US323619A - alldeedice - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet;

W. ALLDERDICE.

MACHINE FOB. DRAWING METAL RODS 0B. BARS.

No. 323,619. Patented Aug. 4, 1885 TM JZ N. PETERS. Phouruwognpher, wuninmw. D. C.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2. W. ALLDERDICE.

MACHINE POR DRAWING METAL RODS OB BARS.

No. 323,619. Patented Aug. 4, 1885.

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W. ALLDERDICE.

MACHINE FOR-DRAWING METAL RODS 0R BARS.

No. 323,619. c Patented Aug., 4, 1885.

N. FEYERS. Phono-Lnmguphnr. wnmmgxm u. C.

{No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

W. ALLDBRDICE.

MACHINE POR DRAWING METAL RODS OR BARS.

No. 323,619.4 Y Patented AugD 4, 1885,

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UNITED STATES PATENT EEieE..

VINSLOV ALLDERDICE, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIG-NOR TO THE AGNIHV SIIAFTING COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

-MACHINE FOR DRAWING METAL RODS OR BARS.

SPECLFICATION` forming part of Letters Patent No. 323,619, dated August 4, 1885.

Application tiled April 2, 18M. (No model.)

To mf?, whom 13b 17mg/ concern:

Be it known that l, Winston' ALLDEEDICE, ot' Chicago, in the county ot' Cool; and State of illinois, have invented certain new and use- Ytul Imlrirovements in Machines ttor Drawing Metal Rods or Bars; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

rl`his invention relates to machines for drawing metal shafting or heavy rods or bars through suitable dies for the purpose of conipressing the metal, finishing the surface,l and securing a uniform diameter of the shalt erred throughout its length.

rlhe object of the invention is to provide a construction by which the drawn shaft or rod shall he not only of uniform diameter and properly finished, but also perfectly straight, so that additional n'xachinery for the purpose ot' straightening the' Shaft after drawing may be dispensed with, or at least the labor of subsequent straightening very materially reduced.

The invention consists in the several 1natters hereinafter set forth, and pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings7 Figures l and 2 together present a side elevation of my improved nur chine, showing the ends only, the central portion being broken out. Fig. 3 is aplan View, on a smaller scale, similarly broken away be tween the ends of the machine. Figs. 3' and 3 are longitudinal sections showing the end hearings of the carriage-propelling screws. Fig. 4 is a plan View of the carriage which carries the drawingjaws, with a suhjacent part et the stationary machine. Fig. 5 is a v Artieal transverse section of the carriage and subjacent parts ot' the machine in line x x of Fig. 4, and lookingin the direction ofthe arrow on said line. Fig. 6 is a detail in vertical transverse section in the line e z of Fig. 4. Fig. 7 is a vertical transverse section in the lineg/ g/ of Fig. et. Fig. S is a fragmentary vertical section in the axis of the die when-in place in the machine. Fig. 9 is a side View ol' one of the nuts of the carriage, looking at its inner face. Fig. 10 is a front end view oi' the nut shown in Fig. 9. Fig. Il is a plan or top View of the nut shown in Fig. 9. Fig. l2 is a transverse Vertical section of the nut in line of Figs. 9 and 10. Fig. '13 is a transverse vert-ical section of a carriage in a line corresponding to the line x a: of Fig. l, said carriage of Fig. 13 difi'ering from thatshown in Fig. liin matt-ers concerned in throwing the jaws inward. Fig. 1l isaeentralverticalseetien of one of the supports of the carriage propelling screws taken in a line transverse to the screw, or in line e" .fr of Fig. l5. Fig. l5 is a top View of one of the screw-supports shown in section in Fig. 14.

Heretofore in machines for drawing heavy metal rods or shading no attempt has been made to producel a perfectly straight product in the act of drawing it, or by devices bywhich the drawing is effected, but only to produce the desired uniformity in transverse dimensions and a proper or approximate degree of surfaeeinish. It has, in fact, been usually found that the shaft after leaving the drawing-machine would be less straight than before; and all suehdrawn shaftinghas hitherto been subjected to the action of special devices for the purpose of straightening it in order to tit the product for use.

