US3186842A - Diffusion transfer process for the manufacture of priniting plates - Google Patents
Diffusion transfer process for the manufacture of priniting plates Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3186842A US3186842A US846257A US84625759A US3186842A US 3186842 A US3186842 A US 3186842A US 846257 A US846257 A US 846257A US 84625759 A US84625759 A US 84625759A US 3186842 A US3186842 A US 3186842A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- silver
- silver halide
- metal plate
- emulsion layer
- image
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 50
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 42
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 title claims description 23
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 93
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 93
- -1 SILVER HALIDE Chemical class 0.000 claims description 52
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003352 sequestering agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000897 Babbitt (metal) Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 35
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 35
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 32
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 150000003856 quaternary ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 4
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000084 Gum arabic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000000205 acacia gum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000003378 silver Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- CCVYRRGZDBSHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-hydroxyphenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1O CCVYRRGZDBSHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AGJAUFUNZWHLKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2E,4E)-N-isobutyl-2,4-tetradecadienamide Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CC=CC(=O)NCC(C)C AGJAUFUNZWHLKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000978776 Senegalia senegal Species 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- CRSOQBOWXPBRES-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C CRSOQBOWXPBRES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bromide Chemical compound [K+].[Br-] IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000011514 reflex Effects 0.000 description 2
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- TYFSYONDMQEGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,2-dihydroxyethylamino)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(O)CNCC(O)=O TYFSYONDMQEGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GTXVUMKMNLRHKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[carboxymethyl(2-sulfoethyl)amino]acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCS(O)(=O)=O GTXVUMKMNLRHKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XKXUYBHAJOBULC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenyl-5-sulfanylidene-1,2,4-triazolidin-3-one Chemical compound O=C1NC(=S)NN1C1=CC=CC=C1 XKXUYBHAJOBULC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWYJDIUEHHCHCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[2-[bis(2-carboxyethyl)amino]ethyl-(2-carboxyethyl)amino]propanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCN(CCC(O)=O)CCN(CCC(O)=O)CCC(O)=O KWYJDIUEHHCHCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000171897 Acacia nilotica subsp nilotica Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001479434 Agfa Species 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)C KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JYXGIOKAKDAARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-(2-hydroxyethyl)iminodiacetic acid Chemical compound OCCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O JYXGIOKAKDAARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000183024 Populus tremula Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004133 Sodium thiosulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000218 acetic acid group Chemical group C(C)(=O)* 0.000 description 1
- FRTNIYVUDIHXPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.NCCN FRTNIYVUDIHXPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002180 anti-stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium oxide Chemical compound [Ba]=O QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001864 baryta Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- UUZYBYIOAZTMGC-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzyl(trimethyl)azanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].C[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 UUZYBYIOAZTMGC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009918 complex formation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- DDXLVDQZPFLQMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M dodecyl(trimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C DDXLVDQZPFLQMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007644 letterpress printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011008 sodium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;9,10-dioxoanthracene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical class [Na+].C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VRRFSFYSLSPWQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenecobalt Chemical compound [Co]=S VRRFSFYSLSPWQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenenickel Chemical compound [Ni]=S WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PGWMQVQLSMAHHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenesilver Chemical compound [Ag]=S PGWMQVQLSMAHHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 1
- HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium citrate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910000406 trisodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019801 trisodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/06—Silver salts
- G03F7/063—Additives or means to improve the lithographic properties; Processing solutions characterised by such additives; Treatment after development or transfer, e.g. finishing, washing; Correction or deletion fluids
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C8/00—Diffusion transfer processes or agents therefor; Photosensitive materials for such processes
- G03C8/02—Photosensitive materials characterised by the image-forming section
- G03C8/04—Photosensitive materials characterised by the image-forming section the substances transferred by diffusion consisting of inorganic or organo-metallic compounds derived from photosensitive noble metals
- G03C8/06—Silver salt diffusion transfer
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/06—Silver salts
- G03F7/07—Silver salts used for diffusion transfer
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a new method for producing printing plates according to the silver halide diffusion transfer process. More particularly, the present invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of printing plates for letter-press printing, offset or lithoprinting, and photogravure printing by using a silver halide diffusion transfer process.
