US3394654A - Cartridge - Google Patents

Description

July 30, 1968 CARTRIDGE Filed June 20, 1966 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 FIG.

FIGB

INVENTOR.

HISAO HAYASHI 3,394,654 I 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR.

E x w 1 July 30, 1968 HISAO HAYASHI CARTRIDGE Filed June 20 FEG.6

FIG)? United States Patent 3,394,654 CARTRIDGE Hisao Hayashi, Tokyo, Japan, assignor to Kabushiki Kaisha Kawaguchiya Hayashi Juho Kayaku Ten, Tokyo, Japan Filed June 20, 1966, Ser. No. 558,668 Claims priority, application Japan, Oct. 14, 1965, 40/83,897; Apr. 26, 1966, ll/26,466 7 Claims. (Cl. 102-95) ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A wad type structure for insertion in a shotgun shell casing. It comprises a bottomless cylindrical sleeve and an inwardly collapsable cushion guide. The bottomless cylindrical sleeve has an upper chamber for housing the shot, a middle chamber having a lower stepped portion with a downwardly facing lower surface, and a bottom chamber. The cushion guide has a tubular shaped cushioning part and a dish shaped base portion. When inserted in the shell casing, the cushioning part is positioned within the middle chamber of the cylinder sleeve and the base portion is positioned within the bottom chamber. When so positioned, the base portion is opposed to the lower surface of the step portion, thus preventing the cushion from being dislocated upwardly within the cylindrical sleeve when powder is burned below the base portion.

The present invention relates to a cartridge with such system that a cushion guide (cushion) is inserted into an inner tube from its rear end.

The first characteristic of the present invention lies in combined use of an inner tube made of such elastic and flexible material as, for example, thermoplastic synthetic resin and a cushion guide also made of elastic and flexible material, and thereby making them act integrally at the time the cartridge is fired, thus improving an impact onto a shoulder.

The second characteristic lies in that the cushion guide is made of a cushioning part of tubular shape and a disk form base and said disk form base engages with the inner tube so that the cushion guide is prevented from being dislocated upwardly in the inner tube.

Thus, the cushion guide in the inner tube will not jump out of the tube when the cartridge is fired, thereby avoiding mistaking the jumped out material for a right-hitting of a target by shots, and furthermore, the degree of concentration of shots will be enhanced.

The third characteristic of the present invention is that the tubular shape cushioning part of the cushion guide is provided with through holes of any desired sectional shape (which go through the cushioning part) in a lateral direction and which are adequately arranged in parallel, so that the cushion guide will have a satisfactory elasticity in a vertical direction.

The fourth characteristic of the present invention lies in the fact that in the cushion guide both sides of the bottom of the tubular shape cushioning part are made to stick out externally so that neck parts are formed in a step like shape between the cushioning part and the disk shape base in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the above mentioned through holes, thus a ring shape projection also of a step like shape provided circumferentially on an inside wall of the inner tube elastically engages with said step shape neck parts, preventing the cushion guide from being dislocated out of the position in the inner tube not only in an upward direction but in a downward direction.

3,394,654 Patented July 30, 1968 This facilitates the manufacturing of cartridges by preventing the inner tube from being dislocated when shots are charged onto the cushion guide within the inner tube, and at a same time amount of shots charged can be controlled to be constant.

The fifth characteristic of the present invention is that out of the lateral through holes of the cushioning part of the cushion guide at least the holes at both sides are provided at their bottom with thin plate supporting material made of elastic and flexible material and made integrally with the inside of the through holes, thereby the bottom portion of the tubular shape cushioning part is maintained with its prescribed dimension, preventing it from crushed in a lateral direction.

This assures that the tubular shape cushioning part of the cushion guide is surely engaged with the ring shape projection circumferentially provided on the inside wall of the inner tube.

The sixth characteristic of the present invention is that both the disk shape base of the cushion guide and the circumferential inside wall of the inner tube corresponding thereto are so tapered that they are splayed towards the bottom and they are taper engaged each other.

