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US3076410A - Centrifugally armed fuze for rotating projectile - Google Patents

Centrifugally armed fuze for rotating projectile Download PDF

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Publication number
US3076410A
US3076410A US71575A US7157560A US3076410A US 3076410 A US3076410 A US 3076410A US 71575 A US71575 A US 71575A US 7157560 A US7157560 A US 7157560A US 3076410 A US3076410 A US 3076410A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
fuze
sleeve
projectile
strip
housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US71575A
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English (en)
Inventor
Guerne William
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Brevets Aero Mecaniques SA
Original Assignee
Brevets Aero Mecaniques SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Brevets Aero Mecaniques SA filed Critical Brevets Aero Mecaniques SA
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3076410A publication Critical patent/US3076410A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/20—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a securing-pin or latch is removed to arm the fuze, e.g. removed from the firing-pin
    • F42C15/22—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a securing-pin or latch is removed to arm the fuze, e.g. removed from the firing-pin using centrifugal force

Definitions

  • This invention relates to centrifugally-armed fuzes for rotatable or spin stabilized projectiles, -i.e. to fuzes wherein the striker or like igniting means is normally retained at the inoperative position by a locking device and is liberated under the action of centrifugal forces developed by rotation of the projectile when the latter is fired, whereby the fuze is armed, as for instance by being rendered sensitive to impact.
  • the locking device is liberated as soon as the projectile begins rotating about its axis at a sufficient angular velocity. Consequently the fuze is armed immediately at the outlet of the gun or even within the latter and the projectile is therefore liable to burst on impact against any kind of unexpected object, such as for instance branches, wires, etc.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a fuze wherein the arming of the fuze is delayed.
  • the locking device in a centrifugallyarmed fuze the locking device is rotatable with respect to the fuze about the axis thereof and is submitted to the temporary action of means which under the action of centrifugal forces cause the said locking device to rotate during a time with respect to the fuze in a direction opposed to the direction of rotation of the fuze itself and at such a relative angular velocity that the absolute angular velocity of the said device about the fuze axis be temporarily lowered below the minimum value for which the said device liberates the striker or like igniting means.
  • the locking device is conveniently in the form of a split expansible sleeve loosely mounted on the striker or the like and adapted to form a retaining abutment for a shoulder thereof before the projectile is launched, means being provided to frictionally connect the said sleeve and the body of the fuze while permitting angular slip.
  • the sleeve may be retained against expansion by the means adapted to rotate the said sleeve with respect to the fuze itself during the operating step of the said means.
  • the means adapted to rotate temporarily the sleeve within the fuze body when the projectile is fired may be I in the form of a strip, preferably made of a resilient or non-resilient metal such as tin, the said strip being wound about the sleeve an appropriate number of times and its inner end being attached to the sleeve, while its outer end is secured to the fuze body, at least when the projectile is tired, the winding direction of the said strip about the said sleeve being such that when the said strip unwinds under the action of centrifugal forces, the sleeve be rotated in-the fuze in the reverse direction with respect to the direction of rotation of the projectile.
  • a strip preferably made of a resilient or non-resilient metal such as tin
  • the strip Before the projectile is fired the strip is tightly wound on the sleeve and it is conveniently surrounded by a safety split ring, which opens under the action of centrifugal forces, whereby the outer end of the strip may apply against the fuze body and become frictionally secured thereto by the said forces.