- United States Patent No. 2,352,014 describes a process of photographic image transfer which comprises contacting a photographic silver halide layer, containing a developing solution and a developed photographic image in the presence of a silver halide solvent and a fogging agent, with a receiving material which is insensitive to light.
- fogging agents known to be substances capable of promoting the reduction of silver halide not exposed to light, will improve and accelerate the transfer process.
- These fogging agents belong to the class of products which act as reduction or crystallization nuclei for silver halide, such as colloidal silver, colloidal sulphur and metal sulphides, such as nickel sulphide, cobalt sulphide, etc., and usually are incorporated into the receiving material either during the manufacture of the latter or by impregnation of the finished receiving material.
- these fogging agents may belong to the class of substances which are not such reduction or crystallization nuclei themselves but may form such nuclei by interacton with the diffused silver halides either by reduction or by the formation of rather insoluble compounds.
- the silver halide difiusion transfer process has also been used in the production of lithographic plates, wherein the receiving material is a suitable metallic sheet coated with a layer containing substances which act as reduction or crystallization nuclei, such as for instance silver sulphide, or form such nuclei by interacting with the diffusing silver salt complexes such as an alkali sulphide.
- the image obtained on the metallic sheet by application of the silver halide diffusion transfer process may further be treated in known manner in order toenhance the oleophilic and the hydrophilic characteristics of the image parts for producing a satisfactory printing plate.
- the nuclei heretofore used in preparing lithographic plates by the dilfusion transfer processes are omitted, and, instead, the metallic surface itself is allowed to take part actively in the reduction of the diffusing silver salts, and the silver images thus obtained are thereafter subjected to a subsequent lithographic after-treatment which increases the hydrophility of the metal support and the oleophility of the silver precipitate.
- the metallic support is made of a metal or an alloy of metals which is higher than silver in the electrolytic series, and therefore is capable of exerting a strong reduction power towards silver ions.
- Metals which are commonly used as lithographic plates and are higher than silver in the electrolytic series include aluminum, zinc, magnesium, copper, lead and iron, or the alloys mainly consisting of one of these metals, such as, for example, stainless steel.
- an aluminum sheet and an exposed photographic material are passed through a developing apparatus normally used for diffusion transfer and filled with a developing solution which besides the usual ingredients for development of the exposed silver halide also contains a solvent for the undeveloped silver halide.
- a developing solution which besides the usual ingredients for development of the exposed silver halide also contains a solvent for the undeveloped silver halide.
- the lapse of time between wetting the aluminum surface and its contact with the developing negative should be limited in order to obtain a good quality silver precipitate on the aluminum surface. It is evident that these objects can be achieved mechanically by arranging and suitably coordinating the processing time and the contact time of the negative material with the aluminum surface.
- the light-sensitive material involved comprises a support and an emulsion layer. Additional layers, such as an intermediate layer, a filter layer and/ or an antistress layer, may also be present.
- the support may be any of the common materials heretofore used in diffusion transfer processes, however, it is preferred to use a support that is flexible, thin and dimensionally stable in order to avoid wrinkling when the support is closely pressed together onto the aluminum sheet. Suitable support materials are, among others,
- the emulsion layer may be any light-sensitive silver halide emulsion,'either negative or direct positive, which gives sulficiently rapid development of the image wise exposed silver halide layer, suflicient complex formation of the non-developed silver halide and a satisfactory gradation necessary for graphic purposes.
- silver chloride emulsions which contain some amounts of bromide and iodide or other ingredients, necessary for obtaining the desired emulsion characteristics.
- the hardening degree of the emulsion layer is important in obtaining good results and should be sufiicient to obtain good and uniform adherence of the light sensitive material to the aluminum sheet during diffusion-transfer. This can be achieved by adding to the emulsion, to an intermediate layer or to an auxiliary layer, hardening agents and/ or agents which prevent hardening, according to the desired hardening degree of the material.
- the emulsion may contain other ingredients such as chemical and optical sensitizers, stabilizers, antifogging agents, developers and/ or development acceleraors, wetting agents, light-screening substances, etc.
