US3187676A - Reversible variable volume pump - Google Patents

Description

June 8, 1965 P. HARTMANN 3,187,676

REVERSIBLE VARIABLE VOLUME PUMP Filed Oct. 17, 1962 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR! ILIP HARTMANN T TORNEV June 8, 1965 P. HARTMANN REVERSIBLE VARIABLE VOLUME PUMP 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Oct. 17, 1962 PH ILIQ IZ XVG n IANN l 21 7 TO/PNEV United States Patent 3,187,676 REVERSELE VARKABLE VGLUME PUB E Phiiip Hartmann, Racine, Wis assignor to Hartmann Manufacturing (10., Racine, Wis a corporation of Wisconsin Filed 0et.'17, 1962, Ser. No. 231,664 8 Claims. (Cl. 103-429) This invention relates to a reversible hydraulic pump.

Reversible hydraulic pumps are known in the art, and they generally have a construction which enables them to pump their hydraulic medium in either directionthrough the pump though only one rotation of rotor rotation is employed. Thus upon movement of a porting ring which of course encloses the rotor which is mounted on a fixed axis, the direction of pumping the fluid through the pump housing is controlled simply .by displacement of the port ring with respect to the fixed axistof the rotor. Of course in these constructionsthere are problems of machining and assembling the pump to have it arranged so that the rotor can be'rotated in only one'direction while the ring is sufiibinding forces on the parts and particularly on the movable port ring, and thus the latter must be maintained free for its desired movement as mentioned.

It is accordingly a general object of this invention to provide an improved reversible pump which overcomes the problems of the heretofore known pumps of this type. D

In accomplishing this object, a pump of this invention is constructed so that it is easily manufactured or machined in a manner which permits the several parts thereof to be assembled in adequate close tolerance so that the parts can both move and operate as desired, and so that there 3,137,6I Patented June 8, 1965 opposite sides thereof, but is also uniform or symmetrical 7 with respect to the port ring in the direction of movement of the port ring so that the port ring cannot cock itself and bind within the pump. a

Other objects and advantages will become apparent upon reading the following description in light of the accompanying drawings whereini FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view througha preferred embodiment of this invention with a portion thereof broken away, and taken along the line 11 of FIG. 2.

. FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line 2--2' of FIG. 1. 7 V

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line33 of FIG. 1.

The drawings show a reversible hydraulic pump generally having a housing 10 with a cavity 11 therein. A floating or movable port ring 12 is disposed Within the housing cavity 11, and it is important to note that the ring 12 is slidably related to guide members or pins 13. Also, the position of the ring 12 determines the .quantity of fluid pumped so it is. a variable volume pump as Well as j a reversible one. The pins 13 are snugly fitted into the housing It) in the circular openings'14 so that the housing can support, the pins 13 in a fixed position. The upper ends of the pins or guide members 13 also are shown to be in contact with projections 16 of the housing 10, and

FIG. 3 particularly shows that the projection 16 is formed by :a continuation of the housing bore 14so that an arcuatesurface 17 is presented toward the outside surface 20 v to receive the forces applied thereto by the fluid pressure.

I and the port ring 12 in a manner described later;-

will be only a very minimum or even negligible amount of fluid leaking at the interior of the pump.

Still another and'more specific object of this invention is to provide a reversible hydraulic pump wherein the operating parts thereof need not be in contact with the interior of the housing and thus the manufacture of the pump is simplified from that heretofore known.

Still another specific object of this invention is to provide a reversible hydraulic pump wherein internal hydraulic pressures of a pump are not effective to create undesirable or unbalanced forces on the operating parts of the pump or to cause pump leakage, and also wherein the hydraulic pressure is contained in the port ring so that the housing is not subjected to a high pressure, and therefore need not be designed for high pressure.