  • the inner end of the strip may be disengageably anchored onto the sleeve at two points situated on each side of the slot thereof, in such a manner that the said sleeve is retained against expansion under the action of centrifugal forces until the said strip is wholly disengaged therefrom.
  • the sleeve may be formed with two anchoring notches on each side of its slot, the strip being pressed and engaged into the said notches.
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional elevation of a fuze according to this invention. 1
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged transverse section thereof taken along line :IIII of FIG. 1.
  • reference numeral 1 designates a striker slidably disposed in the body 2 of the fuze, the said striker being adapted to move rearwardly within the fuze on impact to cause ignition of a pyrotechnic composition such as for instance an initiating charge or primer, disposed in the bottom of the fuze body 2.
  • a pyrotechnic composition such as for instance an initiating charge or primer
  • this locking evice is formed of a radially split and therefore expansible sleeve 4 which, until the projectile is fired, forms an abutment for a shoulder 1a provided on striker 1.
  • this split sleeve 4 is of substantial width. It is provided with a radial slot 4a opening at both ends and with a number of additional notches 4b, 40 which do not extend to the inner surface of the said sleeve, these notches increasing the flexibility of the sleeve.
  • the split expansible sleeve 4 would expand as soon as the angular velocity of the projectile about its own axis exceeds a predetermined value.
  • the fuze would become armed at its outlet from the gun or even within the latter.
  • the projectile could therefore burst on impact against branches, camouflage c'ontrivances, etc., or even due to a plug of grease left at the outlet of the gun.
  • the said sleeve may rotate with respect to the fuze about the axis of the latter and by providing centrifugal means whereby the sleeve is then caused to rotate temporarily with respect to the fuze in the reverse direction with respect to the direction of rotation of the fune itself, in such a manner that theabsolute angular velocity of the sleeve is then smaller than the angular velocity of the fuze and remains below the limit required to liberate striker 1, when the aforesaid centrifugal means become ineffective, the angular ve; locity of sleeve 4 tends to increase under the action of frictional forces until it is equal to the angular velocity of the fuze itself.
  • the sleeve therefore expands and liberates the striker, whereby the fuze is armed.
  • the arming of the fuze is delayed, whereby the latter is safe against untimely operation on a given leng temporarily rotate the expansible sleeve 4 that they positively retain the sleeve at its unexpanded position during their rotating action on the latter.
  • the fuze remains safe even, for instance, if the absolute angular velocity of the expansible sleeve 4 after the projectile has just been fired is somewhat higher than provided, or if the expansible sleeve is somewhat more flexible than expected.
  • the direction of winding of strip 5 about striker 1 is such that when the projectile rotates, the unwinding "of the successive turns 'of the said strip under the action of centrifugal forces should rotate the "expansible sleeve 4 ab'outstriker 1 with respect to the fuze in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the fuze about its own axis.
  • arrow F indica'testhe direction of rotation of the fuze, while arrow indicates the direction of the relative r'otation of the sleeve within the fuze.
  • Thes't'rip 5 wound on the striker 1 is preferably norfinally retained in position by an outer split ring 6 which s ans under the action of centrifugal forces as soon as the projectile begins rotating, as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the outer end of strip '5 is then liberated and it is applied by centrifugal forces against the outer wall of an annular reeess 7 provided in the fuze body around the cylin- "drioalportion' of'striker 1 on which 'the'expansible-sleeve Wis disposed.
  • strip Sis preferably anchored onto the split iexpansimesneve 4 at two pointsdisposed on 'e'a'clrside of the'slot "4a thereof in such a manner that "the portion of the "strip "extending between these points and which bridges the said slot 4a may retain the sleeve in the unexpfanded state until the strip is wholly unwound therefrom.
