective to prevent a log from entering between the members 10 and 11 until the proper instance when the first cut of the log will be at the predetermined length for feeding into the machinery at the pulp mill.
  • the first set of knives 35 and 35' engage the log, they will serve to drive the log forward until the next pair of knives 35, and 35 engage the log to shear it and this process is repeated until the log has been completely cut. If the log is of a small diameter, the conveyor C also assists in driving the log forward at the proper speed between cuts.
  • the second embodiment of the invention comprises a first upper rotating member 50 and a second lower rotating member 51 rotatably carried in the frame 12 by the bearings 18 and 19. Since the upper and lower rotating members 50 and 51 are identical and rotated oppositely, only the upper rotating member 50 will be described in detail and primes of the reference numerals applied to the component parts of the upper rotating member 50 will be applied to the corresponding component parts of the rotating member 51.
  • the upper rotating member 50 comprises generally a pair of spaced side plates 52 concentrically mounted on inner support rings 54 each having a conically tapering hole 55 therethrough.
  • the support sleeves 54 engage complementary tapering wedge sections 56 of a support axle 58 which is rotatably journaled in the bearings 18.
  • the rings 54 and wedge sections 56 have appropriate keyway slots 53 therein to receive a key 57 which prevents rotation of the plates 52 with respect to the axle 58.
  • the outer peripheral edges of the side plates 52 are joined by arcuate spacer seg ments 59 effective, in conjunction with the support rings 54, to maintain the sides plates 52 in spaced alignment.
  • an annular support ring 60 is also attached to the outer peripheral edge of each of the side plates 52.
  • the rings 60 pivotally carry knife mountings 61 therebetween on bearing pins 63. There are four knife mountings 61 associated with the rotating member 50 and are equally spaced around the periphery of the support rings 60 so that they are located ninety degrees apart.
  • a ring gear 62 Attached to the outside of one of the support rings 60 is a ring gear 62 which is engaged by the pinion 32 of the motor 31 and engages the ring gear 62 of the rotating member 51 at their common points of tangency. It will be seen, then, that the second embodiment of the inven tion is driven in the same manner as the first embodiment of the invention.
  • a cam support member 65 Rotatably mounted on a bearing sleeve 64 fixedly mounted on the axle 58 between the tapered wedge portions 56 is a cam support member 65 having gear teeth 66 around the outer periphery thereof effective to engage a gear 68 fixedly carried on a shaft 69 rotatably mounted in supports 70 in each of the side plates 52.
  • the extending end of the shaft 69 has fixedly mounted thereon a gear 71 which is outside the side plates 52 and is eifective to be engaged by a ring gear 72 fixedly mounted on the frame 12 by a support plate 74. Therefore, it will be seen that, as the upper member 50 is rotated, the gear 71 will be rotated with respect to the ring gear 72 so that the gear 68 will be rotated in like manner to drive the rotatable cam support member 65.
  • a cam race member 75 is fixedly mounted to one side of the cam support member 65 and has a cam race 76 therein for the receipt of a cam follower 78 therein which is rotatably mounted on one end of a connecting link 79 pivotably mounted intermediate its ends to a support 80 attached to one of the side walls 52. Therefore, it will be seen that as the upper member 50 is rotated, the cam race member 75 will be rotated so that cam follower 78 will be moved toward and away from the center of rotation of the upper member 50.
  • a hearing sleeve 81 is fixedly mounted on one end of the cam support 65 and rotatably carries a web 82 thereon maintained in place between a pair of retaining plates 84 held thereon by a lock ring 85.
  • the web 82 has four extending connecting arms 86 extending outwardly therefrom and equally spaced thereabout which engage the outer extending ends of connecting links 88 which are pivotally connected to the knife mountings 61 and to the extending end of the connecting arms 86, it being seen that each arm 86 is connected to one of the mountings 61.
  • connecting link 79 is a V-shaped link having its one end rotatably carrying the cam follower 78 and its other end pivotally connected to one end of a transfer link 90 which in turn is pivotally attached to the web 82.
  • the position of the Web 82 is determined by the position of the cam follower 78 within the cam race 76.
  • Each of the knife mountings 61 includes a mounting block 92 carrying therein a knife 94 held in place by a retaining plate 95 through bolts 96. It will be noted that a semi-circular recess is provided in the outer extending ends of the retaining plate 95 and mounting block 92 to allow the knife 94 to cut into a log without contacting the mounting block 92 or retaining plate 95.
  • cam races 76 and 76' will depend on the desired manipulation of the knives 94 and 94' as the members 50 and 51 are rotated.