A further object of this invention is to provide a IGVGYS', ible hydraulic pump of the vane type and with the vanes arranged so that a maximumpumping efficiency is attained regardless of the direction of pumping through either of two fluidpassageways in the pump. Thus while the rotor is arranged to rotate in one direction only, but the pumping is through either of the two fluid passageways in the pump, the pump, particularly through its vanes as To further support the port ring 12 and control its posiis slidably disposed in a .cap 26 secured to the top of the housing 10 by bolts 27. Also, the housing 10 has an opening 28 for reception of the stud 23 and movement of the latter along its axis as mentioned.

FIG. 2 shows the control block 24 to also be retained a by a side plate 23 which is secured to the cap 26 by bolts, such as the bolt 29. and its plate 28 present anrinter nal cavity 31 in which the block 24 is 'slidable, and an eccentric 32 is received within a cavity 33 in the block 24. A shaft 34 is integral with the eccentric 32 so that of course rotation of the shaft similarly rotates the eccentric 32, and, since the shaft 34 is fixedton roller bearings 36 to have a fixed axis of rotation, theeccentric 32 will effect a camming action to displace the block 24 and the stud 23 and likewise the port ring 12. V v

Thus the parts described, and including the movable parts just mentioned, present a control means for displacing the ring '12 with respect to the support or guide members 13.

A rotor 37 is also disposed Within the housing 1%) on a fixed axis by virtue of the roller bearings 38 supported in the 'housing 10. The rotor includes the vane slotted portion 38, and the side plates 41, and the vanes. 42.

The latter are of course radially movably disposed within vane slots 43, and it 1 will also be noted that the vanes have 'oifset ends 44 which permit hydraulic fluid to get under the ends 44 and maintain the vanes radially No. 165,626, filed January 11, 1962, now US. Patent In thismanner, the cap 26 No. 3,149,792. Thus, the vanes 42 have the'chamfer shown on the radially outer ends thereof, and the rotor rotates in the counterclockwise direction in FIG. 1 toward the vane chamfer. --In thismanner no mechanical means are employed for retaining the vanes radially outwardly as desired, but nevertheless they are retained simply by virtue of the pressure of the fluid being pumped,

and this feature therefore permits the rotor to rotate in one direction, but the pump discharge can be to either side of the rotor as will be explained later.

It Will also be notedv and understood that bolts, such as the bolt 46, extend between the rotor plates 41 and through the rotor portion 39 to secure the entire rotor assembly together. I

The port ring 12 has a circular bore 47 which receives the rotor 37, and relieved pockets 48 are formed in the ring 12 to provide the fluid passageway therein and are shaped as shown in dotted lines in' FIG. 2. This of course therefore permits'the vanes 42 to slide overthe surface 47 defining the ring bore,'and to of course pump the fluid through the ring 12. in the desired manner. Projected portions 49 are atrthe top and bottom. of the ,ring 12, intermediate the pockets 48; Thus, if the ring 12is moved upwardly, then the ring surface 49 will be intangential contact with the circumference of the rotor 37, which if rotated counter-clockwise will create. high pressure dischargefto the left, all as viewed in. FIG. 1. Also, if the ring 12is lowered, the reverse is V true. Vanes 421are plication and have the rearward projections 44 which cause the vanes to'remain radially out at all time's. With the ring down, the vane'in the position indicated A remains out since pressure" is under the projection 44 though only suction is to the front side of the-vane and under the radially inner end thereof. f i

It will of course alsobenoted' that the floating ring Thus when the pump dischargeis to the left as viewed in FIG. 1, then the high pressure acting as shown'inFIG 3 of said patent ap-- A fluid can be urged against the check balls 67. Thus in the event that a pressure of, for instance, twenty pounds is applied in the passageway 71 and thus against the check ball 67, and the pressure in the passageway 62 and 63 in either event is less than the inlet pressure of twenty pounds, then of course the passageway 62 or 63, whichever is below the twenty pound pressure and rained therefrom through the drain passageway 76 and passageway 77.

