US312288A - Lathe for turning irregular forms - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

G. H. OBI-3R.

LATHE FOR TURNING IRREGULAR FORMS. No. 312,288. Patented Feb. 17, 1885.

Unirno Srarns Parana @rrrci.

GEORGE H. once, or CHAGRIN FALLS, OHIO.

LATHE FOR TURNING IRREGULAR FORMS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 312,288, dated February 17, 1885.

Application filed July 16, 1884.

(No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE H. OBER, of

OhagrinFalls, in the county of Ouyahoga and State of Ohio, haveinvented certain Improve ments in Lathes for Turning Irregular Forms, and relates to certain devices arranged in combination with the feed mechanism for operating the same slowly or rapidly, as the nature or shape of the article being turned may require, and thereby producing more perfect work and more expeditiously performed than heretofore effected in this class of machines. A further improvement consists in the mode of moving the carriage of revolving cutterhead reciprocallyin the line of the work,while the vibrating frame holding the pattern and stock remains stationary--that is to say,without longitudinal movement in the line of the work.

The aforesaid inventions are improvements on a lathe for which a patent was granted to me July 26, 1881, No. 244,925.

The improvements above referred to are fully set forth in the following specification and shown in the accompanying drawings, making a part of the same, in which" Figure 1 represents a side view of the machine. Figs. 2, 8, at, 5, and 6 are detached sect-ions, which will be'rcferred to in description.

Like letters denote like parts in the several drawings. On the top of the frame A, Fig. 1, of the machine is arranged on suitable ways a sliding carriage, B, in which is journaled a head of cutters, 0, made to revolve by a drivingshaft, D, on which the head of cutters slide reciprocally, and to which shaft the head is secured by a feather-key adapted to fit and slide in a groove, 11, in the side of the shaft. The feather-key is not shown in connection with the groove or slot. It is a well-known device; hence no special description thereof will be essential in this place.

On one side of the frame A projects a pair of brackets, E, to which is hinged at a the vi brating frame F, on one end of which is fixed a bifurcated standard, G, Fig. 1, also indicated by the dotted lines I), Fig. 2. A corresponding standard, H, is adjustably secured to said frame, and made fast thereto in any particular place by an ordinary clamping-bolt and nut, c. The vibrating frame and bifurcated standards are constructed substantially in the same way as the frame and standards shown in the patent above referred to, in which a full detailed descriptionis given ofthe frame, its uses, and the relation which the gearing 1, 2, 3, and 4 have to each other and to the head of the cutters; hence a description thereof is not in this place essential, as it forms no part of this my improved machine, further than to say that in the bifurcated arms are held the patterns I, and by the centers d cl are held the stock or articles to be turned. (Not shown in the drawings.)

The carriage B, with its revolving head of cutters, is fed along upon the shaft D by a screw, J, Fig. 3, to which the carriage is connected by a clamping two-part nut, e, substantially in the same way as the sliding frame is operated in the patent above alluded to, and to which attention is called.

At the operative nd of the frame A projects a bracket, K, Figs. 1 and 4, in which are journaled a pair of conical rollers, L and M, Figs. 1 and 4, arranged reversely in respect to each other, as shown in said figures, in which it will be seen that the shafts of said rollers are parallel with the main shaft D, by which the roller M is driven by a belt from the pulley e. I

' To the wheel N, Figs. 1 and 1, motion is transmitted from the conical roller M to the conical roller L by means of the inter-posed transfeuwheel 0, arranged between the two cones and in peripheral contact therewith, as seen in Fig. 4. The transfer-wheel O is journaled in a bifurcated hanger, P, Figs. 4 and 6, provided with a disk, f. from which the arms depend, forming an integral part thereof, and by which disk the hanger is adjustably connected to a corresponding disk, h, by means of a set-screw, i, passing through a slot in the upper disk, and screwed into the lower'disk, f, substantially as seen in Figs. 5 and 6. The upper disk, h, is provided with a sleeve, Q, through which passes a bar, R, from which the hanger and the transfer-wheel O are suspended in the ends of the frame A, so that they may hang centrally between the cones, as seenin Fig. 4.. The frame Aisjointed to an arm, B, Fig. 1, projecting from the under side of the bracket K. In thus hinging the frame to the bracket it is allowed an upward vibratory movement, for a purpose presently shown. The object in suspending the hanger P from the bar R by means of the interposed disk It is to be enabled to adjust the transfer-wheel 0 so that its axial line shall be parallel with the axial lines of the cones L and M, while the suspension-bar R is so arranged as to be parallel with the approximated faces of the cones L and M, instead of being parallel with the axial lines of the cones, and with the main shaft D and the shifting-rod G, to which the bar R and hanger, with its wheel- O, are connected by an arm, D. Ihe shifting-rod 0 extends from its connection with the hanger of the transfer-wheel 0 back to the rear end of the frame A, in which it is supported, as shown in Fig. 1. To said rod is secured a trip, E. in detail consists of the center m, having a loop or eye, a, through which passes the shifting-rod O, which allows the center and the arms Z1 and c projecting therefrom to retate on the loop-stem, as and for a purpose hereinafter described.

