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US3416881A - Process and apparatus for treating a continuous length of synthetic textile fabric for the purpose of making the material softer, less glossy and more voluminous - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for treating a continuous length of synthetic textile fabric for the purpose of making the material softer, less glossy and more voluminous Download PDF

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Publication number
US3416881A
US3416881A US493509A US49350965A US3416881A US 3416881 A US3416881 A US 3416881A US 493509 A US493509 A US 493509A US 49350965 A US49350965 A US 49350965A US 3416881 A US3416881 A US 3416881A
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Prior art keywords
textile fabric
belt conveyor
shrinking
bath
liquid
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US493509A
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English (en)
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Nordmann Rene
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Ultrasona AG
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Ultrasona AG
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
    • D06M13/402—Amides imides, sulfamic acids
    • D06M13/432—Urea, thiourea or derivatives thereof, e.g. biurets; Urea-inclusion compounds; Dicyanamides; Carbodiimides; Guanidines, e.g. dicyandiamides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B13/00—Treatment of textile materials with liquids, gases or vapours with aid of vibration
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B3/00—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating
    • D06B3/10—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating of fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C21/00—Shrinking by compressing
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C7/00—Heating or cooling textile fabrics
    • D06C7/02—Setting
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
    • D06M10/02—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements ultrasonic or sonic; Corona discharge
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/07—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with halogens; with halogen acids or salts thereof; with oxides or oxyacids of halogens or salts thereof
    • D06M11/11—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with halogens; with halogen acids or salts thereof; with oxides or oxyacids of halogens or salts thereof with halogen acids or salts thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/38—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic Table
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/51—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with sulfur, selenium, tellurium, polonium or compounds thereof
    • D06M11/55—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with sulfur, selenium, tellurium, polonium or compounds thereof with sulfur trioxide; with sulfuric acid or thiosulfuric acid or their salts
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/08—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with halogenated hydrocarbons
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/12—Aldehydes; Ketones
    • D06M13/127—Mono-aldehydes, e.g. formaldehyde; Monoketones
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/144—Alcohols; Metal alcoholates
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/152—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen having a hydroxy group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
    • D06M13/392—Nitroso compounds; Nitro compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2710/00—Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2710/06—Combustion engines, Gas turbines
    • B60W2710/0666—Engine torque