Of course it will also be noted that the housing 10 has end plates 78 and 79 which are suitably attached to the housing to' render the latter'fluid tight, and of course the cap or plate 78 alsosupports'the bearing 38. It will therefore be further noted thatthe rotor 37 is radially fixed with respect to the housing as the bearings 38 secure the rotor in the housing so that the reversing "action of fluid-flow through the pump is provided simply by displacement of the floating port ring 12 asdescribed.

It is therefore important toappreciate that the rotor '37 is symmetrical about'both a vertical and a horizontal axis, as viewed in FIG. 1, and thus any'internal pressure created by fluid being pumpedby the rotorwill be halon the ring and pockets 48 on the left 'of the ring, will L tend to urge the ring to the left, and this will of course create a fluid-tight seal along the left line 51, and thus there will be no leakage. Also, the right side of the ring 12 maytend to move away from the pin 13, 'but this 'is of course only in the intakeof thepump where the fluid pressure is low and thus there is no leak-.

age problemat this point.

It will therefore be understood that the ring 12 has ports or fluid passageways 52 and 53 which are of course fluid passageways 57 extending from'flow communication locations with the passageways 54 and 56 to an opening or passageways .58' and 59 in 'a member 61 which is attached tothe housing 10 in any conventional manner. Passageways 58 and 59 are then of course in fluid-flow communication with passageways 62' and 63 inthe member 61, and a conduit 64 is shown connected into the passageway 62 for conducting fluid therethrough.

1 A flow regulator 66 is disposed within the member 61 and, includes two check balls 67' disposed in passageways 68 which are of course in flow communication with the passageway 62. and 63 separately. Compression springs 69 urge the check balls 67 into 'a'close d seating relation with a central passageway 71 which is in flow communication with the passageways 68. Still further, a fluid inlet opening 72 extends from the exterior of the mem ber 61 to the circular groove 73 which'in turn is in the passageways 74, and the passageway 71 where the anced in the vertical direction by its own pressure, applied against the port ring 12 in an upward and a downward direction, and the'remaining forces created by the fluid in the horizontal direction arebalanced .by the guide members 13, which of -courseare, in turn supported by the housing 10; Thus the balancing of the pump by virtue of its own pressure is simplified and an improvement in the art. I y

While a specific embodiment of this invention has been shown and described, it should be obviousthat certain changes could be made therein and the invention therefore should be determined only by pended claims;

What is claimed is: t

1; Agreversible ivariable volume pump comprising a housing and having a chamber therein, a .portring movably dispo'sed'insaid chamber and spaced from said hous ing, a guide member fixedly mounted in said housing on each of the opposite sides of saidport ring and extending across vsaid port ring in the direction of movement of the latter, said port ring and said guide members having mated ar cuate surfaces in sliding engagement for guiding the movement of 'said port ring, said port ring havinga bore therein and two-fluid passageways therein-respectively extending through said opposite sides and into fluid-flow communication with said bore and through said arcuate surfaces a rotor rotatably mounted in said housing on a fixed axis and disposed inside said port ring for moving fluid therein, and each said arcuate surface of said guide members having a fluid passageway extending therein "in separate fluid-flow communication with said passageways of said port ring for conducting fluid into and out of said port ringbore 'as determined by the position of said port ring, I

2; A reversible variablevolume pump comprising a housing having a chamber therein, a port ring movably disposed in said chamber and spaced from said housing, means on said housing and operatively interrelated with said port ring for moving the latter along a plane, guide ,members fixedly mounted in said housing and disposed on opposite sides of saidportrring and eachextending across said port ring in a direction parallel to said plane to be in sliding engagement with said port ring for guiding communication with said bore and through said arcuate the scope of the apsurfaces, a rotor rotatably mounted in said housing on a fixed axis and inside said port ring for moving fluid therein, said port ring bore being symmetrical in the direction of its movement for pumping fluid to either of said opposite sides in response to rotation of said rotor in only one direction and in accordance with the position of said port ring, and each of said guide members having a fluid passageway extending therein and through said arcuate surface and in separate fluid-flow communication with said passageways of said port ring for conducting fluid into and out of said port ring'bore as determined by the position of said port ring.

