US319423A - putnam - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

D. C. PUTNAM OSGILLATING ENGINE.

NOJ 19,423.

2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

Patented June 2, 1885 W BY N. PETERS Phno-L'Rhngnphur. Washington. ILC.

ATTORNEYS.

(No Model.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

D. C. PUTNAM.

OSGILLA'TING ENGINE.

FMT

Patented June 2, 1885.

WITNBSSBS: iff/lb.; n

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` yNITE STATES PATENT t FFIE@v4 l Doorn c. PUTNAM, or WAYNE CENTRE, NEW rolex.

osClLLATlNe ENGINE.l

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 319,423, dated June 2, 188:5.

Application filed February l2, 1885. (No mcdel.)

To @ZZ whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, DoUIA C. PUTNAM, of NVayne Centre, in the county of Vayne and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Oscillating Engine, of which the fol lowing is a full, clear, and exact description.

The object of my invention is to provide a simple and efficient valve-motion to actuate the valves of oscillating engines and provide for running the engine crankshaft in opposite directions, and for reversing the motion at will and without the use of eccentrics, commonly employed for the purpose.

The invention consists in certainspecial fea tures of construction of the valve'motion, and in its connections to the valves and the starting, stopping, and reversing lever, all as hereinafter fully described and claimed.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of' this specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the gures.

Figure l is a sectional side elevation of my improved oscillating engine. Fig. 2 isa transverse sectional elevation, the section being taken through the center of the cylinder and steam-chest. Fig. 3 is a detail sectional plan view of the devices for regulating the movev ment of the enginevalves. Fig. 4 is a sectional diagram view illustrating the positions of the cylinder, its valves and connections when the piston is at half back-stroke; and Fig. 5 is a diagram view showing the devices for regulating the movement of the engine-valves in the positions they assume on the completion of the back-stroke of the piston.

The letter A indicates the engine bed or frame, and B is the steam-cylinder, which is journaled by opposite hollow trunnions, C D, in suitable pillow-block standards, A', rising from the bed A. A steamsupply pipe, E, is fitted in the bed A, so as to communicate with the interior of the trnnnion C, from which a live-steam passage, C', leads up to the livesteam space C2 in the steam-chest F, which in the instance shown is arranged on the top of the rocking cylinder B, and an exhauststeam space, D2, in chest F communicates, by a side passage, D,` with the hollow. trunnion D, which discharges the exhaust-steam into a pipe, G, which may convey said steam to a feed-water heater or discharge it into the at mosphere. At the opposite ends of the steamchest F are seated the rocking or rotary valves H I, respectively, and to which steam-ports h t' lead from the steam-space (l2 in the chest F, and the valves H I are cut away at the side, as at h t, so that in rocking axially they connect the opposite ports, HB2, of the cylinderB with the steam and exhaust spaces C2 D2 of the steamchest F. I cnt away the surfaces of valves H I at opposite faces alike, as shown in Fig. 1, so that should one acting face of the valves wear out of order the valves may be turned clear around to use their other sides or faces, and thus form practically new valves.

To the stems of valves H I are connected rigidly the arms H I', which are pivoted at the cylinder stuffing-box b, with the wrist-pin 7 m ofthe crank M, fast on the shaft M', to which the y-wheel or drive-wheel MZ is xed.

To relieve the piston-rod L from bending strains, I connect the wrist-pin m of crank M to a block, L2, which slides in guides L, which are held firmly to the head ot' the cylinder B by braces I L, fixed to opposite ends of the guides, as shown clearly in Fig. 1.

On a pin, a, held to a standard, A2, rising from the bed-frame A, is hung loosely the triangularlyshaped plate N, and so one of its angles faces the enginecylinder B.

Along the sides of the plate N which converge toward the cylinder B are formedthe edge flanges, a a, which converge `but do not touch near the point or end of the plate, and extend forward to form a guide-slot at a2, into which may pass a pin, l?, which is fixed to a block, P', which is adapted to slide'in a slot, q, of an arm, Q, fixed to the adjacent end of the steam-cylinder B. rIhe rear side or part of the plate N has fixed to or formed on it the slotted bar or link N', which is curved in a radius described from the connecting-pin 7c of the rod K, the connecting pivot-pin 7c of Which rod is fast to a block, K,`which is fitted lo slide in the link N,from one end of the link-- ICO slot to its other end, for reversing the motion of the engine, or may be set-at intermediate positions for slower speed in either direction, as hereinafter more fully explained.