This invention proceeds en the assumption that if the rod is properly guided to and from the die, if the die is of proper const-rnet-ion, and if the drawing-strain is applied and continued accurately in the prolonged axis of the die, the drawn rod will be straight. To these ends provision is made in the machine herein described for supporting the die in fixed axial relation to the drawing mechanism, for giving the gripping-jaws of the drawing devices a. movement accurately in line with the prolonged axis of the die, and for sustaining the drawn part of the shaft in a straight line against the action of gravity. The desired means for supporting the undrawn part of the rod in the prolonged axis ofthe die, or practically so, may also be included in the mechanism proper; or it may be a separate structure of any suitable kind properly arranged l`or the purpose. The die is preferably of such length in its more contracted working part or aperture as to insure against lateral offsets or deflections that might otherwise arise from unequally-dense places in the surface of the rod being drawn, though such defects being absent the aperture of the die need not be of excessive length.

Referring to the drawings, A A represent a strong rectangular frame or bed of the desired length permanently supported on suitablyiirm foundations ,a a, Figs. l and 2.

A are two uprights, located at one end ofthe bed and on opposite sides thereof, for the rigid support of the die-block B. (Seen in dotted lines of Figs. 1 and 2, in top view in Fig. 3, and in central vertical section in Fig. 8.) Said uprights A are joined, as here shown, by a heavy cross-piece, c3, cast in the same piece therewith.

C C are two heavy parallel screws arranged abovethe side pieces of the bed A, and supported at one end in the uprights A', and at the other in bearings at C C on the opposite end of the machine.

C2 C2 are fixed supports for the screws C, located at suitable points in the length of the latter, and rising from the subjacent bed or frame. D is a central table resting on orsupported by the bed A in any manner suitable for permanence, but in the present instance provided with heavy lateral flanges d, fitted and fastened upon the frame A, and connected with the more elevated table D by the vertical flanges or webs d. l The table D is planed true on its upper surface, said surface being intended to support the drawn shaft, or drawn part of the shaft, in an accuratelystraight line against the operation of gravity after it has left the die.

E is a carriage resting and sliding on the bed A,(or flanges dof the A table D, asthe case may be,) and laterally guided, as herein shown, by the outer faces of the vertical portion of the surfaces of the plate D d d, the guiding and supporting surfaces for said carriage being planed true and straight, so that said carriage will move accurately straight and parallel with a central line in the surface of the table D. rlhe carriage E is drawn by engagement with the screws C C, as indicated in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, the depending and female threaded parts or nuts E of said carriage being slotted at e on their under sides to give passage for the standards of the xed screwsupports C?, hereinafter more fully described.

E2 E2 are two gripping-jaws attached to the carriage E for the purpose of seizing the end of the shaft and drawing itv forward through the die B.

As shown in the present drawings, the carriage is composed of two originally separate parts, E, callec nuts,77 severally provided with interior screw-threads to t the screws C, and firmly joined together by means ofa heavy top plate, E, bolted to their upper surfaces. To receive the jaws E2 the upper inner portions of said nuts E are cutaway-or recessed,

as indicated in Figs. 9 to 12, inclusive, andthe pivot-pins c, upon which said jaws vibrate, are let down through the top plate,E, through the jaws, and intothe body ofthe nuts, in which position thepins are heldby caps or heads secured by screws to the top plate in the man'- ner indicated in Figs. 4 and 6.