3. A reversible variable volume pump comprising a housing having a chamber therein, a port ring movably disposed in said chamber and spaced from said housing and having planular faces on axially opposite faces of said port ring, guide members fixedly mounted in said housing on opposite sides of said port ring and extending across said port ring in sliding engagement therewith for guiding the movement of said port ring, said port ring having a central bore therein and two fluid ports in fluid-flow communication with said bore on said opposite sides and exteriorly of said port ring, a rotor rotatably mounted in said housing on a fixed axis and inside said bore for moving fluid therein and having planular faces co-planular with said planular faces of said port ring, side plates removably attached to said planular faces of said rotor and extending beyond the limits thereof and being in sliding contact with said planular faces of said port ring, and each of said guide members having a fluid passageway extending therein in separate fluid-flow communication with said ports of said port ring for conducting fluid into and out and in slding support of said port ring in the planes trans;

verse to said line of movement of said ring and said guide surfaces each having a fluid passageway extending therethrough in separate fluid-flow communication with said ports for conducting fluid into and out of said port ring bore as determined by the position of said port ring, said port ring being symmetrical about both its axis on said line of movement and its axi transverse to said line of movement and with said port ring having a fluid pocket of the same dimensions on each side of said ports in the plane of rotor rotation and in fluid-flow communication with said bore for directing fluid and balancing fluid forces acting on said port ring in the planes parallel to said line of movement of said port ring.

5. A reversible variable volume pump comprising a housing having a chamber therein, a port ring movably disposed in said chamber and spaced from said housing, circular guide members fixedly mounted in said housing on each of the diametrically opposite sides of said port ring and extending across said chamber and said port ring in the direction of movement of said port ring and with the latter including concave surfaces conforming to and snugly abutting at least a part of the circumference of said guide members for guiding the movement of said port ring, said port ring having a bore therein and two fluid ports in fluid-flow communication with said bore and extending through said concave surfaces, a rotor rotatably mounted in said housing on a fixed axis and disposed inside said port ring and having vanes thereon for moving fluid through said port ring, each of said guide members having a fluid passageway extending therein in separate fluid-flow communication with said ports of said 6 port ring for conducting fluidinto and out of said por ring bore according to the position of said port ring, said port ring and said rotor being equal in axial length to have the respective ends thereof on common planes, and side plates attached to said ends of said. rotor and extending radially therebeyond and flanking said ends of said port ring in fluid-tight relation with said rotor and said port ring. 7

6. A reversible variable volume pump comprising a housing having a chamber therein, a port ring movably disposed in-said chamber and spaced from said housing, means on said housing and operatively interrelated with said port ring for moving the latter along a line of movement,,said portring having arcuately shaped opposite ,sides and a central bore and twotfluid ports axially aligned on said opposite sides of said port ring and with the axis of said ports disposed transverse to said line of movement and with said ports being in fluid-flow communication with said bore, arcuately shaped guide members fixedly mounted in said housing and disposed to be fluid-tightly mated with said opposite sides of said port ring and extending across said ports in sliding engagement with said port ring for guiding the movement of said port ring, a rotor rotatably mounted in said housing on a fixed axis and inside said port ring and having vanes for moving fluid, said port ring having fluid pockets open to said rotor and adjacent said ports for fluid-pressure balancing said port ring inthe' directions of movement of said port ring, side plates removably attached to said rotor and extending in flanking relation with said port ring and being fluid tight with said rotor and said port ring, said port ring -being symmetrical with respect to said port axis for balancing fluid pressure in said line of movement and for pumping fluid to either of said ports-in response to rota tion of said rotor in only one direction and in accordance with the position of said port ring, and each of said guide members having'a fluid passageway extending therein in separate fluid-flow communication with said ports of said port ring for conducting fluid into and out of said port ring bore.