Therefore, at the time the cartridge is fired, the disk shape base works to expand the inside diameter of the inner tube, causing said inner tube to be firmly pressed against the inside of the cartridge case, thus preventing leaking of the gas pressure generated by explosion of powder between the cartridge case and the inner tube, giving sufficient thrust or propulsive force to the cushion guide.

The seventh characteristic of the present invention is that upper ends of the through holes of the tubular cushioning part are also provided with thin plate supporting material integrally made therewith preventing the through holes from being crushed in a lateral direction.

Other objectives and characteristic of the present invention shall be made clear by the embodiments shown below.

FIGS. 1-3 show one embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 1 is a vertically cross-sectioned view of a cartridge, FIG. 2 is an elevation of a cushion guide, and FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view of an inner tube. And FIGS. 4-7 show another embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 4 is a cross-sectioned elevation of a cartridge, FIG. 5(a) is an elevation of a cushion guide (cushion), FIG. 5(b) is a cross-section taken along line AA of (a), FIG. 5(0) is a cross-section taken along line BB of (a), FIG. 5 (d) is a cross-section taken along line CC of (a), FIG. 6 is a schematic dia gram of the cushion guide, FIG. 7(a) is a plan for an inner tube, and FIG. 7(b-) is vertical cross-sectional view thereof.

One embodiment of the present invention shall be described in reference to FIGS. 1-3. In FIG. 1, 1 is a cartridge case, 2 is powder housed at the bottom of the cartridge case 1, 3 is a primer provided at a center hole of the bottom of the cartridge case 1, and an inner tube 4- of a construction shown in FIG. 3 is inserted over the powder 2.

The inside of the inner tube is formed with, from top to bottom, an upper shots housing room 5, a stepped portion 8, a middle room 6 for housing a cushioning part of a cushion guide with narrower inside diameter, a lower stepped portion 8', and a bottom room 7 for housing a base of the cushion guide with wider inside diameter.

The circumferential inside wall of the room 5 is so tapered as to narrowing towards the bottom, and the circumferential inside wall of the room 7 is so tapered as to splaying towards the bottom for facilitating an insertion of the cushion guide 9.

On the other hand, the cushion guide 9 is a moulded body with such flexible material as, for example, synthetic resin, wherein a cylinder like shape cushioning part 12 with narrower diameter is connected to, through a stepped portion 11, a disk shape base 10.

Through holes 13 in a lateral direction having any desired sectional shape are provided in parallel at the cylindrical cushioning part 12, giving said part an elasticity in a vertical direction.

When the cushion guide 9 is inserted into the inner tube 4 from its bottom, the cushioning part 12 is fitted into the room 6 while the base 10 is inserted into the room 7, and at this time, the stepped portion 10 of the cushion guide 9 engages with the stepped portion 8 of the inner tube 4, thereby preventing the cushion guide 9 from being dislocated out of the inner tube -4 from its upper end.

Shots 14 are housed in the room 5 of the inner tube 4 into which the cushion guide 9 is inserted from its bottom.

Since, in the present device with the above mentioned system, the cushion guide 9 is inserted into the inner tube 4 from its bottom and is prevented from being dislocating upwardly by its engagement with the inner tube 4, the cushion guide 9 will not, at the time the cartridge is fired, jump out of the inner tube, avoiding the mistaking of the jumped out material for right-hitting of a target by shots, and it is effective in enhancing a concentration of shots 14.

At the same time, as the cushion guide 9 having the cushioning part 12 works integrally with the inner tube 9 at the time when a cartridge is fired, the shock given to the shoulder is improved compared to the conventional shotgun cartridges of this type.

Another embodiment of the present invention shall be described in reference to FIGS. 47. In FIG. 4 2-1 is a cartridge case made of metallic sheet material, 22 is powder contained at the bottom of the cartridge case 2-1, 2-3 is a primer provided at the bottom center hole of the cartridge case 21, and an inner tube 24 made of synthetic resin and having flexibility shown in FIG. 7 is inserted over the powder 22.