- the light-sensitive paper can be exposed in Contact with the original by either the reflex method or the transmitted light method. It is also possible to expose the photographic paper by optical methods employing the' usual copying cameras. More details of these methods are published in information folders for document copyists such as the data-sheet JC/ -1 published November 1954 and June 1959, and the Gevacopy booklet: Rapid Ultra-rapid Gevacopy, published November 1958, both edited by Gevaert Photo-Producten N.V., Mortsel, Belgium.
- the developing bath used for carrying out the diffusion transfer process of the present invention contains the necessary ingredients for the development of the exposed (or, if a direct positive emulsion is used, for the fogged, non-exposed) silver halide and a solvent for the non developed silver halide.
- the developing bath may further contain other ingredients, including those generally em ployed in the art, such as substances for preventing aerial oxidation of the developendevelopment accelerators, alkali etc. obtaining special results.
- M H, NH Na, K or amine
- R an alkyl group, an aryl group, anaralkyl group,- an isocyclic'or heterocyclic nucleus, these groups being either substituted or not by halogen, hydrox'yl, ethermercapto, T"-
- Typical examples of such sequestering agents are:
- the plate bearing the adhering silver image is made ready for printing by rubbing it with a suitable lithographic preparation.
- Quaternary ammonium compounds such as cetyltrimethyl-ammonium bromide, benzyltrimethyl ammonium bromide and dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride,
- the lithographic plate Since the non-printing parts of the aluminum plate oxidize quite rapidly in the air and become less hydrophilic, the lithographic plate is treated as soon as possible after the formation of the silver image with a lithographic preparation containing a polymeric substance such as gum arabic or carboxymethyl cellulose which leaves a thin hydrophilic layer on the blank metallic plate rendering the non-printing parts ink-repellent.
- a lithographic preparation containing a polymeric substance such as gum arabic or carboxymethyl cellulose which leaves a thin hydrophilic layer on the blank metallic plate rendering the non-printing parts ink-repellent.
- the ink-repellent characteristics may be further increased by addition of phosphoric acid and/ or its salts.
- the printing plate bearing the silver image is treated with a lithographic preparation containing at least one compound enhancing the ink and/ or lacquer receptivity of the silver image, and containing further at least one compound preventing the oxidation of the aluminum and/ or at least one compound increasing the ink-repellent characteristics of the plate metal.
- Example 1 A light-sensitive negative paper obtained by coating 21 silver chloride emulsion layer on a baryta-coated paper base of 135 g. per sq. m. is exposed to an image according to the reflex method.
- the exposed negative and an aluminum sheet consisting of 99.5% of aluminum and 0.5% of magnesium and silica, the surface of which was brushed to grain depths of 2 to 4 microns, are passed through an apparatus ordinarily used for the diffusion transfer process.
- This apparatus contains an aqueous developer solution of the following composition:
- the negative and the aluminum plate are brought into contact between rubber rollers.
- the paper sheet carrying the emulsion layer is separated from the aluminum sheet, leaving a silver image on the aluminum sheet adhering to the surface of said sheet.
- the plate bearing the image is further rubbed for about 30 seconds with a cloth, soaked with a lithographic preparation of the following composition:
- the zinc sheet is then rubbed with a greasy lithographic ink, powdered with finely divided asphaltum powder and heated at 130 C.
- the parts of the plate which have not to be etched are then covered with asphaltum lacquer.
- the etching of the zinc sheet is then carried out according to methods known to those skilled in the art of preparing typographic printing plates.
- the lithographic solution also contains a hydrophilic organic polymeric compound, forming a thin hydrophilic layer on the blank parts of the metal plate where no silver image has been formed with said hydrophilic organic polymeric compound and thereby rendering said blank parts ink-repellent.
- hydrophilic organic polymeric compound is selected from the group consisting of carboxymethyl cellulose and gum arabic.
- the lithographic solution also contains a compound selected from the group consisting of phosphoric acid and salts of phosphoric acid, said compound rendering the blank parts of the metal plate where no silver image has been formed ink-repellent.
