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US3394905A - Shotgun bullet - Google Patents

Shotgun bullet Download PDF

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Publication number
US3394905A
US3394905A US514850A US51485065A US3394905A US 3394905 A US3394905 A US 3394905A US 514850 A US514850 A US 514850A US 51485065 A US51485065 A US 51485065A US 3394905 A US3394905 A US 3394905A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
bullet
guide
ring
projectile
annular
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US514850A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Rapp Reinhold
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dynamit Nobel AG
Original Assignee
Dynamit Nobel AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dynamit Nobel AG filed Critical Dynamit Nobel AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3394905A publication Critical patent/US3394905A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B7/00—Shotgun ammunition
    • F42B7/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with propellant charge and missile
    • F42B7/10—Ball or slug shotgun cartridges

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A shotgun projectile having a forward bore engaging guide ring closely adjacent to the forward most end and a rear bore engaging sealing and guide ring for engaging the bore of the shotgun closely adjacent to the rearward most end. A central body portion to be spaced from the bore and form an annular gap therewith connects the two rings.
  • the forward guide ring ends in a sharp edge.
  • a plurality of inclined channels extend through the forward ring to spin the projectile during firing.
  • the rear ring in cludes a plastic ring to be forced outwardly against the bore by the propellant gases and preferably provided integral with a cup-shaped liner spaced from the adjacent walls of the remaining portions of the projectile to provide for free radial expansion of the plastic ring.
  • Shotgun bullets are known in various constructions, of which especially those have become accepted which are provided with a bullet jacket of lead or lead alloy, constructed essentially hollow and closed off at the forward end by means of a bottom which is conically, spherically, or similarly outwardly curved or protrudes over the entire cross section of the end face, whereby the bullet jacket or casing is provided along its circumference with a number of guide bars or strips extending at uniform distances either parallel or obliquely to the shell axis, which guide bars or strips pass over into a ring-shaped collar constructed or formed at therear end of the bullet jacket or envelope.
  • a shotgun bullet with a conical, spherical, ogival, or similar tip and with a central hollow space extending from the rear end thereof as well as with guide surfaces along the circumference thereof, to construct the guide surfaces as an annular, cylindrical, chamfer at the forward bullet end and to provide at least one, preferably, however, several guide rings of saw-tooth-like, trapezoidal, rectangular, undulated or similar crossv section at the rear end of the bullet and to constrict the bullet between the forward guide surface and the rearward guide surface or guide surfaces over its entire circumference, preferably initially conically reduced from in front to the rear and thereupon again conically enlarged.
  • the transition from the forward guide surface to the frontal end surface with a sharp edge by constructing the area of the end surface adjoining the guide surface as ring-shaped recess.
  • the bullet is able to adapt itself more readily within the area of its forward guide means during the passage through the barrel so that correspondingly a smaller formdeformation work is to be carried out and therewith lesser frictional forces are to be overcome, which becomes noticeable in the form of a higher bullet velocity and bullet energy; on the other hand, this sharp edge produces during impact of the bullet on the animal cut hairs in the desired manner.
  • the forward guide surface comes to lie very far forwardly whereby a large distance between the forward and the rear bullet guidance can be achieved so that the bullet is guided within the barrel over a relatively large length and therewith is guided particularly well and accurately.
  • Shotgun barrels have, as is known, no riflings and no lands so that no angular momentum is imparted to the bullets during the passage through the barrel insofar as special measures are not provided.
  • the known bullets having guide strips or bars arranged at the circumference,
  • This measure by means of which a higher penetrating force is to be imparted to the bullet, ma also serve for the purpose of displacing the center of gravity as far forwardly as possible for achieving a so-called fin-stabilized projectile or bullet and therewith to improve and increase the flight stability of the bullet. It is also thinkable in the sense of a pure reinforcement to provide the tip of a bullet made, for example of lead, lead alloy, or also zinc alloy, for instance, with a brass core.
  • the hollow space of the bullet is provided with a thin-walled lining of springy, yielding material, for example, of thermoplastic material, and thereby the rear end of the lining is constructed, for instance, as a flange terminating flush with the outer diameter of the bullet guide ring, and overlapping the rear end surface of the bullet toward the outside.