7. A reversible variable volume pump comprising a housing having a chamber therein, a port ring movably disposed in said chamber and spaced from said housing, means on said housing for moving said port ring, guide members fixedly mounted in said housing on opposite sides of said port ring and extending across said port ring in sliding engagement therewith for guiding the movement of said port ring, said port ring having a central bore therein and two fluid ports in fluid-flow communication with said bore and axially aligned on said opposite sides, a rotor rotatably mounted in said housing on a fixed axis and inside said bore, vanes radially disposed on said rotor in sliding contact with the'wall defining said bore and having a'projection on the radially outer ends thereof toward the rotationally trailing side of said vanes and in sliding cont-act with the wall of said bore to receive fluid pressure underneath said projection for urging said vanes radially outwardly, side plates fluid-tightly and housing having a chamber therein, a port ring movably disposed in said chamber, said port ring having a bore therein and two fluid ports in fluid-flow communication with said bore and on diametrically opposite sides thereof coaxial with the plane of said ring transverse to the line of movement of the latter, a rotor rotatably mounted in said housing on a fixed axis and disposed inside said port ring for moving fluid therein, said ring including two surfaces of equal dimensions on said borethereof on diametrically opposite sidesin the plane of movement of said ring for selective sealing with said rotor upon displacement of said ring and said ring having fluid pressure balancing pockets extending between said surfaces and adjacent said ports and being of equal dimensiongguide surfaces in said housing extending past said ports and having a fluid passageway extending in each of said surfacesin separate fluid-flow communication with said ports for conducting fluid into and out of said port ring bore as determined by the position ofsaid port ring, said guide surfaces extending in planes parallelto said line of movement for receiving and countering the force of fluid pres,-

sure between said ring and said rotor in the directions" toward said surfaces, vanes radially movably disposed on said rotor and includingprojections extending to the'rotational-ly trailing side of'said vanes and exposed to fluid pressure on the radially inward surface of said projections for urging .said vanes radially outwardly against; said port a 8. ring, and side plates removably attached to said rotor and extending beyond said vanes and flanking said port ring.

Reference's'Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 2 Tucker et a1. -2 103-120 2,394,120 2/46 Tucker 103-120 2,955,542 10/60 Gaubatz 103-120 r 3,008,423 11/61 Miller ...4 103-120 3,016,017 1/62 'Prendergast '103120 3,054,357" 9/62 McGill 103126 FOREIGN PATENTS 5 JOSEPH H BRANSON, JR;, Examiner.

Claims (1)

1. A REVERSIBLE VARIABLE VOLUME PUMP COMPRISING A HOUSING AND HAVING A CHAMBER THEREIN, A PORT RING MOVABLY DISPOSED IN SAID CHAMBER AND SPACED FROM SAID HOUSING, A GUIDE MEMBER FIXEDLY MOUNTED IN SAID HOUSING ON EACH OF THE OPPOSITE SIDES OF SAID PORT RING AND EXTENDING ACROSS SAID PORT RING IN THE DIRECTION OF MOVEMENT OF THE LATTER, SAID PORT RING AND SAID GUIDE MEMBERS HAVING MATED ARCUATE SURFACES IN SLIDING ENGAGEMENT FOR GUIDING THE MOVEMENT OF SAID PORT RING, SAID PORT RING HAVING A BORE THEREIN AND TWO FLUID PASSAGEWAYS THEREIN RESPECTIVELY EXTENDING THROUGH SAID OPPOSITE SIDES AND INTO FLUID-FLOW COMMUNICATION WITH SAID BORE AND THROUGH SAID ARCUATE SURFACES, A ROTOR ROTATABLY MOUNTED IN SAID HOUSING ON A FIXED AXIS AND DISPOSED INSIDE SAID PORT RING FOR MOVING FLUID THEREIN, AND EACH SAID ARCUATE SURFACE OF SAID GUIDE MEMBERS HAVING A FLUID PASSAGEWAY EXTENDING THEREIN IN SEPARATE FLUID-FLOW COMMUNICATION WITH SAID PASSAGEWAYS OF SAID PORT RING FOR CONDUCTING FLUID INTO

Images