The jaws E2 are operated by means contrived to insure their equal and simultaneous move ment toward the central line of the table D when they are brought into engagement with the rod, and to permanently hold the said jaws and rod in such position during the drawing movement of the carriage. Said jawoperating devices aret also contrived (with other parts) to afford fr ee passage between the jaws and beneath the top plate of the carriage for a rod that has been drawn. As one suitable means for operating the jaws E2, Figs. 4, 5, and 7 of the drawings show opposite slides, Et, arranged in transverse recesses ez of the nuts E', and made to bear against the outer sides of the jaws El, as more plainly shown in Fig. 5. The outer ends of the slides are provided with upwardly-directed projections e, in which are fitted the oppositelythreaded ends of the shaft E5, centrally supported and held from longitudinal movement by means of the stationary bearings and shoulders e* c in an obvious manner.

In Fig. 13 another suitable construction is shown for advancing the jaws E2, in which the rotary shaft is provided with long pinions e5, which mesh with wheels on the right and left screws el, threaded through the nuts E', in position to bear against the jaws EZ. To retract the jaws, springs may be employed in any approved manner, one form of their application being illustrated in Figs. 4 and 7 ,wherein esrare contractile coiled springs IOO having one end of each attachedto the projecting end of one of thejaws, and the other end fastened to the adjacent face of the nut E. By thus locating the springs, instead of placing them between the jaws,as would otherwise be done, the desired free space is left between the said jaws for the drawn rod, which is left resting on the table D while the carriage is being returned to the head of the machine.

The gripping ends of the jaws E2 are desirably provided with movable steel jaw-plates E6, the inner or hidden surfaces of which engage projections upon the jaws proper, as indicated in dotted lines of Fig. 4. Said jaw-plates are preferably provided with horizontal notches e, one opposite the other, intended toreeeive the neck formed on the end of the rod to be drawn, and to thus afford moieextended` bearing upon the head of said rod.- The jaw-plates are vertically adjustable, in order that while the reduced end of the rod or shaft is held in the notches e the body of the shaft may rest on the table D. The devices for this adjustment (shown ,in the drawings) consist of clampingscrcws el", Figs. 4 and 7, passing down- IIO IIS

structed washers e, thelatter being provided in suitable numbers and of Vdifferent thick-l nesses to give the desired variations in elevation of the jaws to suit the different sizes of shafts desired to be drawn.

The die-blocks B employed in the machine:

are all of equal dimensions, and are fitted to set down between the rear flanges, a', on the uprights A and the front plate, o2, the former supporting the die-block against draft upon the shaft being drawn. 1n the front plate setscrews i) b are fitted, which press 'the accurately-shaped block B rml y back against the adjacent surfaces of the ilanges c7, which are trued carefully to a plane at right angles with the planed surface ot' the tableV D. A central space or opening, b', is provided in the iront plate, c, opposite the die proper, B', and at the bottom a wide opening or space, Z1?, is also provided to admit a suitable teinplet orliner, 152, by which the lowermost surface ofthe dieaperture is brought accurately in line with the surface of the table D.

lt is proposed, as a desirable construction, to make the die-blocks fordrawing different sizes of shafts ot the saine height from the bottom to the axis of the die, and to provide a series of liners, B, severally equal in thickness to halt the diameter ol" the aperture of the die with which it is to be used, so that the liner will bring the bottom of the die-opening into line with the table D, as stated.