  • this ring flange is achieved, if within the area of the rear end of the bullet, between the wall of the hollow bullet space and the outer surface of the lining, an annular gap is formed which extends over a more or less large axial length. It may thereby be quite suflicient to construct the outer surface of the ring flange as smooth cylindrical surface. It is, however, more advantageous if the ring flange, with a corresponding axial length thereof, is constructed with one or several guide rings corresponding essentially in shape and dimension to the bullet guide rings.
  • Another object of the present invention resides in a shotgun bullet which is characterized by increased firing accuracy with reduced frictional resistance during the passage of the bullet through the gun barrel.
  • a further object of the present invention resides in a shotgun bullet which offers considerably improved flight stability.
  • Still another object of the present invention resides in a shotgun bullet which exhibits a larger bullet energy and therewith an improved flight velocity.
  • Still a further object of the present invention resides in a shotgun bullet which not only entails a reduced frictional resistance but also excels by higher penetrating force and greater flight stability coupled with the possibility of an adaptation of the location of the center of gravity to the most varied conditions.
  • FIGURE 1 is an elevational view, partly in cross section, through a bullet in accordance with the present invention provided with a tip reinforced by means of a core;
  • FIGURE 2 is an elevational view, partly in cross section, through a modified embodiment of a bullet in accordance with the present invention provided with a liner for the hollow space of the bullet.
  • reference numeral 1 designates therein the tip of the bullet, made, for example, of thermoplastic material, e.g., of polyethylene.
  • the core 2 consisting, for example, of lead is arranged within the tip 1, which, in the illustrated embodiment, is molded or injected into the tip.
  • the bullet end surface 3 passes over by means of the angularly shaped recess 4 into the cylindrical forward guide means or cylindrical guide surface 5 Whose diameter corresponds to the caliber of the bullet.
  • the conical tapered reduction 6 adjoins the rear end of the guide surface 5 and the conical enlargement 7 adjoins the tapered reduction 6.
  • the conical enlargement 7 passes over at the rear end thereof into the saw-tooth-like guide rings 8 whose edge 9 is arranged on a diameter corresponding to the bullet caliber.
  • a central hollow space 10 is closed off against the core 2 by means of the intermediate bottom 11.
  • the bullet end face 3 is connected within the area of the recess 4 with the constriction area 13 by way of the channels 12 distributed over the circumference in a more or less large number which are inclined in the same direction and spaced at uniform distances from one another.
  • the hollow space or recess 10 of the bullet is provided with the cup-shaped liner 14 made of springy, yielding material, for example, of thermoplastic material such as polyethylene or the like.
  • the lining end 15 is provided along the outer circumference with guide rings 17 of a saw-tooth-like shape constructed in the same manner as the rear guide rings 8 of the bullet.
  • the annular gap 19, which conically tapers in the for-ward direction, is left within the rear area of the bullet body between the wall of the hollow space 10 of the shell and the outer surface 18 of the liner 14 so that within this area the possibility exists for the lining 14 to abut against the wall of the hollow space 10 of the bullet by the utilization of the play or lost motion provided by the annular gap 19 whereby the guide rings 17 may abut or press correspondingly firmly against the wall of the gun barrel (not shown).
  • the conical enlargement 7 of the bullet body may also, for example, be so constructed that it extends rectilinearly up to the diameter corresponding to the bullet caliber.
  • the bullet tip 1 may also be constructed as a cone.
  • a projectile for firing from the bore of a shotgun and having a longitudinal axis generally aligned with the intended flight path comprising: a projectile body having a forward end and a rearward end, with respect to the intended flight direction, and a rearwardly opening recess at the rear end; said projectile body including a forward body portion and an annular sealing ring means at the rearward end; said ring means having a radially inwardly facing propellant pressure receiving surface at least partially defining said recess; and said ring means being of a substantially more resilient material than said forward body portion and being mounted on said forward body portion for relative free lost motion movement radially outward with respect to said longitudinal axis under the force exerted by the propellant pressure acting on said surface.
  • the projectile according to claim 1 including a rearwardly opening cup-shaped member integral with said ring means and extending forwardly therefrom; said forward body portion having an annular wall portion forward of said ring means and radially outward of said recess; said cup-shaped member at least partially defining said recess and being radially spaced inwardly from said annular wall portion directly adjacent to said ring means defining a free annular expansion gap therebetween, in the unstressed condition of the projectile.