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a process for treating a continuous length of synthetic textile fabric for the purpose of making the material softer, less glossy and more voluminous.
  • the fabric to be treated may be knitted or woven fabric, or a fabric made by any other of the methods utilized in the textile industry for the manufacture of fabrics.
  • Fabrics made from synthetic yarn material such as polyamides, acrylonitriles, acetates and triacetates, polyesters and polyvinyl chlorides while having excellent properties in many respects, suffer from the drawbacks, as compared with fabrics from natural yarn material of vegetable or animal origin, that they have a hard touch and a rather glossy appearance. Besides, they have poor heat insulating properties and will only absorb or adsorb very small quantities of moisture.
  • a phenol solution of 38% has up to now primarily been used for the treatment of polyamides, but many others may come into consideration, depending on the type of synthetic textile material, eg for polyamides: phenol derivatives, concentrated acids such as hydrochloric acid or concentrated formic acid; for acrylonitriles: alkali solutions, concentrated mineral acids, dimethyl formamide; for acetates and triacetates: acetone, formic acid, acetic acid or phenols; for polyesters: strong alkali solutions, sulfuric acid, or phenol; for polyvinyl chlorides: acetone, trichloroethylene, nitrobenzene, chloroform or phenol.
  • the filaments or fibres are spread apart between the intersecting or linking points of the textile pattern, whereby a great number of small cavities are formed between the individual filaments or fibres, which cavities will give the thread as a whole somewhat more flutfy contours, whereby the fabric becomes more voluminous and less glossy, and will also contribute towards increasing the heat insulating and moisture adsorbing or absorbing properties.
  • the textile fabric is passed through the shrinking bath in a path of movement extending under a perforated belt conveyer immersed in the bath, the speeds of supply and removal of the textile fabric to and from the shrinking bath and the speed of movement of the belt conveyor being so mutually adjusted that practically no tensile stresses occur in the textile fabric, and the latter is caused to follow a path of movement extending substantially along the underside of the belt conveyor.
  • the textile fabric will engage the underside of the perforated belt conveyor over the major part of its travel through the shrinking bath at an engagement pressure which is so small as not to prevent the textile fabric from freely following the shrinking effect to which it is subjected, while on the other hand the engagement pressure is sufficiently great to keep the textile fabric flatly spread so that the formation of folds and other irregularities is avoided.
  • the belt conveyor is made sufficiently open, it will not prevent the free penetration of shrinking liquid to and through all surface portions of the textile fabric.
  • the pull in the textile fabric which may be kept very low because the textile fabric is pulled forwards by the belt conveyor over the major part of its traveland the bouyancy of the textile fabric as a consequence of the air carried along by the textile fabric when it dives into the shrinking bath.
  • the optimum utilization of both of these factors may be obtained, according to the invention, by conducting the process in such a manner that the textile fabric is guided by means of the belt conveyor in a path of movement extending downwards at an inclination in the major part of. the length of the shrinking bath so that, while the textile fabric is travelling alone with the belt conveyor, the latter will continuously tend to press the textile fabric further downwards in the bath against the influence of the forces tending to keep it afloat.
  • the textile fabric may be supplied to the upper side of the return run of the belt conveyor adjacent the reversing position thereof, thereby to be fed into the shrinking bath together with the belt conveyor whereby a uniform and controlled immersion of the textile fabric into the shrinking bath is obtained.
  • the textile fabric may be exposed, in the first part of its path of movement along the underside of the belt conveyor, to ultrasonic waves emitted directly towards the surface of the fabric.
  • a further contribution towards keeping the textile fabric in light engagement with the belt conveyor may be obtained, according to the invention, by producing a circulation of shrinking liquid in the shrinking bath from an inlet zone below the belt conveyor to an outlet zone above the belt conveyor and back through an external circulation system with a circulation pump.
  • the circulation of the shrinking liquid serves an additional purpose besides promoting the washing of all surface portions of the textile fabric with the shrinking liquid and ensuring the uniform concentration of the shrinking liquid throughout the bath, which is necessary in order to obtain uniform results of treatment.
  • the textile fabric After having left the shrinking bath, the textile fabric may, according to the invention, advantageously be carried further forwards on the upper side of a second perforated belt conveyor, and while being so conveyed being washed with washing liquid, which is supplied from above and discharged under the belt conveyor. In this manner, a considerably more efficient washing of the textile fabric may be obtained than by pulling the textile fabric through one or more washing or rinsing baths.
  • the textile fabric While travelling on top of the second belt conveyor, may be washed with washing liquid of varying composition and/or temperature, viz, in such a manner that the washing liquid, which is supplied in the first zone of travel is hottest and preferably contains a neutralizing or penetrating agent, while the washing liquid supplied in the last zone of travel is coldest and preferably consists of pure water.
  • the washing liquid which is discharged under a zone of the path of movement of the fabric on top of the second belt conveyor may advantageously be used, according to the inventionupon heating and admixture of a neutralizing or penetrating agent, if desired-as washing liquid in a preceding zone of the path of movement. In this manner, the washing is carried out in counter current to the travel of the textile fabric whereby a good economy is obtained.
  • the apparatus also relates to an apparatus for carrying out the process described.
  • the apparatus comprises a vessel for receiving shrinking liquid, a perforated belt conveyor mounted in said vessel, said belt conveyor running across guiding rollers adjacent the ends of said vessel, feeding means for supplying a continuous length of textile fabric to one end of said vessel, withdrawing means for withdrawing the textile fabric from the other end of said vessel, and means for driving said feeding means, said withdrawing means and said belt conveyor at speeds adjusted relative to one another in such a manner that a continuous length of textile fabric may thereby be caused to travel in a practically tension-free state in a path from said feeding means substantially along the underside of the lower run of said belt conveyor and then to said withdrawing means.