Cl are supports for the screws C, located at proper points to sustain said screws and to keep them straight. Said supports consist each of a sleeve and a standard or shank. The sleeve is externally of less diameter than the screw exclusive ot' the thread, and is fitted to embrace a neck or suitably-reduced portion of the screw-shaft. as indicated clearlyin Fig. 7. The sha-nl; or standard ot' this screw-support is screwthreaded, and passes through the iianges d, being vertically'adj ustable by means of nuts above and below the flange in the familiar manner shown in Figs. 1, 5, and 7. The slot c in the nut gives passage to the latter over the standard, and the sleeve of the screwsupport otters no obstruction to the passage of the nuts of the carriage along the screw by reason of the small exterior diameter thereot'. The nut E ot' the carriage, being unich longer than the sleeve, is not interrupted by the lat-ter in its engagement with the screw. The screw-support G is of course made in two parts to admit of its application to the reduced part of the screw. I prefer to divide said support verticallyr in the central plane of the shank, as indicated in Figs. 7, 14, and 15, one of the meeting-faces being tongued and the other correspondingly grooved, as shown at c2, Figs. l-zt and 15. To give greater strength to the sleeve, binding-straps ci* cross the joint tlush with the outer surface ot' the sleeve and are held by short strong screws c* or otherwise. The ends of the screws C C are deslrably mounted in the uprights A, or in the transverse part a3 of -the casting, ot' which said upright-s in this instance forni a part, and somewhat as shown in Fig. 3, in which a removable plate is set and pinned in the bottom of the bore which receives the end of the screw-shaft. Another removable plate is pinned to the end of said shaft, and two loose circular washer-plates, smaller than the bore, are interposed between said pinned plates, this being a familiar construction not of my invention. The opposite or rearends ot' the screws are reduced and mounted in bearings in the cross-beam at the opposite end ot' the machine, as indicated in Fig. 3".

In order to divide the end-thrust of the screws between t-he bearings at their opposite ends, the driving-pinions c c, Fig. 3", are splined on the shafts C, and are held by external nuts,whichmay in turn be held by set screws. Between the inner faces ol' the pinions cc and the bearing-boxes c5 are interposed washers c", by change of which the two screws may be separately adjusted, and also by means ot' which the effect of friction may be remedied in the usual way. As a novel device for supply-ing oil to the bearing-surfaces at this point, the pinions o are provided with iianges ci, which extend inward beyond the washers, and which are interiorly hollowed to forma chamber for the retention of the lubricant. Oil may be introduced into this chamber through a hole stopped by a plug, as indicated at o8 in Fig. 8. The screws C C are driven harmoniously by means of the equal pinions c, secured to the screw-shafts, an idle-spur, c', Fig. 2, meshing with both pinions, and any further gear that may be desired to give the required speed or power. ln Fig. 2 the driving-shaft CB is employed, which is provided with two unequal belt-pulleys, on the smaller one of which the belt will be twisted to reverse the motion and increase the speed in returning the carriage E.

YThe devices above described are obviously constructed to apply and maintain the draftupon the rod or shaft accurately in the prolonged axis of the die, and to support the drawn portion of the shaft accurately inthe line of draft. In addition to these provisions, l also employ means for supporting the undrawn part ot' the rod in line with the die, in order that no spring of the rod may extend into the die and produce a curve in the shaft as it emerges from the latter.

Any' suitable devices may be used to hold the rod straight ou its way tothe die. ln

Fig. 1 is shown one groovcd wheel, F, of a series set near each other and on the same level with cach other and with the table D. Said wheels may be mounted on a prolongation of the bed A, as shown,or independently supported.

Olcoursc a table may be em- ICO IIO

ployed in place of said wheels, together with lateral guides for the rod, answering to the flanges of the grooved rolls; and, if desired, upper grooved rollers (indicated in dotted lines of Fig. 1) may be used in opposition to the rollers F or their equivalent table to more perfectly hold the rod straight as it advances to the die. The die proper, B, Fig. 8, should have its aperture in its narrower portion of length equal to or greater than its diameter.

lVith respect to the general features of my invention, I wish it to be expressly understood that I am not limited to the specific devices herein shown, as other means may be employed for the special purposes of the several individual mechanisms shown. For example, a gripping mechanism, operating in suitable guides, may be drawn by a chain or rope and drum, and instead ot' a continuous plane table, D, a series of rollers may be employed whose upper surfaces are in line with each other and with the lower surface of the dicaperture.

In order that the rod as it emerges from the die may not be deflected by the gripping-jaws, which are constructed to apply the draft in the prolonged axis of the die, the reduced neck on the rod, which gives the head by which the said jaws hold and draw the rod, should be accurately concentric with the axis of the rod. Any special machinery may be employed to thus form the neck.