  • said forward body portion includes a rear guide and sealing ring forwardly of and abutting against said ring means for relative sliding engagement during the lost motion.
  • said forward body portion includes a rear guide and sealing ring forwardly of and abutting against said ring means for relative sliding engagement during the lost motion.
  • said forward body portion includes a forward guide ring at the forward end and has an outer annular surface extending between and being radially spaced inwardly with respect to said forward guide ring and said ring means.
  • the projectile according to claim 6, including a rearwardly opening cup-shaped member integral with said ring means and extending forwardly therefrom; said forward body portion having an annular wall portion forward of said ring means and radially outward of said recess; said cup-shaped member at least partially defining said recess and being radially spaced inwardly from said annular wall portion directly adjacent to said ring means defining a free annular expansion gap therebetween in the unstressed condition of the projectile.
  • the projectile according to claim 8 including means for spinning said projectile about the axis during firing, having a plurality of channels through said forward guide ring inclined with respect to a plane passing through the longitudinal axis and providing communication between the space forward of said forward guide ring and the space between said ring means and said forward guide ring.
  • a projectile for firing from the bore of a shotgun having a longitudinal axis generally aligned with the intended flight path, a forwardmost axial end and a rearwardmost axial end, comprising: annular rear guide means closely adjacent to the rearwardmost end; annular forward guide means closely adjacent to the forwardmost end; central body means for rigidly and securely holding said guide means together during firing and until the projectile strikes a target, and being generally spaced radially inward with respect to said guide means; a tip, defining the forwardmost end, being rigidly and securely connected to said forward guide means for travel therewith to the target; means for spinning said projectile about the longitudinal axis during firing, having a plurality of channels through said forward guide means inclined with respect to a plane passing through the longitudinal axis and providing communication between the space forward of said forward guide means and the space between said guide means.
  • a projectile for firing from the bore of a shotgun having a longitudinal axis generally aligned with the intended flight path, a forwardmost axial end and a rearwardmost axial end, comprising: annular rear guide means closely adjacent to the rearwardmost end; annular forward guide means closely adjacent to the forwardrnost end; central body means for rigidly and securely holding said guide means together during firing and until the projectile strikes a target, and being generally spaced radially inward with respect to said guide means; a tip defining the forwardmost end and being rigidly and securely connected to said forward guide means for travel therewith to the target; said rear guide means and said central body means forming a central rearwardly opening recess; said forward guide means including an annular forwardly opening recess and a cylindrical outermost surface forming therebetween, in axial cross section, an acute angle.
  • a projectile for firing from the bore of a shotgun having a longitudinal axis generally aligned with the intended flight path, a forwardmost axial end and a rearwardmost axial end, comprising: annular rear guide means closely adjacent to the rearwardmost end; annular forward guide means closely adjacent to the forwardmost end; central body means for rigidly and securely holding said guide means together during firing and until the projectile strikes a target, and being generally spaced radially inward with respect to said guide means; a tip defining the forwardmost end and being rigidly and securely connected to said forward guide means for travel therewith to the target; said rear guide means and said central body means forming a central rearwardly opening recess; said rear guide means, forward guide means, and central body means being integrally constructed of synthetic plastic; said tip comprising an inner relatively heavy core and an outer synthetic plastic enclosure integral With said central body means.
  • a projectile for firing from the bore of a shotgun and having a longitudinal axis generally aligned with the intended flight path comprising: a projectile body having a forward end and a rearward end, with respect to the intended flight direction, and a rearwardly opening recess at the rearward end; said projectile body including a forward body portion and an annular sealing ring means at the rearward end; said ring means having a radially inwardly facing propellant pressure receiving surface at least partially defining said recess; a rearwardly opening cup-shaped member integral with said ring means and extending forwardly therefrom mounting said ring means on said forward body portion for relative free lost motion movement radially outwardly with respect to said longitudinal axis under the force exerted by the propellant pressure acting on said surface; said forward body portion having an annular wall portion forward of said ring means and radially outward of said recess; said cupshaped member at least partially defining said recess and being radially spaced inwardly from said annular wall portion