F is a link connecting the arm 0 of the trip to the rod 0 by means of the clip G, secured to the rod by a set-screw, and adjustable thereon, for shifting the trip, along upon the rod. It will be noted that the connections of the link with the arm of the trip and rod 0 are pivoted, to permit a free and easy movement of the several parts.

To the rod 0 is rigidly connected an arm, H, Fig. 1, which extends therefrom to the centering-mandrel d of the vibrating frame F, and in tactual relation with said mandrel, by which the arm is operated, as and for the purpose set forth hereinafter.

Having described the construction and arrangement of the machine, I will refer to the practical operation thereof, as follows:

In turning articles of irregular forms some parts of the article, are larger than certain other parts, and of greatly different shapes as, for example, the aX-handle I, (shown in Fig. 1,) and the ax end of the handle being much larger than the rest part thereof, and differing much in shape. In turning such an article it is desirable, in view of the shape of the large part at I, to feed the cutters and re volve the pattern and stick to be turned much slower for turning that particular part than it is required to turn the smaller and rounder part of the handle, and so of any other article or articles having one part thereof larger in diameter and differing in shape; hence the feed of the cutters and the motion of the pattern and stick being turned are regulated for the larger diameter and the peculiar shape thereof without respect to the shape and smaller portion of the article, which, as a consequence, is turned with the same measure of motion as the larger diameter and shape, whereas the This trip motion for turning the smaller part would bear being largely increased, and thus shorten the time for turning the article. In the ordinary lathe for turning irregular forms there is no provision made while the machine is in operation for a difl'erentiation in the feed of the cutters, and revolving the pattern and stick when set for a piece of work. The same degree of feed is continued through the entire article and adapted to the shape or large diameter thereof, althon gh it may be the shorter in length; hence it takes the samelength of time to turn the article having a long length of small diameter and a short portion there of having a larger diameter of a peculiar shape as it would to turn an article whose entire length is of a larger diameter of peculiar shape.

To avoid the above-described objectionable features in the ordinary lathe and cause a differentiation in the feed and motion of the pattern and stick as the variations in the shape of the article being turned may require, and that while the machine is in operation, is the purpose of this invention, which is accomplished by the pair of conical rollers above described,as follows:

Power for operating the lathe is applied to the pulley J of the main shaft, from which it is transferred to the cone L by the belt K. Motion from the cone L is transmitted to the cone M by the transfer-wheel 0, from which motion is conveyed to the gearing 1, 2, 3, and 4 for operating the feed of the cutters, also the pattern I, and the stock or wood of which the article is to be turned is not shown in the drawings, of which, however, d (l are the centers. As shown in the drawings, an ax-helve is supposed to be the article to be turned, of which lis the most difficult part to be worked, but the shortest in length. Now, in order to adapt the speed of the feed to this peculiar part or shape of the article, the transfer friction-wheel O is so adjusted on the rod 0 as to be near the large end of the cone M, or so near the large end as may be deemed necessary for the degree of feed and motion of the pattern to turn the part I of the ax-handle, which may be about where the transfer-wheel O is shown in the drawings. The trip F is then adjusted on the rod O,a certain distance from the carriage B of the cutter-head, which, as the head revolves, it is regularly fed along by the feed-screw J, operated, as above said, by the cone M. As the carriage B moves forward and the cutters have turned the part I of the handle, said carriage comes in contact with the arm 0 of the trip and gradually pushesit in the direction of the dotted line :6, thereby drawing the friction or transfer wheel 0 by the rod 0 toward the larger end of the cone L, causing an acceleration of the friction or transfer wheel 0, and a consequent increased rotative movement of the cone M, whichit transfers to the feed-screw, the pattern and the stick being turned, thereby increasing the rotation of said screw, causing the carriage and the cutters to move faster along the smaller parts of the handle, also increasing the rotation of the pattern and stick and turning the said smaller parts faster than was turned the larger part I, byvirtue of the in creased speed thus obtained to the feed-screw, &c. When the cutters have reached the end of the handle,the two-part nut connecting the feed-screw to the carriage is opened by a trip in the usual way, and thus arrests the forward movement of the cutter-head, and allows the carriage to be drawn back, which is done by a weight attached thereto by means of a cord. While the carriage B is being drawn back, the feed-screw, pattern, and turned article ceases to revolve, in consequence of the friction or transfer wheel 0 being lifted from its tactual relation withthe cone-rollers, which is effected by the arm H. Thus as the operator vibrates the frame F outward to withdraw the turned article from the cutters, the mandrel (1 draws upon the end of the arm 11, thereby causing it to givea turn to the rod 0, so much as will lift the transfer friction-wheel 0 from its contact with the rollers, and thereby bring them to rest, and also the feed-screw, &c.

