US3097449A - kellett - Google Patents

Description

July 16, 1963 w. B. KELLETT VENTILATED, ORNAMENTAL SHELTER 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Dec. 1, 1959 WILLIAM B. KELLETT. BY

ATTORNEY.

Jul 16, 1963 w. B. KELLETT 3,097,449

VENTILATED, ORNAMENTAL SHELTER Filed Dec. 1, 1959 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR.

WILLIAM B. KELLETT.

ATTORNEY.

United States Patent 3,097,449 VENTILATED, ORNAMENTAL SHELTER William B. Kellett, 3715 E. 4th St., Tucson, Ariz. Filed Dec. 1, 1959, Ser. No. 856,530 1 Claim. (Cl. 59-115) This invention relates to a wind resistant structure, and more particularly to such a structure suitable for use as protection from extreme heat from the sun. Drivein cafes in certain parts of the country are faced with the problem in the summertime that the sun becomes so excessively hot that there is no incentive for customers to partake of food in their automobiles. Commercial and private swimming pools have a similar problem in that bathers become extremely uncomfortable when exposed to the full force of the sun. Some drive-in cafes and swimming pools utilize shelters consisting of an awning or other overhead protector. One popular type of shelter is made of Wrought iron and fiberglass. While this type of shelter is generally quite useful, it does not completely solve the problem. Heat has a tendency to accumulate under an overhead shelter making it extremely hot. Also, since the attractiveness of such a shelter adds to its value, structural stability often gives way to aesthetic considerations which usually results in a structure having large roof areas exposed to high winds without adequate reinforcement.

Most shelters made of wrought iron and fiberglass employ corrugated sheets of fiberglass. The corrugations in these sheets are so fiat and so shallow that wind will drive rain under the lapped edges of adjacent sheets and drip onto the area under the shelter.

I have found that a suitable shelter can be provided Which not only has great attractiveness, but it also wind resistant, is comfortable and prevents rain from dripping onto the area under the shelter. I accomplish this by providing a shelter of wrought iron and fiberglass with (1) a gabled roof terminating at both ends in ventilated gables; (2) a longitudinally extending, substantially open, box-type ridge girder having wrought iron scrolls and (3) a series of rafters and purlins which are shaped and arranged to collect any water that may leak through the joints formed by overlapping adjacent corrugations of the individual corrugated sheets used for the roof.

It is an object of my invention to provide an attractive shelter of the type described which affords suitable protection from the sun and which is not susceptible to being destroyed by high winds.

Another object of the invention is to provide a structure of the type described which can be constructed economically without sacrificing its attractiveness while increasing its structural stability and resistance to wind.

A further object of the invention is to provide a wrought iron and fiberglass shelter having a gabled roof, a ventilated ridge girder and ventilated gables.

A still further object of the invention is to provide end gables for a gabled-roof type shelter which have sufficient bracing, are attractive, offer increased ventilation and which carry the ends of a ridge girder.

Another object of the invention is to provide a shelter employing conugated roofing with rafters and purlins which collect water leaking past the joints formed by overlapping corrugations of adjacent sheets and which offer increased resistance to wind and other loads over conventional rafters and purlins.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved ridge girder of the open, box type which is attractive, has great strength and which provides a support for a superjacent secondary roof.

With these and other objects in view, the invention comprises certain novel features of construction, as will 3,097,449 Patented July 16, 1963 be more fully described and particularly pointed out in the appended claim.

The invention will be more readily understood from a reading of the following specification and by reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

FIGURE 1 is a partial elevational view of my improved wind resistant, ventilated structure;

FIGURE 2 is a sectional view taken along line 2-2 of FIGURE 1;

FIGURE 3 is a of the ridge girder;

FIGURE 4 is a sectional of FIGURE 6;

FIGURE 5 is a sectional view taken along line 5-5 of FIGURE 4;

FIGURE 6 is a plan view, with parts broken away, of certain details of construction of the structure of FIG- URE 1; and

FIGURE 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 7-7 of FIGURE 6.

