US3411253A - Strain anchor - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 19, 1968 HIKOITSU WATANABE ETAL 3,411,253

STRAIN ANCHOR Filed Oct. 28, 1965 5 Sheets-Sheet l INV NTORS J15. M w

Nov. 19, 1968 HKKOITSU WATANABE ETAL 3,411,253

STRAIN ANCHOR v Filed vOct. 28, 1965 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 lNVENTOfl mm M BY 3 I" Nov- 19, 9 HIKOITSU WATANABE ETAL 3,411,253

STRAIN ANCHOR Filed Oct. 28, 1965 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 United States Patent 3,411,253 STRAIN ANCHOR Hikoitsu Watanabe, -13 l-chome, Ehara-cho, Nakanoku, and Sanji Genma, 4-8 l-chome, Ehara-cho, Nakano-ku, both of Tokyo, Japan Filed Oct. 28, 1965, Ser. No. 505,560 11 Claims. (Cl. 52158) ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A strain anchor for the ground comprising a resistance plate adapted to be inserted completely into the ground in a first downward direction path. A pulling-up means is operatively connected and projects upwardly therefrom through the ground surface in the inserted position of the resistance plate, and a separate stabilizing plate means for being inserted into the ground and abutting therebelow the resistance plate with a surface thereof positioned cross-wise to the downward direction path, thereby preventing removal of the resistance plate upwardly along the first downward direction path.

The present invention relates to a strain anchor.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an anchor having a strong strain resistivity, and effecting embedment quite easily and being extremely secure in position.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a strain anchor for the ground comprising a resistance plate adapted to be inserted completely into the ground in a first downward direction path. A pulling-up means is operatively connected and projects upwardly therefrom through the ground surface in the inserted position of the resistance plate, and a separate stabilizing plate means for being inserted into the ground and abutting therebelow the resistance plate with a surface thereof positioned cross-wise to the downward direction path, thereby preventing removal of the resistance plate upwardly along the first downward direction path, is provided.

With the above and other objects in view which will become apparent in the following detailed description, the present invention will be clearly understood in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIGURE 1A is a side elevational view of the anchor;

FIG. 1B is a perspective front view thereof;

FIG. 1C is a perspective rear view thereof;

FIG. 2A is a plan view of the stabilizing plate, one of the elements of present invention, shown here in disassembled state;

FIG. 2B is a front view of the stabilizing plate;

FIG. 2C is a perspective front view of the stabilizing plate;

FIG. 2D is a perspective rear view of the stabilizing plate; and

FIGS. 3 through 6 illustrate the modes of operation of the invention.

The present invention relates to an extremely strong strain anchor which is constructed so as to perfectly regulate revolving and shifting conditions of the resistance plate with the aid of a stabilizing plate so that the resistance plate which is embedded in the ground is revolved and shifted under such conditions that its maximum effective resistance area faces straight against the tensile force direction in the ground by best utilizing the resistance against the huge earth pressure encountered during use.

Referring now to the drawings, and more particularly to FIG. 1, the strain anchor of the present invention comprises a rectangular steel resistance plate 1 in which the tip is pointed and the plate is longitudinally bent along its entire length in a suitable circular arc form, so as to facilitate driving the plate into the ground along an arcuate path. A directional plate 2 is fixed perpendicularly to the longitudinal center line of the inner arc face of the resistance plate 1. A reinforcing piece 4 is provided. A driving and pulling-up plate 3 is provided with a pulling-up rod 9, fitted adjacent the rear end thereof, with its other tip being affixed by means of a rivet 6 to the longitudinal central section of the directional plate 2. A controller 8 is provided at the engaging part of the directional plate 2 and the driving and pulling-up plate 3 thereby prevents the driving and pulling-up plate 3 from pivoting parallel to the directional plate 2 and to thus permit maintenance of a maximum spread-out condition wherein no hindrance is developed for the driving operation by the driving and pulling-up plate 3. A stabilizing late support 5 is provided at the rear part of the resistance plate 1 which corresponds to the back side of the rear end of the directional plate 2. At the rear end of the directional plate 2 there is provided a guide plate 7 which is bent in an arc shape in such a manner that the tail-end thereof is located close to the rear end of the driving and pulling-up plate 3.