The inner tube 2-4 is vertically open through as shown in FIG. 7 and having, at its inside, from top to bottom, a tapered surface 25 where the wall thickness is made gradually thinner towards the upper end, an uniform wall-thickness surface 26, a ring shaped projection 27, a tapered surface 28 where the wall thickness is made gradually thinner towards the lower end, and a vertical slit 29 extending from upper end down to the middle of the tube.

A cushion guide 210 which is inserted from the bottom of the inner tube 24 consists of, as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, a disk shape base 211 and a tubular shape cushioning part 212 which is integrally made and extending above the base 211.

This cushioning part (212) is provided with left, right and middle through holes 2-13 which is excavated through in one direction, and the lower ends of the left and right side wall of the cushioning part 212 stick out, being gradually splayed out towards the bottom and formed into projections 2-14, thus forming neck portions 215 between said projections and the disk shape base 211.

At the bottom of the left and right through holes 213, thin plate supporting material 216 is integrally moulded at the same plane with the left and right projections 214, and also at the upper ends of left, right and middie through holes 2-13, thin plate supporting material 2-17 is integrally moulded.

Therefore, when the cushion guide 2-10 is inserted into inner tube 2-4 from its lower end, the cushion guide 210 is engaged with the inner tube (A) with the ring shape projection 27 being engaged with the neck portion 2-15, and shots 2-18 are charged over the cushion guide 2-10 in the inner tube 24. At this time, a portion of powder 22 naturally gets into the bottom of the cushion guide 210 within the inner tube 2-4.

A gap formed between the base 211 of the cushion guide and the ring shape projection 27 of the inner tube 22 is shown by 2-19, and when the cartridge is loaded into a shotgun the projections 214 engages with the top of the projection 27, while the cushion 210 moves, when the cartridge is fired, to such position that said gap is eliminated, that is, the position where the base 211 engages with the projection 27.

What is claimed is:

1. A wad type structure for insertion in a shell casing of a shotgun shell employing shot, comprising a bottomless cylindrical sleeve which has an upper chamber for housing the shot, a middle chamber having a lower stepped portion with a downwardly facing lower surface, and a bottom chamber, and a separate one piece inwardly collapsable cushion guide comprising a tubular shaped cushioning part and a disk shaped base portion havinga diameter greater than the tubular portion of said cushion part; said cushioning part being positioned within said middle chamber and said base portion positioned within said bottom chamber and opposed to the lower surface whereby the cushion is prevented from being dislocated upwardly within the cylindrical sleeve when powder is burned below said base portion.

2. A wad type structure as claimed in claim 1 in which the cushion portion of the cushion guide has an outer diameter sufficiently smaller than the inner diameter of the cylindrical shell to leave a space therebetween for the escape of air therethrough.

3. A wad type structure as claimed in claim 1 in which both the cylindrical sleeve and the cushion guide are made from an elastic and flexible material whereby they act integrally when the cartridge is fired.

4. A wad type structure as claimed in claim 1 in which the upper portion of the upper chamber of the cylindrical sleeve is so tapered as to splay towards its upper end.

5. A wad type structure as claimed in claim 1 in which the disk shaped base of the cushion guide and the circumferential inside wall of the bottom chamber of the cylindrical sleeve corresponding thereto both have engaging tapered surfaces splaying out towards the bottom of said cylindrical shell. 1

6. A wad type structure as claimed in claim 1 in which the cushion guide contains holes arranged in parallel and extending through said cushioning portion in a lateral direction whereby the cushion guide will have satisfactory elasticity in a vertical direction.

7. A wad type structure as claimed in claim 6 in which the cushioning portion has said lateral holes positioned at least at both side and at opposite ends, and a thin sup-' porting plate made of an elastic and flexible material positioned at least within said lastmentioned holes extending transversely of said lastmentioned holes, whereby the end portions of the tubular shaped cushioning portion are prevented from being crushed in a lateral direction.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,211,100 10/1965 Clark 102-95 3,266,421 8/1966 Comerford 10295v 3,283,720 11/ 1966 Foote et al 102-95 X 3,285,174 11/ 1966 Moehlman et a1 10242 ROBERT F. STAHL, Primary Examiner.

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