- a photographic material containing a light sensitive silver halide emulsion layer having exposed and nonexposed areas with a silver halide developing solution containing a sequestering agent, wherein said sequestering agent is a compound selected from the group consisting of amino polycarboxylic acids and Water soluble salts thereof, contacting the side of said photographic material bearing the emulsion layer with the surface of a metal plate in the presence of a silver halide solvent, said surface of said metal plate being substantially oxide free and composed of a metal higher than silver in the electrolytic series, whereby the undeveloped silver halide in the emulsion layer at least partially dissolves and diffuses from said emulsion layer to the surface of said metal plate and is reduced by said plate to deposit a silver image on said surface, and treating said surface of said metal plate bearing said silver image with a lithographic solution to increase the oleophility
- the lithographic solution also contains a hydrophilic organic polymeric compound, forming a thin hydrophilic layer of said hydrophilic organic polymeric compound on the blank parts of the metal plate Where no silver image has been formed and thereby rendering said blank parts ink-repellent.
- a photographic material containing a light sensitive silver halide emulsion layer having exposed and non exposed areas with a silver halide developing solution containing a sequestering agent and asilver halide solvent, wherein said sequestering agent is a compound selected from the group consisting of amino polycarboxylic acids and Water soluble salts thereof, contacting the side of said photographic material bearing the emulsion layer with a substantially oxide free surface of an aluminum plate, said surface of said aluminum plate having been treated prior to said contacting with said silver halide developing solution, whereby the undeveloped silver halide corresponding to the non-exposed areas of the emulsion layer at least partially dissolves and diffuses from said emulsion layer to the surface of said aluminum plate and is reduced by said plate to deposit a silver image on said surface, and treating said surface of said aluminum plate bearing said silver image with a lithographic solution ,
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Photosensitive Polymer And Photoresist Processing (AREA)
- Printing Plates And Materials Therefor (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB33431/57A GB913591A (en) | 1957-10-25 | 1957-10-25 | Lithographic printing plates |
GB1932/59A GB946538A (en) | 1957-10-25 | 1959-01-19 | Improvements in or relating to photo-mechanical printing processes |
BE2041833 | 1962-07-18 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3186842A true US3186842A (en) | 1965-06-01 |
Family
ID=27159583
Family Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US846257A Expired - Lifetime US3186842A (en) | 1957-10-25 | 1959-10-14 | Diffusion transfer process for the manufacture of priniting plates |
US846256A Expired - Lifetime US3300306A (en) | 1957-10-25 | 1959-10-14 | Process for the manufacture of printing plates |
US660591A Expired - Lifetime US3567443A (en) | 1957-10-25 | 1967-08-15 | Diffusion transfer production of printing plates with lioh as alkalizing agent |
Family Applications After (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US846256A Expired - Lifetime US3300306A (en) | 1957-10-25 | 1959-10-14 | Process for the manufacture of printing plates |
US660591A Expired - Lifetime US3567443A (en) | 1957-10-25 | 1967-08-15 | Diffusion transfer production of printing plates with lioh as alkalizing agent |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US3186842A (de) |
BE (2) | BE620350A (de) |
CH (2) | CH386251A (de) |
DE (3) | DE1177933B (de) |
FR (1) | FR1213747A (de) |
GB (3) | GB913591A (de) |
NL (4) | NL125604C (de) |
SE (1) | SE315500B (de) |
Cited By (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3260598A (en) * | 1961-05-29 | 1966-07-12 | Eastman Kodak Co | Photographic element-developer system |