During the lifting of the friction or transfer wheel 0 from the cone-rollers, itis at the same time pushed back by the rod 0 to its former relation with the cones, for stowing the feedscrew for turning the part I of another handle, as above described. The backward movement of the rod is caused by the carriage B, which, as it moves back, impinges upon the end 0 of the trip E, which, by virtue of gravity, becomes so far elevated from the position indicated by the dotted line 00 as to be impinged upon by the returning carriage, and thus cause the backward movement of the rod 0, for the purpose above specified.

In turning some irregular forms, the nature of which may be such as to make it desirable to commence with a fast motion for a time and then slow down, in view of an increase in the size ofthe diameter ofthe article being turned, or a difference occurring in the shape of it requiring a slow motion of the pattern, such a differential movement is made by simply shifting the trip E on the rod 0 as the nature of the work may require, and, if necessary to adapt the motion to the various forms or diameters of the article, more than one trip may be used for moving the friction-wheel O in its relation to the cone rollers, for increasing or decreasing the feed of the cutters and motion of the pattern as the work may render expedient.

In my patent above referred to, the carriage in which the patterns and the stock were held is movable longitudinally and reciprocally on the frame A, and the head of the cutters stationary-that is to say, the head of cutters had no reciprocal longitudinal movement, but only a a rotative one, in view of which the work was fed to the revolving cutters, instead of the cut purpose set forth.

ters being fed to the work, as in this my improved machine.

In reversing the operation of the machine, as above described, I have been enabled to shorten it up nearly one-half; hence it takes up less room and is less complicated and more conveniently operated. As aforesaid, the head of cutters is carried by the main shaft D, and on which it slides as the carriage B is moved along by the feed-screw. In feeding the cutters to the work much better results are obtained, as the turning of the article is more smoothly done than when the work is fed to the cutters.

The exact construction and and arrangement of the details of the machine as herein presented is not insisted upon, as such details are susceptible of various modifications without departing from the nature of my improvements.

WhatI claim as my improvement, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In machines or lathes for turning irregular forms, in combination with the feed mechanism thereof and mechanism for operating the pattern and stick, a pair of conical rollers arranged reversely in respect to each other, and having interposed between them and in factual relation therewith a friction transferwheel having its axial line of rotation parallel with the axial lines of said conical rollers, and held in its relation to the said rollers by being suspended from a rod or bar arranged parallel with the approximated faces of the cones, substantially as described, and for the 2. In a lathe for turning irregular forms, the friction transfer'wheel and vibratory frame A, and suspending the same from the bar R of the frame by means of the adjustable hanger, in combination with the rod 0, trip, and earriage carrying the head of revolving cutters, substantially in the manner described, and for the purpose set forth.

3. In combination with the reciprocallytraversing carriage B, carrying the revolving head of cutters, the feed-screw J, attached to the carriage by a clamping two-part nut, and a trip for opening said nut to disengage the screw from the carriage, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

i. In a lathe for turning irregular forms, the reciprocally-moving carriage B, havingjournaled therein a head of cutters revolved by a shaft passing centrally through said head, and to which it is secured by a feather-key and groove, and upon which shaft the head of the revolving cutters traverse while being fed to the work or article revolving in the arms of the vibrating frame F,-having no longitudinal movement, but stationary in its relation to the reciprocating traversing frame B and revolving cutters, substantially as set forth, and for the purpose described.

5. A pair of conical rollers arranged reversely in respect to each other, and having interposed between them and in taetual relation therewith a transfer friction-wheel hav ing its axial line of rotation parallel with axial lines of the conical rollers and held in position relative to the rollers by being suspended from a rod or bar arranged parallel with the approximated faces of said rollers, in combination with a shifting bar or rod for changing

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