I claim as my invention- 1. The combination,withadie,a die-support, and nieans,substantiallyasdescribed,forappl ying the draft ou the rod in the prolonged axis of the die,of a guiding-support constructed to uphold the undrawn part of the rod in the prolonged axis of the die, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. The combination, with a die and a support which holds the die with its axis in a horizontal position, of a table arranged in line with the lower surface of t-he die-apertu re, and traveling gripping devices constructed to apply the draft in the prolonged axis of the die, substantially as described.

3. The combination,with the die and a support therefor, of carriage ways or guides, two parallel screws for actuating the carriage, and a carriage tted to the ways and provided with nuts or interorly-threaded parts fitted to the screws, substantially as set forth.

4. In a machine for drawing rods, the conibination, with a die, horizontal carriageguides, and means, substantially as described, for actuating the carriage, of a support for upholding the drawn part of the rod in a horizontal position, and gripping-jaws on the carriage constructed to bear laterally on the rod while said rod lies upon its said support, substantially as described.

5. The combinatiomw'ith a carriage having an interiorly-threaded part or nut provided with an open slot extending to the threaded passage, of an actuating-screw fitted to said nut, anda stationary support for the screw,

constructed and arranged to pass through the .1

slot in the movement of the carriage, substantially as described.

6. The combination, with the slotted and interiorly-threaded carriage and the actuating-screw, of a sleeve embracing a reduced part of the screw, and a standard supporting said sleeve from a stationary part of the machine, substantially as described.

7. The combination, with other parts of an operative machine for drawing rods, of two parallel screws for actuating the drawingcarriage, and a drawing-carriage composed of two interiorly-threaded nuts, a plate or part rigidly joining said nuts, andjaws mounted on said carriage for gripping the rod, substantially as described.

8. The combination, with the rigid parts of the carriage, and means, substantially as described, for actuating the carriage, of grippingjaws pivoted thereto, right-and-left screws, arranged to bear on said jaws, a rotating shaft parallel with said screws, and connecting-gears whereby the screws are simultaneously and equally turned when the shaft is rotated, substantially as set forth.

9. The combination, with the central table, D, and-lower side supports or ways for the carriage, of two screws, C C', arranged over the ways, a carriage composed of nuts E', and a junction-plate, E, and rod-gripping jaws, attached to the carriage in position to hold the rod while the latter rests on'the table, substantially as described.

10. The combination, with the gripping- IOO jaws, of vertically-adjustable jaw-plates, substantially as described.

11. The combination, with the grippingjaws, of vertically-movable j aw-plates, vertical set-screws securing said plates to the jaws,

and washers interposed between part-s of the plates and the jaws, substantially as described.

12. The combination, with suitablesupporting parts, A, of a plate, D d d, having its-central part elevated, as shown, and a carriage constructed to tit said plate, and provided with gripping-jaws adapted to hold the rod while the latter rests on the said central elevated part, substantially as described.

13. The combination, witharod-support, D, and die-supports A, of a die-block, B, having a die, B, and a removable liner, B2, substantially as described.

14. The combination, with uprights A', provided with shoulders or flanges a', of a plate, ai, secured to the uprights, and clampingscrews b, substantially as described.

15. In combination with the screws C C and their bearings c5, the ixedly-attached drivingpinions c c, provided with interiorly-recessed annular tlangescl, and washers interposed between the pinions and the bearings c5, and within the flanges c7, substantially as described.

16. The combination, with a table or similar support for the drawn rod, of a reciprocating IIO ISO

carriage carrying` rod-gripping devices, and4 constructed to afford a through-passage for the rod, whereby the carriage may return over the drawn rod substantially us described.

17. The combination, with the table and carriage having zt through-passage for the drawn rod, of devices for actuating the jaws by engagement with their outer portions, substantially as deecribed, whereby the space between the jaws is left unobstructed, as set io forth.

In testimony that I claim tbe foregoing as my invention I affix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

VINSLON ALLDERDICE. Vitnesses:

M. E. DAYTON, OLIVER E. PAGIN.

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