On the pin a and against the plate N is hung loosely the plate O, the opposite converging edges, o', of which are shaped so that when is adapted to pass from the guide-slot aas'v presently explained. A spring, R, connected at one end to an arm, O, projecting from the back edge of rock-plate O, andv connected at its other end to a relatively-fixed arm, S,'

projecting in this instance from the bed A or its standard A2, serves to throwthe point ot" of plate Oto reverse sides of the guide-slot n2, as the pin P enters the slot n2 from the opposite guideways, a3 n4. It will be seen that the pin P primarily causes the shifting of the valves H I, as it is swung up and down byV g point o2 of plate o'into the slot a2, and the the oscillation of the engine-cylinder B.

To the block P of pin P i's attached at tone en'd of a rod, T, which, as shown, is bent downward, to allow the block K of valve-rocking bar K to be lowered to the bottom of the slot in link N', and the rod T extends forward and l is bent upward to connect at t with an arm,

u, which is rigidly fixed to a short shaft or pin, u', to which is fixed the starting and stopping lever U, the lower end of which stands about at aright angle with the arm u. The shaft or pin u is journaled in a post or standard, A, which has a series of notches, a3, in its upper part, into the center one of which notches the lever U may be set to stop the engine; or the lever may be set into notches at either side to allow slow or fast speed of the engine in reverse directions.

To control the movements of the Valves H I by and from the lever U, its lower end is connected pivotally to a link-rod, o, which conneets with one arm of an angle-lever, V, pivoted at ai* toa standard, A, and the other arm of the lever V is connected by a link-rod, WV, at 'w with the connecting-rod K. (See Figs. 1 and 2.) With thisconstruction, it will be seen that by shifting the lever U to 'set the block K of the rod K at either end ofthe slot in' link N, or in intermediate positions each side of the link-center, the rod T will at the same time be moved to set the block P and its pin P, so that as the engine is speeded fast or slow the pin P will be carried farther from or nearer to the point o2 of plate O, for giving more or less motion to the valves while admitting steam at both sides ot the piston, and cause the exhaust to open earlier or later, to avoid `'excessive back-pressure on the piston. It will, however, be understood that separate levers or other means for shifting the linkbloek K and the pin-block P independently of each other may be employed.

I now will describe the operation-ofthe valve- A'metieir with 'special referen'cevto Figs. 1, 4, and

5 of the drawings.

ln Fig. 1 the block K is secured at the upper end of the slot of link N', so that the oscillation of the cylinder B will work the valves 't give backward rotation to the engine-crank .about horizontal positions to the right and left of the shaft M the pin P will have reached its extremes of travel backward in' the opposite guideways, ai n, ef plate N, andvwhichever way the crank maybe turning. We will suppose the crank M stands in the, lower vertical position indicated by dotted lines- The piston then will be atvlialfm, Fig. l. stroke, with the cylinder vincl-in ing downward toward the crank, and the pin P, having just moved forward through the lower way, n, of plate N, has escaped from the' A valves H I have their maximum opening to admit live steam past valve H and to exhaust at valve I and as 'the pin P had passed the point o2 of the plate O, which then stands at the upward incline, the springR had acted to swing the plate Oto carryits point against the lower flange, a', of plate N, 'so that as the crank moves forward toward the dotted position m2 the pin P will leave slot n2 andenter the upper guideway, a3, and the pin will continue to move back in way n3 and swing the plates N O downward, the pin reachingits maximum backward, movement when the crank reaches the dotted position m2 and the IOS) forward stroke of 'the piston is completed,

ally withdraw cfrom the way a3, and willv again pass the point o of plate O and enter the slot h2, and move forward a little in the slot vuntil the crank reaches the position ma, which has caused the valve I te open to admit steam as the pistonv begins its back-stroke, the point o2 of plate O then inclining downward, and the plato O has been swung by spring R so its point o2 closes the upper guideway, n3, and while the crank approaches the dotted horizontal position'mt, Fig. 1, the pin P will leave the slot n and enterthe lower guideway, at, and will reach its maximum backward movement-in said slot, and live steam will again be admitted past valve H, and the engine will exhaust at valve I as the piston completes its back-stroke, so as to drive the piston forward again, and as the y crank M continues its movement toward the lower vertical position, m, the pin P will move forward from guideway n* into the sloti, and full opening of valves H I is secured, as before described.