US3278958A (en) * | 1955-03-31 | 1966-10-18 | Dick Co Ab | Method of imaging a photolithographic plate and elements for use in the preparation of same |
US3300306A (en) * | 1957-10-25 | 1967-01-24 | Gevaert Photo Prod Nv | Process for the manufacture of printing plates |
US3383211A (en) * | 1963-04-26 | 1968-05-14 | Gevaert Photo Prod Nv | Lithographic printing plates |
US3396018A (en) * | 1963-05-17 | 1968-08-06 | Eastman Kodak Co | Diffusion transfer system |
US3424580A (en) * | 1965-09-07 | 1969-01-28 | Horizons Inc | Photographic process for the direct production of positive images on metal |
US3451814A (en) * | 1963-07-25 | 1969-06-24 | Polaroid Corp | Novel photographic product and process |
US3490906A (en) * | 1964-10-06 | 1970-01-20 | Du Pont | Process for preparing printing plates and developer compositions therefor |
US3628978A (en) * | 1968-09-23 | 1971-12-21 | Eastman Kodak Co | Method of nucleating aluminum |
US3854948A (en) * | 1971-05-15 | 1974-12-17 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | New development composition for radiographic film |
US3989521A (en) * | 1974-02-08 | 1976-11-02 | Agfa-Gevaert N.V. | Production of planographic printing patterns on aluminum sheets using solutions containing dicarboxylic acid compounds |
US4018605A (en) * | 1975-04-21 | 1977-04-19 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Metal lithographic plate made imageable by diffusion transfer by treatment with Group IV-B metal fluoride |
US4038077A (en) * | 1974-04-04 | 1977-07-26 | Polaroid Corporation | Process comprising diffusion transfer silver image removal |
US4062682A (en) * | 1974-11-12 | 1977-12-13 | Agfa-Gevaert N.V. | Fixer compositions used in planographic printing containing onium compounds |
US4425420A (en) | 1981-02-25 | 1984-01-10 | Agfa-Gevaert N.V. | Production of a planographic printing plate through the silver complex diffusion transfer process |
EP0330215A2 (de) * | 1988-02-25 | 1989-08-30 | Mitsubishi Paper Mills, Ltd. | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Flachdruckplatten |
US5053319A (en) * | 1988-09-28 | 1991-10-01 | Eastman Kodak Company | Aqueous solutions of oleophilic compounds |
US5340691A (en) * | 1992-09-30 | 1994-08-23 | Agfa-Gevaert, N.V. | Method for making a lithographic printing plate according to the silver salt diffusion transfer process |
US5399457A (en) * | 1993-10-15 | 1995-03-21 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Process for reducing sludge in diffusion transfer printing plates |
US5405730A (en) * | 1993-08-05 | 1995-04-11 | Agfa-Gevaert, N.V. | Imaging element and method for making aluminum lithographic printing plates according to the silver salt diffusion transfer process |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL256257A (de) * | 1959-09-26 | |||
DE1206596B (de) * | 1963-07-19 | 1965-12-09 | Ver Leichtmetallwerke Gmbh | Verwendung einer Aluminiumlegierung |
US3525567A (en) * | 1966-10-19 | 1970-08-25 | Gaf Corp | Clearing compositions for rapid processing of photographic film |
GB1209050A (en) * | 1967-12-27 | 1970-10-14 | Agfa Gevaert Nv | Photographic silver halide processing liquids |
GB1281698A (en) * | 1968-07-15 | 1972-07-12 | Itek Corp | Metallic photographic products |
JPS5542751B2 (de) * | 1972-04-05 | 1980-11-01 | ||
JPH0757204B2 (ja) * | 1986-07-04 | 1995-06-21 | ワイケイケイ株式会社 | 停止装置付きスライダーを有するスライドファスナー |
JPH0318846A (ja) * | 1989-06-16 | 1991-01-28 | Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd | 拡散転写用感光材料 |
JPH0318845A (ja) * | 1989-06-16 | 1991-01-28 | Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd | 拡散転写用感光材料 |
US5272041A (en) * | 1990-10-19 | 1993-12-21 | Agfa-Gevaert, N.V. | Negative type lithographic printing plate |
DE102014220872A1 (de) * | 2014-10-15 | 2016-04-21 | Christof Diener | Ölanziehendes Lager mit oberflächenmodifiziertem Teil aus nichtrostendem Wälzlagerstahl |
Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL59365C (de) * | 1939-11-02 | |||
US1742710A (en) * | 1928-03-29 | 1930-01-07 | Henry L Krebs | Process of transferring subjects to metal surfaces |