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
US514850A 1964-12-22 1965-12-20 Shotgun bullet Expired - Lifetime US3394905A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DED0046113 1964-12-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3394905A true US3394905A (en) 1968-07-30

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US514850A Expired - Lifetime US3394905A (en) 1964-12-22 1965-12-20 Shotgun bullet

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3394905A (xx)
FR (1) FR1461078A (xx)
GB (1) GB1114608A (xx)
NL (1) NL6514247A (xx)

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3732826A (en) * 1971-04-09 1973-05-15 E Johnson Cartridge
US4063511A (en) * 1976-07-21 1977-12-20 Bullard James M Spinning shot gun projectile
US4249465A (en) * 1977-07-09 1981-02-10 Josef Ballmann Projectile
US4296893A (en) * 1977-07-09 1981-10-27 Josef Ballmann Projectile with spin-producing flow passages
US4413564A (en) * 1981-05-01 1983-11-08 Brown Worthy H Slug for a shotgun shell
JPS60148900U (ja) * 1984-03-06 1985-10-03 船津　常雄 弾丸
JPS61101299U (xx) * 1984-11-30 1986-06-27
US4779535A (en) * 1987-10-16 1988-10-25 Nagatoshi Maki Slug assembly for shotgun shotshell
WO1992003693A1 (en) * 1990-08-23 1992-03-05 International Shooter Development Fund, Inc. Match-grade rifle cartridge with improved components
US5535730A (en) * 1993-04-30 1996-07-16 Earth Resources Corporation Apparatus and methods for removing hazardous contents from compressed gas cylinders
US5715803A (en) * 1993-04-30 1998-02-10 Earth Resources Corporation System for removing hazardous contents from compressed gas cylinders
US5826631A (en) * 1984-11-08 1998-10-27 Earth Resources Corporation Cylinder rupture vessel
US5868174A (en) * 1997-07-28 1999-02-09 Earth Resources Corporation System for accessing and extracting contents from a container within a sealable recovery vessel
US5900216A (en) * 1996-06-19 1999-05-04 Earth Resources Corporation Venturi reactor and scrubber with suckback prevention
US6164344A (en) * 1997-07-28 2000-12-26 Earth Resources Corporation Sealable recovery vessel system and method for accessing valved containers
US6240981B1 (en) 1993-05-28 2001-06-05 Earth Resources Corporation Apparatus and method for controlled penetration of compressed fluid cylinders
US20090064887A1 (en) * 2005-10-13 2009-03-12 Udo Winter Cartridge

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2502323B1 (fr) * 1981-03-18 1986-02-14 Ricolvi Armand Perfectionnements aux balles
GB2131925B (en) * 1982-12-13 1986-04-30 James Henry Thomas Harrington Projectile
GB2269654B (en) * 1992-08-11 1995-08-30 Hugh Edward Earl A method of preventing the buildup of deposits of plastics material in a choked and rifled barrel of an air,gas or spring gun
RU2477438C1 (ru) * 2011-10-13 2013-03-10 Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Ижевский механический завод" Имитатор патрона