  • the safety delay between the launching of the projectile and the arming of the f'fu'ze is dependent of anumber of factors, such as the j thicknes's "of strip '5, the length thereof, the mass of "sleeve 4, etc.
  • the thickness of strip is preferably as 'fe'duee'd as '-possible in order that the said strip may easily break, should the depressed portions thereof betameammed within notches 4b "at theend of thennwindin'g step. ;It"is besides 'of interest'to have the *said etriprelatively as long as the radial dimension of the annular amusing 7 will permit in order -'to "increase the safety delay.
  • strip 5 is consequently liberated and it is urged outwardly bycentri-fugal forces and also applied against the outer wall of'housing '7, or against the inner side of the expanded ring 6, as illustrated in FIG. 2.
  • the successive portions of the strip are in turn urged outwardly and the said strip thus tends to unwind from striker 1 for becoming wound internally against the outer wall of housing 7.
  • the absolute angular velocity of the sleeve is therefore equal'to the difference between the angular velocity of the projectile-and the relative angular velocity of the said sleeve with respect to the fuze. Since the'unwinding of the strip is a rather rapid proc ess, this absolute angular velocity of sleeve 4 is relatively low and it may even be quite nil. In any case, it is insufficient for causing expansion of the sleeve. When the strip is wholly unwound from the sleeve, its depressed portions 5b which had been driven into notches 4b are disengaged, thus leaving sleeve '4 quite free.
  • centrifugally-arined fuze for a rotatable projectile comprising a fuze body formed with an axial bore and with anaxially substantially cylindrical'inner housing having 'alateral wall, a transverse front wall and a transverse rear wall, a charge tobe ignited disposed substantially at the rear end of said axial bore, a striker slidably disposed within said bore to cause ignition of said charge by moving 'rearwardly of said fuze from an advanced position to a rear'position, said striker being forrned'with a shoulder'situated in front of the rear wall of said-housing whensaid striker is at its advanced position, and with a'cylindrical portion disposed at the rear of said shoulder, a cntrif-ugally expansible split sleeve 'frely'i and -'rotatably mounted on said cylindrical portion'between'said shoulder and the rear wall of said housing to retain said striker at its advanced
  • said split sleeve being formed with a peripheral notch on each side of the split portion thereof and the inner turn of said flexible strip being formed with depressions forced into said notches to cause the portion of said inner turn which extends between said notches to retain said sleeve at the unexpanded position on said cylindrical portion of said striker until said depressions are disengaged from said notches at the end of the centrifugal unwinding of said strip from said sleeve.
  • means for releasably securing the flexible strip to the split sleeve including at least one notch disposed in the outer peripheral portion of the split sleeve adjacent each side of the split, the flexible strip being indented into each of the notches and so wound about the split sleeve as to rotate the split sleeve temporarily in the opposite direction from that of the projectile, such that centrifugal release of the split sleeve is delayed.
  • a projectile fuze according to claim 4 further cornpn'sing a centrifugally releaseable safety ring wound about the flexible strip.
  • a centrifugally armed fuze for a rotatable projectile comprising a fuze body formed with an axial bore and with an axially disposed inner housing having a transverse wall fixed in the axial direction, igniting means comprising two elements, one fixed with respect to said fuze body and the other movable axially in said bore in response to impact of the projectile on an obstacle to cause ignition by moving in the axial direction of said fuze from a first position where it is at a distance from said fixed element to a second position where it is in contact with said fixed element, said movable element being formed with a shoulder portion capable of moving in said housing and the axial distance of which from said housing transverse wall decreases when said movable element moves from said first position to said second position, an expansible split sleeve freely and rotatably interposed around said movable element between the shoulder portion thereof and said housing transverse wall to retain said fixed element in its first position, and a flexible strip having an inner end attached to said split sle