GB440736A (en) * | 1934-07-05 | 1936-01-06 | Kevin William Caton Webb | Improvements relating to the production of photo-mechanical printing surfaces |
US2352014A (en) * | 1941-07-21 | 1944-06-20 | Rott Andre | Photomechanical printing process and printing material for carrying out the same |
GB648897A (en) * | 1946-09-09 | 1951-01-17 | Gevaert Photo Prod Nv | Improvements in and relating to the production of planographic printing plates |
US2656273A (en) * | 1952-02-12 | 1953-10-20 | Eastman Kodak Co | Photographic developers containing diamino-propanol tetracetic acid |
US2823122A (en) * | 1951-06-30 | 1958-02-11 | Polaroid Corp | Photographic silver halide transfer process and the print-receiving products useful in connection therewith |
BE565696A (de) * | 1955-03-31 | 1958-03-31 | ||
DE1064343B (de) * | 1957-04-26 | 1959-08-27 | Agfa Ag | Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Haftung fetter Druckfarben auf photographischen Silberbildern |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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BE421930A (de) * | 1936-06-25 | |||
US2698245A (en) * | 1946-04-13 | 1954-12-28 | Polaroid Corp | Photographic product and process for making a positive transfer image |
US2662822A (en) * | 1949-04-21 | 1953-12-15 | Polaroid Corp | Photographic transfer processes and compositions for the practice of said processes |
BE530033A (de) * | 1953-07-01 | |||
US2839405A (en) * | 1955-03-08 | 1958-06-17 | Eastman Kodak Co | Inorganic salt antifoggants for photographic emulsions |
US2992102A (en) * | 1955-03-29 | 1961-07-11 | Polaroid Corp | Photographic processes and products |
BE556753A (de) * | 1956-04-18 | |||
BE557693A (de) * | 1956-05-23 | |||
BE572336A (de) * | 1957-10-25 | |||
DE1070029B (de) * | 1958-03-31 | 1959-11-26 | ||
BE584391A (de) * | 1958-11-07 |
-
0
- BE BE572336D patent/BE572336A/xx unknown
- NL NL131667D patent/NL131667C/xx active
- NL NL247505D patent/NL247505A/xx unknown
- NL NL232607D patent/NL232607A/xx unknown
- NL NL125604D patent/NL125604C/xx active
- BE BE620350D patent/BE620350A/xx unknown
-
1957
- 1957-10-25 GB GB33431/57A patent/GB913591A/en not_active Expired
-
1958
- 1958-10-25 FR FR1213747D patent/FR1213747A/fr not_active Expired
- 1958-10-25 CH CH6541758A patent/CH386251A/fr unknown
- 1958-10-25 DE DEG25570A patent/DE1177933B/de active Pending
-
1959
- 1959-01-19 GB GB1932/59A patent/GB946538A/en not_active Expired
- 1959-10-14 US US846257A patent/US3186842A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1959-10-14 US US846256A patent/US3300306A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1960
- 1960-01-18 SE SE433/60A patent/SE315500B/xx unknown
- 1960-01-19 CH CH55960A patent/CH406848A/fr unknown
- 1960-01-19 DE DEG28840A patent/DE1185924B/de active Pending
-
1962
- 1962-10-02 DE DEG36059A patent/DE1185925B/de active Pending
-
1963
- 1963-07-17 GB GB28278/63A patent/GB998447A/en not_active Expired
-
1967
- 1967-08-15 US US660591A patent/US3567443A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1742710A (en) * | 1928-03-29 | 1930-01-07 | Henry L Krebs | Process of transferring subjects to metal surfaces |
GB440736A (en) * | 1934-07-05 | 1936-01-06 | Kevin William Caton Webb | Improvements relating to the production of photo-mechanical printing surfaces |
NL59365C (de) * | 1939-11-02 | |||
US2352014A (en) * | 1941-07-21 | 1944-06-20 | Rott Andre | Photomechanical printing process and printing material for carrying out the same |
GB648897A (en) * | 1946-09-09 | 1951-01-17 | Gevaert Photo Prod Nv | Improvements in and relating to the production of planographic printing plates |
US2823122A (en) * | 1951-06-30 | 1958-02-11 | Polaroid Corp | Photographic silver halide transfer process and the print-receiving products useful in connection therewith |
US2656273A (en) * | 1952-02-12 | 1953-10-20 | Eastman Kodak Co | Photographic developers containing diamino-propanol tetracetic acid |
BE565696A (de) * | 1955-03-31 | 1958-03-31 | ||
DE1064343B (de) * | 1957-04-26 | 1959-08-27 | Agfa Ag | Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Haftung fetter Druckfarben auf photographischen Silberbildern |