Referring to the drawings, a ventilated shelter 10 comprises primary roof sections 12, secondary roof sections 14, a substantially open, longitudinally extending, boxtype ridge girder 16, substantially open end gables 18, rectangular end valances 20, rectangular side valances 22, rafters 23 and purlins 24-. A plurality of posts 25 support the shelter 10 The ridge girder 16 comprises spaced, longitudinally extending lower primary rails 26 and spaced, longitudinally extending upper primary rails 28. The primary rails may be constructed in any suitable manner and are shown for purposes of illustration as inner angle irons 30 and outer angle irons 32 rigidly afiixed together in back-to-back relation, as shown in FIGURE 3. A plurality of upstanding, rectangular supports 34 are affixed at their ends to the upper, primary rails: 28. Longitudinal secondary rails 36 are afiixed to the upper ends of the upstanding supports 34. The secondary roof 14 may be attached to the secondary rails 36. The lower primary rails 26 are maintained in spaced relation by short lengths of angle iron 37 which may be rigidly affixed to the upper surface of the horizontal lipor leg of the inner tangle iron 30. A plurality of scrolls 38 and struts 39 are attached to the ridge girder 16 between the rails 26 and 28 to enhance the appearance of the girder 16 and to strengthen it without materially limiting the free passage of hot air and wind thererthrough. Such hot air and wind then passes through the space between the primary roof 12 and the secondary roof 14. In practice, it has been noted that hot air escaping through this space creates a mild draft which makes the, area beneath the shelter 10 much cooler than the area beneath conventional shelters.

The rectangular valances 20 and 22 include upper and lower horizontal members 46 and 48. The horizontal members 46 and 48 may be fabricated of inner angle irons 50 and outer angle irons 51 rigidly affixed together in back-to-back relation. The vertical lips or legs 52a and 52b of the angle irons 50 and 51, respectively, define the inner perimeters of the valances 20 and 22 and the horizontal lips or legs 54b of the outer angle irons 51 define the outer perimeters of the valances 20 and 22. The ends of the valances 20 and 22 are joined together by removing the equivalent :of one width of the horizontal leg 54a of the side valances 22 from the horizontal legs 54a and 54b at the ends of valances 20. Horizontal legs 54a of the side valances 22 may then be welded to the ends of valances 20 in place of the removed material. A plurality of scrolls 56 and struts 58 may be rigidly afiixed to the edges of the vertical legs 52a and 52b of the horizontal members 46 and 48 to impart rigidity to the valances 20 and 22 without detracting from their attracperspective view of one end portion view taken along line 44 tiveness. If desired, the appearance of the valances 20 and 22 may be further enhanced by placing colored, translucent panels 60 behind the scrolls 56 and within the perimeter defined by the inner faces 62 of the horizontal legs 54b of the inner angle irons 50. The panels 60 may be secured in any suitable manner, not shown, to the vertical legs 52a of the inner angle irons 50. Of course it is obvious that the translucent panels 60 may be placed in front ofthe scrolls 56 by attaching them to the vertical legs 52b of the outer angle irons 51.

The end gables include vertical legs 67 which are rigidly afiixed, in spaced relation to each other, to the upper horizontal members 46 of the end valances 20. A sloping member 68 is rigidly afiixed at one end to the upper end of each leg 67 and at the other end to the horizontal members 46. A plurality of scrolls 56a and struts 58a, similar to, and serving the same functions as, the scrolls 56 and struts 58, are rigidly affixed to the sloping member 68 and the horizontal member 46. The scrolls 56a are not covered so that high winds and heat may pass freely through the gables 18.