Since the guide plate 7 is the one whereby a stabilizing plate 10 (FIG. 2), described later, is made to advance in a curved line, it is bent in such a manner as to correspond with the bent face of the stabilizing plate 10. Accordingly, it is of course required to bend the face of the stabilizing plate support 5 at which the stabilizing plate 10 is fixed, so as to correspond with the bent face of the stabilizing plate 10. Thus the correlated bent faces of the guide plate 7, the stabilizing plate support 5 and the stabilizing plate 10 must be in perfect accord with each other.

These elements framed as described above, compose the anchor of the present invention.

Referring now again to the drawings, and more particularly to FIG. 2, the stabilizing plate .10 is made of a rectangular steel plate, with its end being pointed, and is bent in accord with the arc of the guide plate 7 and is provided with bands 11 and 12 in mutually separated positions at a properly selected portion on the longitudinal center line in the external arc face thereof. A reinforcing plate 13 is disposed on the lengthwise center line in the inner arc face. Elements 3 and 9 constitute a pulling-up means.

It is vitally important in this case that the band 11 alone is fitted lightly so as to be easily detached by collision with other parts caused by impact at the time of drive-in.

Now the mode of operation of the present invention is set forth. First, as illustrated in FIG. 3, the rear end of the driving and pulling-up plate 3 is struck with a hammer or the like to drive the anchor body into the ground, with the resistance plate 1 following along dashed line 14 which is a continuation of the arc of the resist ance plate 1. During its path of travel the earth above the resistance plate 1 is not displaced except for the portions displaced by the plates 2 and 3, which plates 2 and 3 are disposed in a vertical plane perpendicular to plate 1 and which remove little earth above plate 1. Then the stabilizing plate 10 is engaged with the guide plate 7 exposed above the earth surface by means of the bands .11 and 12 and then hit in an optional way to be driven into the ground. The stabilizing plate 10 enters the ground along the arcuate path of the guide plate 7 until the band 11 reaches the directional plate 2 (FIG. 4) and displaces no earth above the upper face of the plate except that displaced by the reinforcing plate 13. But the band 11 comes off easily with the impact, allowing the plate to proceed farther on, until finally the band 12 strikes adjacent the directional plate 2, whereat the insertion of plate 10 is completed since the band 12 is solidly fixed. The stabilizing plate 10 now rests at the tail ends of the resistance plate 1 and the directional plate 2, respectively, in such a condition that the entire effective resistance area faces straight thereto.

Under these conditions, when a pulling-up force P is placed on the driving and pulling-up plate 3 through the pulling-up rod 9, the force is immediately resolved into force components A and B, as illustrated in FIG. 5, causing the resistance plate .1 to shift in the manner as shown in FIG. 6. That is, the plate 1, which would otherwise tend to pass upwardly along the path 14 (FIG. 3) along which it entered the ground and along which path 14 it displaced some earth, instead would be prevented from such upward movement by the plate 10 which is oriented cross-wise to the tail or upper end of plate 1, and which plate 1 is prevented from movement in the direction of force A by the earth above the plate 10, which earth above plate 10 was not dislocated by the provision of the present invention of subsequent entry of plate 10 into the ground after the plate 1 was first inserted.

The stabilizing plate is fixed at the tail end of the resistance plate in such manner that the maximum effective resistance surface of the stabilizing plate faces directly the lengthwise direction of the resistance plate, causing the resistance plate to immediately revolve and shift when a pulling force is exerted thereon, whereby the huge anti-strain strength is instantly obtained without permitting the resistance plate to be pulled backwards along the path along which it was inserted into the ground due to the upward tension caused by the pulling force. Thus an enormous anti-strain strength is provided and the desired objective for an anchor is perfectly realized.

While I have disclosed one embodiment of the present invention, it is to be understood that this embodiment is given by example only and not in a limiting sense, the scope of the present invention being determined by the objects and the claims.