  • FIG. 1 diagrammatically shows a longitudinal section through one end of an apparatus constructed in accordance with one embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 a corresponding section through the other end of the apparatus
  • FIG. 3 a section of the bottom of the vessel forming part of the apparatus illustrated
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 plan views of the parts of the apparatus illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 respectively, the textile material to be treated being omitted in these figures.
  • 1 is a vessel containing a shrinkage liquid, such as a phenol solution of a concentration of 3-8% up to a prescribed level 2.
  • a perforated belt conveyor 3 which runs across a roller 4 at the feeding end of the vessel and a roller 5 at the exit end of the vessel.
  • the roller 4 is partly submerged under the liquid level 2.
  • the roller 5 is arranged at a lower level than the roller 4, so that the lower run of the belt conveyor extends downwards at an inclination in the direction of movement of the belt conveyor, which is marked by an arrow, while the upper run 7 extends at an inclination upwards through the liquid and extends above the liquid level 2 in the zone immediately adjacent the roller 4.
  • the belt conveyor 6 may e.g. consists of a wire netting of a relatively open structure.
  • a perforated supply tube 8 for shrinking liquid Adjacent the feeding end of the vessel 1, a perforated supply tube 8 for shrinking liquid is arranged approximately at the bottom of the vessel, and adjacent the exit end of the vessel a perforated discharge tube 9 for shrinking liquid is arranged immediately below the water level 2, said-tubes 8 and 9 extending in substantially the whole width of the vessel 1.
  • an external circulation system 40 comprising a circulation pump 41 leads to the tube 8, so that a continuous circulation of the liquid in the vessel 1 is produced from the feeding end towards the exit end in a direction obliquely upwards through the lower run 6 of the belt conveyor.
  • the circulation system may comprise a filter 42 for taking up impurities, particularly such as float on the liquid surface and are sucked with the liquid into the discharge tube 9.
  • a dosage apparatus 43 for shrinking liquid may be connected to the circulation system and this may be controlled by a liquid level feeler in the vessel 1 so as to continuously keep the liquid in the vessel 1 at the prescribed level.
  • the shrinking liquid supplied by the dosage apparatus 43 is mixed into the circulating shrinking liquid before entering into the vessel 1.
  • the circulation system may further comprise heating means 44 serving to keep the shrinking liquid at a predetermined temperature, e.g., about 60 C.
  • a feeding mechanism which in the embodiment illustrated consists of an idle guiding roller 69, a driven smoothing roller 10, a driven pair of feeding rollers 11 and a driven depositing roller 12, the latter being located above the portion of theupper run 7 of the belt conveyor 3 present above the liquid level 2.
  • the smoothing roller 10 is constructed in known manner with a right hand screw thread over one half thereof and a left hand screw thread over theother half thereof, so that the conveying action of the said screw threads on a textile fabric will tend to stretch the fabric in the transverse direction and to straighten out any marginal-folds.
  • the pair of feeding rollers 11 are pressed-against one another at a pressure such as to be be smooth or be constructed with a plurality of blades by means of which it deposits the textile fabric on the upper run 7 of the belt conveyor 3 immediately adjacent the roller 4.
  • the belt conveyor 3 is driven at a linear speed of movement which is somewhat less than the peripheral speed of the pair of rollers 11, such as will be explained in further detail below.
  • 13 is a supply roller from which a textile fabric 14 is pulled off by means of the pair of feeding rollers 11 across guiding rollers 15 and 16 as well as the guiding rollers 69 and the smoothing roller previously mentioned.
  • a driven withdrawing roller 17 is mounted at the exit end of the vessel.
  • the textile fabric After having been deposited on the upper run of the belt conveyor 3 by means of the depositing roller 12, the textile fabric travels along with the belt conveyor around the roller 4 and then along the lower run 6 of the belt conveyor and around the roller 5 from which it continues upwards in a steep path to and around the withdrawing roller 17.
  • the peripheral speeds of the pair of feeding rollers 11, the depositing roller 12, and the withdrawing roller 17 and the speed of travel of the belt conveyor are to be adjusted very accurately relative to one another depending on the degree of shrinking of the textile fabric.
  • This adjustment may e.g. take place by means of well-known continuously variable transmissions and/ or separate variable speed motors.
  • An example of driving means permitting of the required adjustments, is diagrammatically illustrated in FIG. 4.
  • 45 is a variable speed electric motor which through a step-down gearing 46 and a chain drive 47 drives the roller 4 of the belt conveyor 3.
  • the motor 45 drives the depositing roller 12 by way of a so-called variator 48, i.e., a continuously variable transmission, and one of the driving rollers 11 is likewise driven through the variator 48 by way of a chain drive 49.
  • a second variable speed electric motor 51 drives the withdrawing roller through a step-down gearing 52.
  • the peripheral speed of the roller 17 is to be equal to the peripheral speed of the pair of feeding rollers 11 multiplied by the shrinkage factor, i.e., the proportion of shrunk and nonshrunk length of the fabric, and the linear speed of the belt conveyor 3 is to be approximately the same as but preferably somewhat less than the peripheral speed of the roller 17.
  • the said speeds should be adjusted in an absolute sense so as to obtain the desired time of treatment, or in other words the desired time of travel of the textile material through the bath. This time will depend on the nature of the textile material to be treated and the nature and concentration of the shrinking bath and should preferably be within the range of 412 seconds.
  • the mutual adjustment of the speeds is performed in such a manner that the textile fabric in a substantially tensionfree state lightly engages the underside of the lower run 6 of the belt conveyor 3 in the major part of the length thereof.
  • the buoyancy of the textile fabric under the influence of air carried along with same, and the liquid circulation in the shrinking bath contribute towards establishing the said light engagement.
  • the textile fabric may depend somewhat from the belt conveyor at the feeding thereof, seeing that in this zone the textile fabric has not yet been substantially shrunk and therefore has a higher linear speed than the belt conveyor.