Saddles 70 are formed by the inner sides of the vertical legs 67 and the upper surface of the portions of the horizontal members 46 lying between the legs 67 The saddles 70 receive the ends of the ridge girder 16. As shown in FIGURE 3, extensions 72 of the lower primary rails 26 have their horizontal legs rigidly affixed tothe horizontal members 46 and their vertical legs rigidly aflixed to the lower portions of legs 67. The extensions 72 of the upper primary rails 28 have their horizontal legs rigidly affixed to the lower ends of supports 34 and their vertical legs rigidly aflixed to the upper portions of the legs 67. This not only firmly anchors the ridge girder 16, but reinforces it against skewing or twisting. Additional gables 18 and valances 20 may be afiixed to posts 25 which are set on suitable centers, such as 20 feet, within an extra long shelter, as shown at 18m and 20b in FIGURE 2.

As shown in FIGURES 4 and 6, the rafters 23 are substantially Vsshaped in cross section with integral flanges 74 sloping outwardly and upwardly from the top of each leg of the V. The rafters 23 have one end attached to the ridge girder 16 and the other end to the side valances 22. The rafters 23 may be aflixed to the ridge girder 16 by welding the upper surface of flanges 74 to the underside of the horizontal leg of the outer angle iron 32 of the upper primary rail 28, as shown in FIGURE 7. The rafters 23 may be afiixed to the side valances 22 by welding the upper surface of flanges 74 to the underside of the horizontal legs 54a of the inner angle irons 50.

As shown in FIGURE 5, the purlins 24 are also V- shaped with flanges 76 extending outwardly from the top of each leg of the V. The purlins 24 are placed normal to the rafters 23 and are rigidly held in place by welding the upper surface of flanges 76 to the underside of flanges 74. The ends of the purlins 24 may be cut on an angle as shown at 78 in FIGURE 4 so that they will fit the slope of the legs of the V shaped rafter 23 to make a more rigid and neater appearing roof structure.

The primary roof sections 12 may be made of any suitable material, such as colored, translucent corrugated fiberglass sheets 80.. As will be noted in FIGURE 4, each sheet 80 has relatively flat ridges 82 and shallow valleys 84. Adjacent sheets 80 are usually lapped to form a joint 86 having an edge 88a exposed to driving rain which may flow under edge 88a and past the edge 88b. The rafters 23 are spaced so that the joints or sections 86 are centered over the widest part of the V. This arrangement places the edges 88a and 88b of the section 86 over the sloping flanges 74- so that any water leaking past the edge 88b will collect in the trough of the V-shaped rafter 23. Water which collects in the rafters will either flow by gravity with the slope of the roof and drain out the end of the rafters or evaporate therefrom.

It will be seen that I have invented a new and useful shelter of the type described which is attractive, is not likely to be damaged by high winds, employs a ventilated roof structure and employs rafters designed to collect water which may leak through the roof at overlapping corrugations.

I claim:

In a ventilated structure having first and second primary corrugated roof sections and a secondary corrugated roof section superjacent said primary roof sections, an improved frame for supporting said roof sections in such a manner that air currents will be induced to flow from the interior of said structure to the exterior thereof comprising:

a pair of substantially open end gables;

an open-ended ridge girder having an end connected to each gable, said girder including first and second upper rails and first and second lower rails, a first set of horizontal members connecting said upper rails together in spaced relation, a second set of horizontal members connecting said lower rails together in spaced relation, a first set of vertical members connecting said first upper and lower rails together in spaced relation and a second set of vertical members connecting said second upper and lower rails together in spaced relation;

first and second pluralities of V-shaped rafters having one end connected to said first and second upper rails, respectively, said rafters being spaced along said upper rails between said gables for supporting said first and second primary roof sections, respectively, in such a manner that air currents are free to flow from the interior of said structure to the exterior thereof through said girder;

means supporting the other ends of said V-shaped rafters; and

framing means attached to the upper side of said girder for supporting said secondary roof section in spaced relation above said primary roof sections.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Re. 3,293 Hervey Feb. 9, 1869 140,772 Gottlieb July 15, 1873 435,156 Schmenmann Aug. 26, 1890 1,126,638 lager Jan. 12, 1915 2,177,932 Battey et al Oct. 31, 1939 FOREIGN PATENTS 7,493 Great'Britain May 4, 1889 518,210 Belgium Mar. 31, 1953 1,075,111 France Apr. 14, 1954

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