  • the cam races 76 and 76' are such that, if the cam members 75 and 75' are rotated four times for each revolution of the members 50 and 51, one complete manipulation cycle is accomplished for each ninety degrees of rotation of the members 50 and 51.
  • the cam races 76 and 76 are such that the knives 94 and 94' are radially disposed when the knives 94 and 94' are located at points X and X but are moved to a vertical position by the cam races 76 and 76' by the time the members 50 and 51 have rotated to the point Y and Y.
  • the knives 94 and 94 are maintained in a vertical attitude through the angles 1p and go until they reach the points Z and Z at the common point of tangency of the members 50 and 51.
  • the logs are fed between the common points of tangency of the rotating members 50 and 51 in the same manner as in the first embodiment of the invention.
  • the cam members 75 and 75' are rotated by the gears 68, 71 and 72 at a speed sufficiently fast to cause the webs 82 and 82' to be so positioned by the connecting links 79 and 79 that each of the knives 94 and 94' will be vertically positioned during travel through the angles (p and rp' during the shearing of the log.
  • the cam members 75 and 75 are rotated four times as fast as the rotation of the members 50 and 51 since it is necessary that a manipulation cycle be repeated four times during each revolution of the members 50 and 51 to maintain vertical attitude of the knives 94 and 94' during the cutting of the log.
  • the rotational speed of the cam members 75 and 75' must be the number of knives 94 or 94 mounted within the rotating members 50 or 51.
  • One rotational speed of the members 50 and 51 has been found effective if one shearing operation is completed each second.
  • the circumferential distance between the knives 94 and 94' will be the cut lengths of the logs passing therebetween.
  • Apparatus for cutting material into predetermined lengths including:
  • each of said rotatable members adjacent the circumference thereof, said knives being aligned at least at one point during the cutting of the material;
  • positioning means carried by at least one of said rotatable members for maintaining each of said knives in a vertical attitude during the cutting of the material, said positioning means including a cam means and means for connecting said cam means to said knives to maintain the vertical attitude of said knives during the cutting of said material.
  • Apparatus for cutting material into predetermined lengths including:
  • each of said rotatable members adjacent the circumference thereof, said knives being aligned at least at one point during the cutting of the material;
  • positioning means carried by at least one of said rotatable members for maintaining each of said knives in a vertical attitude during the cutting of the material, said positioning means including a cam means and means for connecting said cam means to said knives to maintain the vertical attitude of said knives during the cutting of the material, said cam means including a cam member having a cam race therein rotatably mounted in each of said rotatable members and a cam follower positioned in said cam race for selectively positioning said connecting means, said cam member being selectively rotated to properly position said cam follower and said connecting means to maintain said knives in a vertical attitude during the cutting of said material.
  • Apparatus for cutting material into predetermined lengths as set forth in claim 3 and further characterized by including means for rotating said cam member in a predetermined relationship to the rotation of said rotatable members.
  • Apparatus for cutting material into predetermined lengths as set forth in claim 4 and characterized by including drive means for synchronously driving said rotatable members and wherein said cut lengths of said material is equal to the circumferential distance between said knives.
  • Apparatus for cutting material fed thereto into predetermined lengths comprising:
  • positioning means carried by each of said rotatable members for maintaining each of said knives in a vertical attitude during the cutting of the material, said positioning means including a cam defining a camrning surface rotatable with respect to said rotatable members, driving means for selectively rotating said cam in a predetermined relation with the rota- 7 8 tion of said rotatable members, and cam follower 2,612,195 9/1952 Rahaim 144309 means connected to said knives and responsive to 3,254,686 6/1966 Boyd et a1.
  • 144-3 XR the movement of said cam to maintain the vertical attitude of said knives during the cutting of the FOREIGN PATENTS material. 5 565,204 11/1932 Germany References Cited 351,211 6/ 1931 Great Britain.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Wood Veneers (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
US56437466 1966-07-11 1966-07-11 Material shear Expired - Lifetime US3455193A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US56437566A 1966-07-11 1966-07-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3455193A true US3455193A (en) 1969-07-15