  • a battery of ultrasonic transducers is arranged, the emitting surfaces 18 of which are directed towards the lower run 6 of the belt conveyor and thereby towards the zone of the textile fabric where the shrinkage treatment is initiated.
  • the ultrasonic waves emitted will travel predominantly in a direction perpendicular to the emitting surface while the intensity of the emission in other directions will decrease with the angle of departure from the perpendicular direction.
  • the major portion of the power emitted will be present within an emitting cone having its apex approximately in the emitting surface.
  • the emitting cone within which the intensity is above 90% of maximum may have an apex angle of 57 (or for of maximum the apex angle may be With the arrangement of the ultrasonic transducers illustrated in FIG.
  • pulsed or intermittent ultrasonic waves has the great advantage that a much higher peak value may be used than in the case of continuous waves Without damaging the fabric.
  • a vessel 19 which by means of vertical partitions 20 and 21 is subdivided into three collecting tanks 22, 23, 24.
  • a perforated belt conveyor 25 extends above the said collecting tanks, said belt conveyor running across rollers 26 and 27 and having a circulating direction opposite to that of the belt conveyor 3.
  • the textile fabric continues its travel across a guiding roller 28 to the upper run of the belt conveyor 25 at the output end of which there is mounted a withdrawing mechanism comprising various guiding rollers and a pair of wringing rollers 29, which are driven from a variable speed electric motor 54 at a speed controlled by means of a tensionfeeling roller 30.
  • the belt conveyor 25 is driven from the electric motor 51 through a chain drive 50 and a variator 55 at a speed which is so adjusted relative to the speed of the withdrawing roller 17, e.g., by means of a tensionfeeling roller-for which purpose the roller 28 may be used-that the fabric supported on the belt conveyor is not subjected to tensile stresses.
  • a plurality of overflow troughs 31-35 are arranged above the upper run of the belt conveyor 25 and extend in the transverse direction of the apparatus.
  • Each overflow trough may be made from sheet metal bent to the shape illustrated in FIG. 2, and closed by end plates at both ends, to form an open channel with inclined outer side walls along which liquid supplied to the trough may overflow.
  • the overflow trough 31 is provided with a perforated supply pipe 56 at the bottom thereof, which supply pipe is connected to a cold water supply line 57. Similar supply pipes are arranged at the bottom of the troughs 32-35.
  • the overflow troughs 32 and 33 are connected with the collecting tank 22 by means of a circulation system 58, and the overflow troughs 34 and 35 are connected with the collecting tank 23 through another circulation system 59.
  • the collecting tank 24 is connected with a waste pipe line 60. Liquid overflowing the side walls of the overflow troughs 31 to 35 flows through the textile fabric supported on the belt conveyor 25, thereby washing said textile fabric, and is collected in the collecting tanks present under the belt conveyor. Thus, in the last zone of its path of movement, the textile fabric is washed with cold water from the overflow trough 31.
  • a cord which extends through the apparatus in the same path as that provided for the textile fabric, and then back in a path above the bath across a plurality of guiding rollers 37.
  • Such a cord may be provided at either side of the apparatus. They serve to facilitate the starting up of a new length of textile fabric, the corners of the frontmost end of the length of textile fabric being temporarily connected with the two cords, this connection being again interrupted when the textile fabric has been pulled through the pair of wringing rollers 29.
  • a process for treating a continuous length of synthetic textile fabric for the purpose of making the material softer, less glossy and more voluminous in which process the textile fabric is subjected to treatment in a strongly attacking shrinking bath, while at the same time being subjected to ultrasonic waves, and is immediately thereafter washed with a washing liquid that may contain a neutralizing agent for the shrinking liquid, characterized in that the textile fabric is passed through the shrinking bath in a path of movement extending under a perforated belt conveyor immersed in the bath, the speeds of supply and removal of the textile fabric to and from the shrinking bath and the speed of movement of the belt conveyor being so mutually adjusted that practically no tensile stresses occur in the textile fabric, and the latter is caused to follow a path of movement extending substantially along the underside of the belt conveyor.
  • a process as in claim 1 or 2 characterized in that the textile fabric is supplied to the upper side of the return run of the belt conveyor adjacent the reversing position thereof and is fed into the shrinking bath together with the belt conveyor.
  • a process as in any of the beforegoing claims characterized in that a circulation of shrinking liquid is produced in the shrinking bath from an inlet zone below the belt conveyor to an outlet zone above the belt conveyor (and back through an external circulation system with circulation pump.
  • a process as in any of the beforegoing claims characterized in that the textile fabric, after having left the shrinking bath, is carried further forwards on the upper side of a second perforated conveyor and, while being so conveyed, is washed with washing liquid which is supplied from above and discharged under the belt conveyor.
  • a process characterized in that the textile fabric, while travelling on top of the second belt conveyor, is Washed with washing liquid of varying composition and/or temperature, viz in such a manner that the washing liquid which is supplied in the first zone of travel is hottest, and preferably contains a neutralizing or penetrating agent, while the washing liquid supplied in the last zone of travel is coldest and preferably consists of pure water.
  • washing liquid which is discharged under a zone of the path of movement of the fabric on top of the second belt conveyor is used, upon heating and admixture of a neutralizing or penetrating agent, if desired, as washing liquid in a preceding zone of the path of movement.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
US493509A 1964-10-12 1965-10-06 Process and apparatus for treating a continuous length of synthetic textile fabric for the purpose of making the material softer, less glossy and more voluminous Expired - Lifetime US3416881A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK502964AA DK114121B (da) 1964-10-12 1964-10-12 Fremgangsmåde ved behandling af en tekstilstofbane af syntetisk filamentgarn, i det øjemed at gøre stoffet blødere, mattere og fyldigere, samt apparat til udøvelse af fremgangsmåden.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3416881A true US3416881A (en) 1968-12-17