US3083097A (en) * | 1957-04-26 | 1963-03-26 | Agfa Ag | Bleaching silver images in the formation of printing plates |
Cited By (24)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3278958A (en) * | 1955-03-31 | 1966-10-18 | Dick Co Ab | Method of imaging a photolithographic plate and elements for use in the preparation of same |
US3279366A (en) * | 1955-03-31 | 1966-10-18 | Dick Co Ab | Aluminum photolithographic plate and method of imaging same |
US3300306A (en) * | 1957-10-25 | 1967-01-24 | Gevaert Photo Prod Nv | Process for the manufacture of printing plates |
US3260598A (en) * | 1961-05-29 | 1966-07-12 | Eastman Kodak Co | Photographic element-developer system |
US3383211A (en) * | 1963-04-26 | 1968-05-14 | Gevaert Photo Prod Nv | Lithographic printing plates |
US3396018A (en) * | 1963-05-17 | 1968-08-06 | Eastman Kodak Co | Diffusion transfer system |
US3451814A (en) * | 1963-07-25 | 1969-06-24 | Polaroid Corp | Novel photographic product and process |
US3451815A (en) * | 1963-07-25 | 1969-06-24 | Polaroid Corp | Novel photographic product and process |
US3490906A (en) * | 1964-10-06 | 1970-01-20 | Du Pont | Process for preparing printing plates and developer compositions therefor |
US3424580A (en) * | 1965-09-07 | 1969-01-28 | Horizons Inc | Photographic process for the direct production of positive images on metal |
US3628978A (en) * | 1968-09-23 | 1971-12-21 | Eastman Kodak Co | Method of nucleating aluminum |
US3854948A (en) * | 1971-05-15 | 1974-12-17 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | New development composition for radiographic film |
US3989521A (en) * | 1974-02-08 | 1976-11-02 | Agfa-Gevaert N.V. | Production of planographic printing patterns on aluminum sheets using solutions containing dicarboxylic acid compounds |
US4038077A (en) * | 1974-04-04 | 1977-07-26 | Polaroid Corporation | Process comprising diffusion transfer silver image removal |
US4062682A (en) * | 1974-11-12 | 1977-12-13 | Agfa-Gevaert N.V. | Fixer compositions used in planographic printing containing onium compounds |
US4018605A (en) * | 1975-04-21 | 1977-04-19 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Metal lithographic plate made imageable by diffusion transfer by treatment with Group IV-B metal fluoride |
US4425420A (en) | 1981-02-25 | 1984-01-10 | Agfa-Gevaert N.V. | Production of a planographic printing plate through the silver complex diffusion transfer process |
EP0330215A2 (de) * | 1988-02-25 | 1989-08-30 | Mitsubishi Paper Mills, Ltd. | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Flachdruckplatten |
EP0330215A3 (en) * | 1988-02-25 | 1990-04-04 | Mitsubishi Paper Mills, Ltd. | Method for making lithographic printing plate |
US5064745A (en) * | 1988-02-25 | 1991-11-12 | Mitsubishi Paper Mills, Ltd. | Method for making lithographic printing plate |
US5053319A (en) * | 1988-09-28 | 1991-10-01 | Eastman Kodak Company | Aqueous solutions of oleophilic compounds |
US5340691A (en) * | 1992-09-30 | 1994-08-23 | Agfa-Gevaert, N.V. | Method for making a lithographic printing plate according to the silver salt diffusion transfer process |
US5405730A (en) * | 1993-08-05 | 1995-04-11 | Agfa-Gevaert, N.V. | Imaging element and method for making aluminum lithographic printing plates according to the silver salt diffusion transfer process |
US5399457A (en) * | 1993-10-15 | 1995-03-21 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Process for reducing sludge in diffusion transfer printing plates |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB946538A (en) | 1964-01-15 |
SE315500B (de) | 1969-09-29 |
CH386251A (fr) | 1964-12-31 |
DE1177933B (de) | 1964-09-10 |
GB998447A (en) | 1965-07-14 |
DE1185924B (de) | 1965-01-21 |
CH406848A (fr) | 1966-01-31 |
GB913591A (en) | 1962-12-19 |
NL232607A (de) | |
DE1185925B (de) | 1965-01-21 |
BE620350A (de) | |
NL125604C (de) | |
NL131667C (de) | |
BE572336A (de) | |
NL247505A (de) | |
US3567443A (en) | 1971-03-02 |
FR1213747A (fr) | 1960-04-04 |
US3300306A (en) | 1967-01-24 |
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