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2110264A (en) * 1929-12-24 1938-03-08 Franka Gerlich Bullet
US2559955A (en) * 1946-11-26 1951-07-10 Harlow H Hartwell Projectile
GB777324A (en) * 1952-02-04 1957-06-19 Hugo Abramson Improvements in and relating to projectiles
US3058420A (en) * 1960-04-26 1962-10-16 Canadian Ind Slug-loaded shotgun cartridge
US3063376A (en) * 1959-11-12 1962-11-13 Powell Edward Baden Slug for shotgun
US3154016A (en) * 1961-01-12 1964-10-27 Albert W Frey Ballistic projectile

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2110264A (en) * 1929-12-24 1938-03-08 Franka Gerlich Bullet
US2559955A (en) * 1946-11-26 1951-07-10 Harlow H Hartwell Projectile
GB777324A (en) * 1952-02-04 1957-06-19 Hugo Abramson Improvements in and relating to projectiles
US3063376A (en) * 1959-11-12 1962-11-13 Powell Edward Baden Slug for shotgun
US3058420A (en) * 1960-04-26 1962-10-16 Canadian Ind Slug-loaded shotgun cartridge
US3154016A (en) * 1961-01-12 1964-10-27 Albert W Frey Ballistic projectile

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3732826A (en) * 1971-04-09 1973-05-15 E Johnson Cartridge
US4063511A (en) * 1976-07-21 1977-12-20 Bullard James M Spinning shot gun projectile
US4249465A (en) * 1977-07-09 1981-02-10 Josef Ballmann Projectile
US4296893A (en) * 1977-07-09 1981-10-27 Josef Ballmann Projectile with spin-producing flow passages
US4413564A (en) * 1981-05-01 1983-11-08 Brown Worthy H Slug for a shotgun shell
JPS60148900U (ja) * 1984-03-06 1985-10-03 船津　常雄 弾丸
US5826631A (en) * 1984-11-08 1998-10-27 Earth Resources Corporation Cylinder rupture vessel
JPS61101299U (xx) * 1984-11-30 1986-06-27
US4779535A (en) * 1987-10-16 1988-10-25 Nagatoshi Maki Slug assembly for shotgun shotshell
WO1992003693A1 (en) * 1990-08-23 1992-03-05 International Shooter Development Fund, Inc. Match-grade rifle cartridge with improved components
US5275108A (en) * 1990-08-23 1994-01-04 Endowment Fund Of The International Shooter Development Fund, Inc. Match-grade rifle cartridge with improved components
US5535730A (en) * 1993-04-30 1996-07-16 Earth Resources Corporation Apparatus and methods for removing hazardous contents from compressed gas cylinders
US5715803A (en) * 1993-04-30 1998-02-10 Earth Resources Corporation System for removing hazardous contents from compressed gas cylinders
US6240981B1 (en) 1993-05-28 2001-06-05 Earth Resources Corporation Apparatus and method for controlled penetration of compressed fluid cylinders
US5900216A (en) * 1996-06-19 1999-05-04 Earth Resources Corporation Venturi reactor and scrubber with suckback prevention
US6139806A (en) * 1996-06-19 2000-10-31 Earth Resources Corporation Venturi reactor and scrubber with suckback prevention
US5868174A (en) * 1997-07-28 1999-02-09 Earth Resources Corporation System for accessing and extracting contents from a container within a sealable recovery vessel
US6164344A (en) * 1997-07-28 2000-12-26 Earth Resources Corporation Sealable recovery vessel system and method for accessing valved containers
US6308748B1 (en) 1997-07-28 2001-10-30 Earth Resources Corporation Sealable recovery vessel system and method for accessing valved containers
US20090064887A1 (en) * 2005-10-13 2009-03-12 Udo Winter Cartridge
US8037830B2 (en) * 2005-10-13 2011-10-18 Udo Winter Cartridge

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1461078A (fr) 1966-12-10
NL6514247A (xx) 1966-06-23
GB1114608A (en) 1968-05-22

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