Family

ID=8138804

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US493509A Expired - Lifetime US3416881A (en) 1964-10-12 1965-10-06 Process and apparatus for treating a continuous length of synthetic textile fabric for the purpose of making the material softer, less glossy and more voluminous

Country Status (14)

Country Link
US (1) US3416881A (xx)
JP (1) JPS5021599B1 (xx)
AT (1) AT285514B (xx)
BE (1) BE670651A (xx)
CH (2) CH448947A (xx)
DE (1) DE1460452C3 (xx)
DK (1) DK114121B (xx)
ES (1) ES318267A1 (xx)
FI (1) FI41008B (xx)
FR (1) FR1452963A (xx)
GB (1) GB1121370A (xx)
IL (1) IL24409A (xx)
LU (1) LU49619A1 (xx)
NL (1) NL6513103A (xx)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3653806A (en) * 1966-12-15 1972-04-04 Asahi Chemical Ind Treatment of polyamide fibrous material with titanium trichloride
US4503008A (en) * 1982-05-28 1985-03-05 Celanese Corporation Process for producing self-texturing fabric with soft hand

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3722232A (en) * 1969-11-25 1973-03-27 Steiner American Corp Continuous washing apparatus
ITFI980025A1 (it) * 1998-01-27 1999-07-27 Sint S R L Procedimento ed impianto per il lavaggio e per operazioni di trattamento ad umido di tessuti
CN112693893A (zh) * 2020-12-30 2021-04-23 绩溪大会山农特产品开发有限公司 一种粉丝生产用高效冷浴输送机构
CN118788549B (zh) * 2024-09-12 2024-12-20 常州市华洲锻造有限公司 一种超高压汽轮机叶片加工装置

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3653806A (en) * 1966-12-15 1972-04-04 Asahi Chemical Ind Treatment of polyamide fibrous material with titanium trichloride
US4503008A (en) * 1982-05-28 1985-03-05 Celanese Corporation Process for producing self-texturing fabric with soft hand

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1460452A1 (de) 1969-02-27
CH1375465A4 (xx) 1967-07-31
IL24409A (en) 1969-03-27
ES318267A1 (es) 1966-06-16
CH448947A (de) 1968-04-11
DE1460452B2 (de) 1975-05-22
GB1121370A (en) 1968-07-24
DE1460452C3 (de) 1976-01-08
FI41008B (xx) 1969-04-30
CH464840A (de) 1968-11-15
NL6513103A (xx) 1966-04-13
BE670651A (xx) 1966-04-07
JPS5021599B1 (xx) 1975-07-24
AT285514B (de) 1970-10-27
FR1452963A (fr) 1966-04-15
DK114121B (da) 1969-06-02
LU49619A1 (xx) 1967-04-11

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