To reverse the engine, it only is necessary to shift the block K to the other side of the center of link N', when the valves will be operated in reverse of the movements above described.

' It will be seen that by shifting the pinblock P' along on slot q closer to the trunnions of the cylinder the valves will have less movement imparted to them by the pin P, and by shifting block P' away from the trunnions the valves will have greater movement, so that the extent of port-openings or lap and lead of the valves may be governed closely for faster or slower movement in either direction and to insure economical use of the steam. v

By the use of my improvement eccentrics for working the valves are dispensed with, and complication avoided in the construction and adjustment of parts of the valve-motion.

It is evident that the valveoperating mechanism,consisting ofthe rocking plates N O,link N', spring It, or its equivalent, and the arm Q, pin P, block K', and rod K, will operate equally well if arranged at the other end of the oscillating steam-cylinder B, and the rod K may also be connected to the ordinary slidevalves fitted to the ports of the cylinder, instead of to the rocking valves shown and above described; hence I make special claim to the valve-motion itself, as hereinafter set forth.

Having thus described my invention,what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. The combination, in an oscillating engine, and with its cylinder, piston, piston-rod, crank, and crank-shaft, and rotary valves H I, seated at opposite ends of the steam-cylinder, and steam and exhaust ports, connecting opposite end cylinder-ports through the agency of the valves, substantially as specified, of arms H' I', fixed to the valves II I, respectively, a bar, J, connecting arms H l', an angular rocking plate, N, having a link, N', a block, K', fitted in the link-slot, and adapted to be moved therein, a rod, K, connecting the block K to the bar .I and the valve-arms H l', a rocking plate, O, hung on the pivot of the link-plate N, and having opposite angular edges, o o', converging at o2, and said plate N having flanges n n', forming,with the edges of the plate O, the opposite guideways, a3 a, and the slot n? in front of the end o2 of plate O, a spring, It, or equivalent means for shifting the plate O so its point o2 opens Ways n3 nt alternately, and a block, P', having a pin, P, adapted to enter and work in the guideways and slot a3 at n", and said block P' fitted adjustably in an arm, Q, fixed to the enginecylinder, to give motion to the valves, substantially as herein set forth.

2. A valve-motion for oscillating engines, comprising angular plates N 0, fitted to rock on the same center, said plate N being provided With a link, N', and edge flanges, n n', and said plate O having side edges, o o', converging at 0"', and forming, with flanges n n' of plate N, the guideways and slots n3 nt n?, in which may work a pin connected with an arm fixed to the engine-cylinder, and the link N' of plate N carrying an adjustable block, K', adapted for connection to the cylinder-valves, to impart motion to them, and a spring, It, substantially as herein set forth.

3. The combination, in an oscillating engine, and with its cylinder, piston, piston-rod,

crank, and crank-shaft, and the rotary valves H I, controlling opposite ports of the cylinder, substantially as specified, of the valvearms H I', bar J, rocking link and guideplates N O, block K', rod K, spring R, and a block, P', having a pin, P, and fitted to an arm, Q, fixed tothe oscillating cylinder B, and

the starting and stopping lever U, connected for shifting the block K' in the link-plate N to either side of the center of the link, substantially as herein set forth.I

4. The combination, in an oscillating engine, and with its cylinder, piston, piston-rod, crank, and crank-shaft, and the rotary valves II I, controlling opposite ports of the cylinder, substantially as specified, ofthe valve-arms H' I', bar lI, rocking link and guide-plates N O, block K',vrod K, spring It, block P', having pin P, and fitted to slide in an arm, Q, fixed to the engine-cylinder, the starting and stopping lever U, connected to rod K, for shifting the block K', and said lever U also connected to the block P', so that the pin P shall be shifted to and from the trunnions of the cylinder simultaneously with the shifting of the block K' in the link N' of plate N, substantially as herein set forth.

5. 'Ihe engine-cylinder B, constructed with a bore for the piston and ports B' B', and with hollow trunnions U D and steam-passages C' D', and a steam-chest, F, provided with separate steam-chambers C" D", communicating with ports B' B", and rotary valves II I, fitted in seats over ports B' B2, and cut away at the side, to open and close said ports alternately, substantially as herein set forth.

DOUIA C. PUTNAM.

Witnesses:

W'. V. GAVITT, BENJAMIN LAMsoN.

IOO

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