Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
  • C11D3/3902—Organic or inorganic per-compounds combined with specific additives
  • C11D3/3905—Bleach activators or bleach catalysts
  • C11D3/3907—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/3915—Sulfur-containing compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/24—Organic compounds containing halogen
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
  • C11D3/3902—Organic or inorganic per-compounds combined with specific additives
  • C11D3/3905—Bleach activators or bleach catalysts
  • C11D3/3907—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/391—Oxygen-containing compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D9/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap
  • C11D9/04—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap containing compounding ingredients other than soaps
  • C11D9/22—Organic compounds, e.g. vitamins
  • C11D9/28—Organic compounds, e.g. vitamins containing halogen
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D9/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap
  • C11D9/04—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap containing compounding ingredients other than soaps
  • C11D9/44—Perfumes; Colouring materials; Brightening agents ; Bleaching agents
  • C11D9/446—Bleaching agents

Definitions

• Chloracetyl phenol-4-potassium sulphonate The invention relates to detergent compositions con- 10 KSO3 C OCO'CH,Cl taining oxygen-yielding compounds, such as sodium perborate, which provide a simultaneous washing and stain chioraceiyiphenowCarboxyhc acid removing action.
• detergent compositions contain an inorganic O peroxy-compound, such as sodium perborate ouodium percarbonate, to provide bleaching and stain-removing COOH properties. These compositions provide an excellent Y ga a bleaching effect at the boil but at a lower temperatures, 000311201 for example 58-80" C., the bleaching action is slower. This means that the detergent composition can be used HOOC OCOCHzCl for washing whites, for example white cotton or linen goods such as table-linen, bed-linen and shirts, at the boil, 5 mm with satisfactory stain removal.
• an inorganic O peroxy-compound such as sodium perborate ouodium percarbonate
• Such detergent compositions are also safe to use on coloured cotton goods Alpha Chloropmplonyl Sahcychc acid and goods of more delicate fabrics such as those con- OCOCHCLCU3 sisting of or containing rayon or artificial fibres, which are normally washed at lower temperatures, such as 50- 5 80 C., without the risk of damage to the colour or the fabric. It is customary for housewives to use detergent chloracetylsahcychc acid compositions for boiling whites and then to wash, at a lower temperature, a second load of coloureds in the QOCOCHZCI wash liquor previously used for Washing the whites.
• the a flamed ester is Particularly PTefflredtherefg e to provide a detergent composition has iS believed the esters of the invention Sectionct effective bleaching and stain removing properties at the with hydrogen Peroxide in the washing Soiutioh temperatures conventionally used in domestic washing hydrogen Peroxide being Provided y the inorganic p y machines, vis. 50-80 c.
• this low temperature bleaching effect should 40 which is highly reactive and which ProvideS an effective not persist so as to be present when the second load bieachihg action, but that the P Y chiofoaiiphatic of coloureds is washed, as it might have a deleterious acid is highly unstable 50 that the bleaching effect is ff t on h l d transient and does not perisist into the second load.
• this low temperature bleaching effect should 40 which is highly reactive and which ProvideS an effective not persist so as to be present when the second load bieachihg action, but that the P Y chiofoaiiphatic of coloureds is washed, as it might have a deleterious acid is highly unstable 50 that the bleaching effect is ff t on h l d transient and does not perisist into the second load.
• the Compositions of detergent compositions which have an accelerated bleachthe invention d0 nevertheless give eiiectivfi bleaching ing effect on the first load of clothes washed and no and Stain removal on the first ioadaccelerated bleaching effect on the second load of clothes
• the P y Compounds of this invention are those washed in the same wash liquor as the first load.
• a g i W W- p are the alkali metal perborates, process for washing a load of white clothes and a load of PtiicaibhhttteS and mohopeisuiiates, Such as Sodium and coloured clothes in the same wash water whereby the white clothes are subjected to an accelerated bleaching effect and the coloured clothes are not subjected to said accelerated bleaching effect.
• customary inorganic peroxy-compounds such as sodium perborate and sod'nim percarbonate