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US56437466 Expired - Lifetime US3455193A (en) 1966-07-11 1966-07-11 Material shear

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US (1) US3455193A (xx)
DE (1) DE1561624A1 (xx)
FR (1) FR1530987A (xx)
GB (1) GB1148648A (xx)
SE (1) SE336213B (xx)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3707175A (en) * 1970-07-20 1972-12-26 Robert L Propst Method and apparatus for harvesting trees
US3724307A (en) * 1971-02-23 1973-04-03 Mead Corp Synchronous cutter mechanism
US4038893A (en) * 1975-04-08 1977-08-02 Ferag Ag Apparatus for cutting continuously arriving flat structures

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1802554A (en) * 1928-03-10 1931-04-28 United Eng Foundry Co Rotary flying shears
GB351211A (en) * 1929-08-10 1931-06-25 Schloemann Ag Improvements in or relating to shearing machines
DE565204C (de) * 1930-07-05 1932-11-28 Gerhard Rudzki Schere zum Schneiden von laufendem Walzgut mit an zwei sich gegenlaeufig drehenden Trommeln schwenkbar angeordneten umlaufenden Messern
US1960814A (en) * 1933-02-02 1934-05-29 Mesta Machine Co Apparatus for shearing
US2193259A (en) * 1939-06-05 1940-03-12 Morgan Construction Co Shearing apparatus
US2612195A (en) * 1947-08-11 1952-09-30 Peter A Rahaim Process of making improved dowel stock and dowel pins
US3254686A (en) * 1963-01-17 1966-06-07 Timberland Ellicott Ltd Methods and apparatus for harvesting timber

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1802554A (en) * 1928-03-10 1931-04-28 United Eng Foundry Co Rotary flying shears
GB351211A (en) * 1929-08-10 1931-06-25 Schloemann Ag Improvements in or relating to shearing machines
DE565204C (de) * 1930-07-05 1932-11-28 Gerhard Rudzki Schere zum Schneiden von laufendem Walzgut mit an zwei sich gegenlaeufig drehenden Trommeln schwenkbar angeordneten umlaufenden Messern
US1960814A (en) * 1933-02-02 1934-05-29 Mesta Machine Co Apparatus for shearing
US2193259A (en) * 1939-06-05 1940-03-12 Morgan Construction Co Shearing apparatus
US2612195A (en) * 1947-08-11 1952-09-30 Peter A Rahaim Process of making improved dowel stock and dowel pins
US3254686A (en) * 1963-01-17 1966-06-07 Timberland Ellicott Ltd Methods and apparatus for harvesting timber

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3707175A (en) * 1970-07-20 1972-12-26 Robert L Propst Method and apparatus for harvesting trees
US3724307A (en) * 1971-02-23 1973-04-03 Mead Corp Synchronous cutter mechanism
US4038893A (en) * 1975-04-08 1977-08-02 Ferag Ag Apparatus for cutting continuously arriving flat structures

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1148648A (en) 1969-04-16
FR1530987A (fr) 1968-06-28
SE336213B (xx) 1971-06-28
DE1561624A1 (de) 1971-11-04

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