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Automotive Seat Belt Assembly (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
US71575A 1957-04-25 1960-11-25 Centrifugally armed fuze for rotating projectile Expired - Lifetime US3076410A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
LU344340X 1957-04-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3076410A true US3076410A (en) 1963-02-05

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ID=19732610

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US71575A Expired - Lifetime US3076410A (en) 1957-04-25 1960-11-25 Centrifugally armed fuze for rotating projectile

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3076410A (el)
BE (1) BE565891A (el)
CH (1) CH344340A (el)
DE (1) DE1084617B (el)
FR (1) FR1205958A (el)
GB (1) GB833902A (el)
LU (1) LU35112A1 (el)
NL (2) NL103346C (el)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3450048A (en) * 1966-03-16 1969-06-17 Brevets Aero Mecaniques Spinning fuzes,in particular for small caliber shells
US3516359A (en) * 1968-01-25 1970-06-23 Junghans Gmbh Geb Centrifugal spiral band locking device,especially for self-destroying fuzes
US4026216A (en) * 1974-12-07 1977-05-31 Rheinmetall G.M.B.H. Arming fuze for artillery shell
US4223608A (en) * 1977-08-06 1980-09-23 Rheinmetall Gmbh Safety device for percussion-fuse of rifled missiles
US4449456A (en) * 1981-09-21 1984-05-22 A/S Raufoss Ammunisjonsfabrikker Safety device for a projectile
EP0117373A1 (fr) * 1982-12-07 1984-09-05 Manufacture De Machines Du Haut-Rhin S.A. (Manurhin) Dispositif de sécurité pour fusée de projectile giratoire
US4800814A (en) * 1985-04-04 1989-01-31 British Aerospace Public Limited Company Arming devices
US10759992B2 (en) 2009-07-08 2020-09-01 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Semiconductor nanocrystal and preparation method thereof
US11506474B1 (en) 2021-06-03 2022-11-22 Aura Technologies, Llc Spin-stabilized fuze assembly

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3151470C2 (de) * 1981-12-24 1987-05-07 Gebrüder Junghans GmbH, 7230 Schramberg Bandwickel zur drallabhängigen Zündersicherung von Geschoßzündern

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2715873A (en) * 1950-01-25 1955-08-23 Parke H Thompson Fuze
US2790390A (en) * 1952-04-29 1957-04-30 Kenneth L Baker Delay arming, self-destroying and point detonating fuze device
US2873678A (en) * 1955-02-25 1959-02-17 Magnavox Co Power generating device for projectiles

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE174829C (el) *
AT104203B (de) * 1924-03-17 1926-09-25 Vormals Skodawerke Ag Fliehkraftsicherung für Zünder.
BE439567A (el) * 1939-08-31
CH225809A (de) * 1941-07-21 1943-02-28 Deutsche Waffen & Munitionsfab Aufschlagzünder, bei dem die Zündnadel durch Fliehkörper gesichert ist, die in einen Bund der Zündnadel eingreifen und zugleich durch ein Sicherungsband am Auseinandergehen gehindert sind.
NL65860C (el) * 1945-01-17
CH248837A (de) * 1945-07-25 1947-05-31 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag Aufschalgzünder.
FR1096641A (fr) * 1953-12-24 1955-06-22 Dispositif mécanique de commande assurant un retard dans la transmission

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2715873A (en) * 1950-01-25 1955-08-23 Parke H Thompson Fuze
US2790390A (en) * 1952-04-29 1957-04-30 Kenneth L Baker Delay arming, self-destroying and point detonating fuze device
US2873678A (en) * 1955-02-25 1959-02-17 Magnavox Co Power generating device for projectiles

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3450048A (en) * 1966-03-16 1969-06-17 Brevets Aero Mecaniques Spinning fuzes,in particular for small caliber shells
US3516359A (en) * 1968-01-25 1970-06-23 Junghans Gmbh Geb Centrifugal spiral band locking device,especially for self-destroying fuzes
US4026216A (en) * 1974-12-07 1977-05-31 Rheinmetall G.M.B.H. Arming fuze for artillery shell
US4223608A (en) * 1977-08-06 1980-09-23 Rheinmetall Gmbh Safety device for percussion-fuse of rifled missiles
US4449456A (en) * 1981-09-21 1984-05-22 A/S Raufoss Ammunisjonsfabrikker Safety device for a projectile
EP0117373A1 (fr) * 1982-12-07 1984-09-05 Manufacture De Machines Du Haut-Rhin S.A. (Manurhin) Dispositif de sécurité pour fusée de projectile giratoire
US4800814A (en) * 1985-04-04 1989-01-31 British Aerospace Public Limited Company Arming devices
US10759992B2 (en) 2009-07-08 2020-09-01 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Semiconductor nanocrystal and preparation method thereof
US11506474B1 (en) 2021-06-03 2022-11-22 Aura Technologies, Llc Spin-stabilized fuze assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1084617B (de) 1960-06-30
CH344340A (fr) 1960-01-31
NL103346C (el)
BE565891A (el)
LU35112A1 (el)
FR1205958A (fr) 1960-02-05
GB833902A (en) 1960-05-04
NL227140A (el)

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