• a detergent composition comprising a soap and/or a synthetic detergent, an inorganic peroxy compound, and an ester of a phenol or substituted phenol with an alpha-chlorinated lower aliphatic carboxylic acid, such as chloracetic acid or alpha chlorpropionic acid, the esters containing no ester group of any acid other than an alpha chlorinated lower alipotassium perborates and sodium and potassium percarbonates or complex salts such as KHSO -K SO 2KHSO
• the proportions of soap or synthetic detergent and olf inorganic peroxy compound in the compositions can be those customarily used in conventional detergent bleaching compositions.
• compositions containing 5 to 50%, by weight, of soap or synthetic detergent and 3 to 20%, by weight, of sodium perborate are suitable.
• the proportion of the ester in the compositions can vary from about 0.05 mole of ester per atom of available oxygen to about 2 moles of ester per atom of available oxygen. A proportion of one mole of ester per atom of available oxygen is highly effective.
• Suitable detergents include:
• Ordinary alkali metal soaps such as the sodium and potassium salts of the higher fatty acids of naturally occurring plant or animal esters (e.g., palm oil, coconut oil, habassu oil, soybean oil, castor oil, tallow, whale and fish oils, grease and lard, and mixtures thereof) or of synthetically produced fatty acids (e.g., by the oxidation of petroleum, or by hydrogenation of carbon monoxide by the Fischer-Tropsch process), of resin acid (e.g. rosin and those resin acids in tall oil) and/or of naphthenic acids.
• Sodium and potassium soaps can be made by direct saponification of the fats and oils or by the neutralization of the free fatty acids which are prepared in a separate manufacturing process. These soaps are normally hydrogenated, at least slightly, for better keeping qualities.
• Synthetic organic detergents characterized by their high solubility in water, their resistance to precipitation by the constitutents of hard water and their surface active and effective detergent properties, including:
• Anionic synthetic detergents (excluding true soaps): This class of synthetic detergents can be broadly described as the water-soluble salts, particularly the alkali metal salts, of organic sulfuric reaction product having in the molecular structure an alkyl radical containing from about 8 to about 22 carbon atoms and a radical selected from the group consisting of sulfonic acid and sulfuric acid ester radicals.
• the synthetic detergents which form a part of the preferred compositions of the present invention are the sodium or potassium alkyl sulfates, especially those obtained by sulfating the higher alcohols produced by reducing the glycerides of tallow or coconut oil; sodium or potassium alkyl benzene sulfonates, in which the alkyl group contains from about 9 to about carbon atoms, especially those of the types described in United States Letters Patent Numbers 2,220,099 and 2,477,383; sodium alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonates, especially those ethers of the higher alcohols derived from tallow and coconut oil; sodium coconut oil fatty acid monoglyceride sulfates and sulfonates; sodium or potassium salts of sulfuric acid esters of the reaction product of one mole of a higher fatty alcohol (e.g., tallow or coconut oil alcohols) and about three moles of ethylene oxide; sodium or potassium salts of alkyl phenol ethylene
• Nonionic synthetic detergents This class of synthetic detergents may be broadly defined as compounds produced by the condensation of alkylene oxide groups (hydrophilic in nature) with an organic hydrophobic compound, which may be aliphatic or alkyl aromatic in nature. The length of the hydrophilic or polyoxyalkylene radical which is condensed with any particular hydrophobic group can be readily adjusted to yield a water-soluble compound having the desired degree of balance between hydrophilic and hydrophobic elements.
• Pluronic a well known class of nonionic syn thetic detergents is made available on the market under the trade name of Pluronic.
• Pluronic These compounds are formed by condensing ethylene oxide with an hydrophobic base formed by the condensation of propylene oxide with propylene glycol.
• the hydrophobic portion of the molecule which, of course, exhibits water insolubility has a molecular weight of from about 1500 to 1800.
• the addition of polyoxyethylene radicals to this hydrophobic portion tends to increase the water solubility of the molecule as a whole and the liquid character of the products is retained up to the point where polyoxyethylene content is about 50% of the total weight of the condensation product.
• nonionic synthetic detergents include:
• the polyethylene oxide condensates of alkyl phenols, e.g., the condensation products of alkyl phenols having an alkyl group containing from about 6 to 12 carbon atoms in either a straight chain or branched chain configuration, with ethylene oxide, the said ethylene oxide being present in amounts equal to 10 to 25 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alkyl phenol.