We claim:

1. A strain anchor for the ground comprising an elongated resistance plate having a substantial surface area adapted to be inserted completely into the ground in the plane of its elongated direction in a first downward direction path,

a pulling-up means operatively connected to said resistance plate and projecting upwardly therefrom through the ground surface in said inserted position of said resistance plate,

a single separate, stabilizing plate means having a substantial surface area for being inserted into the ground to a position abutting therebelow said resistance plate and including a surface thereof positioned cross-wise to said first downward direction path, thereby preventing removal of said resistance plate upwardly along said first downward direction path, and

said stabilizing plate means for being inserted into the ground in a direction perpendicular to its surface in a second downward direction path crossing said first downward direction path.

2. The strain anchor, as set forth in claim 1, wherein said stabilizing plate means is operatively connected to said resistance plate in said inserted position.

3. The strain anchor, as set forth in claim 2, wherein said operative connection of said stabilizing plate means to said resistance plate is a pivotal connection.

4. The strain anchor, as set forth in claim 2. wherein said pivotal connection of said stabilizing plate means to said resistance plate is at the uppermost end of said resistance plate.

5. The strain anchor, as set forth in claim .1, further 5 comprising a guide plate connected to said resistance plate and projecting therefrom in said inserted position upwardly to adjacent the ground surface, and

means for slidably connecting said stabilizing plate means to said guide plate adjacent the ground surface.

6. The strain anchor, as set forth in claim 5, wherein said guide plate is connected to said resistance plate cross-wise to said elongated direction.

7. The strain anchor, as set forth in claim 6, wherein said resistance plate is arcuately curved along its length and including a pointed end for insertion into said ground,

said guide plate being curved and its curve constituting said second downward direction path,

said stabilizing plate means is curved complementary to that of said guide plate and includes a pointed end for insertion, and

said guide plate being connected to said resistance plate at the other end of the latter.

8. The strain anchor, as set forth in claim 7, wherein said resistance plate is substantially rectangular,

a directional plate perpendicularly secured to the inner curved surface along the longitudinal center line of said resistance plate,

said pulling-up means comprises a straight elongated driving and pulling-up plate pivotally connected at one end centrally to said directional plate and parallel thereto and a pulling-up rod connected to the other end of said driving and pulling-up plate and extending through the ground surface in said inserted position,

said guide plate aligned substantially in the same plane as said directional plate,

said stabilizing plate means substantially forming a rectangle smaller than that of said resistance plate,

a reinforcing plate perpendicularly secured to the inner curved surface along the longitudinal center line of said stabilizing plate means, and

two bands connected to the other curved surface on the longitudinal center line of said stabilizing plate means and spaced from each other and adapted to be slidably connected to said guide plate.

9. The strain anchor, as set forth in claim 8, wherein one of said bands is positioned releasably adjacent said pointed end of said stabilizing plate means,

a stabilizing plate support secured longitudinally to the outer curved surface on the longitudinal center line of said resistance plate at said uppermost end thereof and adjacent to said guide plate, forming a continuation of the curve of said guide plate and abutting the outer surface of said stabilizing plate means when the latter is in the inserted position,

said inner surface of said stabilizing plate means being substantially perpendicular to said first downward direction path in said inserted position, and

said longitudinal center line of said stabilizing plate means being cross-wise to said first downward direction path.

10. The strain anchor, as set forth in claim 9, wherein said guide plate is bendably connected to said resistance plate.

11. The strain anchor, as set forth in claim 10, wherein said guide plate is curved centrally toward said driving and pulling-up plate, and

a controller plate means is secured to said directional plate adjacent said driving and pulling-up plate for preventing the latter from becoming parallel to the length of said resistance plate.

(References on following page) 5 6 References Cited 1,580,605 4/1926 Johnson 52--163 UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,821,125 9/1931 ThOl'll 52-163 ff HENRY c. SUTHERLAND, Primary Examiner. Burns ;t a 1. 52-163 5 R. s. VERMUT, Assistant Examiner.

Fielding 52163

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