• the alkyl substituent in such compounds may be derived from polymerized propylene, diisobutylene, octane, or nonane, for example.
• Trialkyl phosphine oxides wherein one alkyl group ranges from 10 to 18 carbon atoms and two alkyl groups range from 1 to 3 carbon atoms; the alkyl groups can contain hydroxy substituents; a specific example is tetra decyl dimethyl phosphine oxide.
• Zwitterionic detergents such as betaine and betainelike detergents wherein the molecule contains both basic and acidic groups which form an inner salt giving the molecule both cationic and anionic hydrophilic groups over a broad range of wash water pH values.
• Amphoteric and ampholytic detergents which can be either cationic or anionic depending upon the pH of the system and which are represented by detergents such as dodecyl-beta-alanine, Nalkyltaurines such as the one prepared by reacting dodecylamine with sodium isethionate according to the teaching of U.S. 2,658,072, N-higher alkylaspartic acids such as those produced according to the teaching of U.S. 2,438,091, and the products sold under the trade name Miranol" and described in U.S. 2,528,378.
• detergents such as dodecyl-beta-alanine, Nalkyltaurines such as the one prepared by reacting dodecylamine with sodium isethionate according to the teaching of U.S. 2,658,072, N-higher alkylaspartic acids such as those produced according to the teaching of U.S. 2,438,091, and the products sold under the trade name Miranol" and
• compositions can also contain conventional in gredients such as builder salts (e.g., pyrophosphates, tripolyphosphates, carbonates, acid pyrophosphates, phosphates, and silicates of alkali metals; nitrilo triacetic acid and ethylene diaminetetraacetic acid and alkali metal salts thereof; and sodium and potassium phytates); antiredeposition agents such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; suds builders such as ammonia amides, N-alkyl amides, and alkanolamides of fatty acids (e.g., coconut monoethanolamide and lauroyl and myristoyl glycerol amides, ethanol amides and isopropanol amides); optical bleaching agents; colour; and perfume.
• builder salts e.g., pyrophosphates, tripolyphosphates, carbonates, acid pyrophosphates, phosphates, and silicates of alkal
• Example A spray dried detergent composition was prepared, containing the following (all figures are parts by weight):
• Monoethanolamide of coconut fatty acids 2.5 Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose 1.0 Sodium sulphate 27.5 Moisture 10 80 parts by weight of this detergent powder were mixed with 8 parts by weight of sodium perborate and 12 parts by weight of chloracetyl salicylic acid.
• a two-inch square piece of tea-stained cloth was washed for minutes at 50 C. in a solution of 2.4 gms. of the above mixture in 400 ml. of distilled water. After rinsing in distilled water and drying and ironing the stain removal as measured on the Eel reflectometer was equivalent to an increase in reflectance of 30%.
• the substitution of other builders such as alkali metal pyrophosphates, phosphates, phytates, etc., for the sodium tripolyphosphate, or the elimination of builders altogether does not aflect the performance of the bleaching system.
• the substitution of coconut fatty acid ammonia amide, isopropanol amide, or glycerol amide for the ethanol amide of this example, or the elimination of suds builders altogether does not affect the performance of the bleaching system.
• a household laundry detergent composition com prising (A) from 5 to of an organic detergent selected from the group consisting of (l) alkali metal soaps of higher fatty acids, (2) anionic non-soap synthetic detergents, (3) nonionic synthetic detergents, (4) zwitterionic synthetic detergents, and (5) amphoteric synthetic detergents; (B) from 33-20% by weight of inorganic peroxy-compound selected from the group consisting of sodium and potassium perborates, percarbonates and monopersulfates; and (C) from about 0.5 to about 2.0 moles per mole of available oxygen in said peroxy-compound of an ester of a phenol selected from the group consisting of phenol and substituted phenols containing at least one substituent group selected from the group consisting of carboxyl groups and sulphonic acid groups and an alpha-chlorinated lower aliphatic acid selected from the group consisting of acetic and propionic acids.
• an organic detergent selected from the group consisting of (l) alkali metal soaps

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)

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Cited By (26)

Citations (3)

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  • BE BE621901D patent/BE621901A/xx unknown
  • NL NL282587D patent/NL282587A/xx unknown
• 1961
  • 1961-08-31 GB GB31430/61A patent/GB1025791A/en not_active Expired
• 1962
  • 1962-08-22 US US218524A patent/US3130165A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1962-08-30 DE DEP30107A patent/DE1227179B/de active Pending

Patent Citations (3)

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