US306254A - hopkins - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

G. M. HOPKINS.

GAS ENGINE.

N0. 306,254. Patented Oct. 7, 1884.

INVENTOR N. PETERS bhmo-umo n hen washmmn. 0, c.

(No Model.) 3 Shets-Sheet 2.

G. M. HOPKINS.

V GAS ENGINE.

No. 306,254. Patented Oct. '7, 1884.

INVENTOR (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3. G. M. HOPKINS.

GAS ENGINE. No. 306,254. Patented Oct. 7, 1884" INVENTOR N. PETERS. mm-Lnho n her. Waihinglnm D c.

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GEORGE M. HOPKINS, OF BROOKLYN, NEV YORK.

GAS ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 306,25 dated October '7', 1884.

Application filed June 20, 18E4. (X0 model.)

To all whom, it may concern Be it known that I, GEORGE M. HOPKINS, of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Gas-Engines, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the annexed drawings, forming a part thereof.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved gas-engine. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section taken through the cylinder and valves, and Fig. 3 is an end elevation.

Like letters of reference indicate the same parts in all the figures of the drawings.

My invention relates to the class of engines known as noneompressing gas-engines, in which the explosive mixture is ignited and exploded under atmospheric pressure; and it consists in mechanism for admitting gas and air in proper proportions at alternate revolutions of the main crank, and for exhausting the products of combustion at every instroke of the piston.

It also consists in devices for introducing the explosive or combustible mixture in the direction of the igniting-aperture, so as to insure a prompt ignition of the gas.

It further consistsin slide-valves for admit ting air and gas and exhausting the products of combustion, arranged parallel with the main cylinder, and formed integral with the waterjacket of the said main cylinder to insure the cooling of the slide-valves.

It further consists in a combined oil -receiver and exhaust-tube communicating between the exhaust-valve and the exhaust-port 'of the eylinder,for receiving and retaining oil or water that mayflow through the exhaustport.

It also consists in novel mechanism for operating the igniting-valve, all as hereinafter more fully described.

To the top of the base A, at one end, is socured the cylinder 13, which is made in two parts, a b, and provided with a water-jacket, G. The piston D slides in the part a of the cylinder between the open end thereof and the exhaust-port E, and that portion of the eylin der between the said exhaust-port E and the cylinder head F constitutes a combustionchamber, G, for containing themixture of air and gas, which is exploded to propel the piston forward.

Upon opposite sides of the part I) of the cylinder, arranged parallel with its axis, and formed integrally with the outer wall of the waterjaoket O, are the air and exhaust slidevalves H I, each consisting of a cylindrical valve, (1, sliding in acylindrical casing formed on the wall of the water-jacket. The airvalve H is providedwith an inclined inletport, 0, communicating with the combustionchamber G, and opening in the direction of the ignition-aperture f, so that a portion of the strong mixture of gas and air is sure to fill that part of the chamber G in the vicinity of the ignition-aperture. The air-valve d is operated through a rod, g, by a crank, J, the said crank being mounted on the shaft h, and carrying at its outer end a spurwheel, K,

mounted eccentrically on the crank-pin andaxially in line with the shaft h. The spurwheel K is driven by a pinion, L, on the main crank-shaft M, and the said pinion and spurwheel are so proportioned that the spur-wheel K makes one revolution while the pinion L makes two revolutions, and the port a, valve H, and crank J are related to each other, so

that the port 6 is opened to admit air during one-quarter of one revolution of the crank J, this period being equal to that of an out stroke of the piston D. By this construc tion the air-valve H is opened during each alternate outstroke of the piston D, and closed at all other times. A gassupply valve, N, communicates with the interior of the airvalve and is of the well-known form, arranged to be opened by pushing in its stem t against the pressure of a spring, j, the said spring being capable of returning the valve to its seat when the pressure on the valve-stem is removed. The valve-Sterne is connected by a rod, in, with an arm, I, pivoted in a fixed bracket, m, and carrying at its upper end a roller, a. The roller it lies in the path of a earn, 0, secured to the back of the crank J, and related to the said crank J so that it will open the gas-valve N after the air-port c has been open for about one-half of its period of being open, and will allow gas to enter the combustion-ehamber with the air during the remainder of the said period. The gasvalve cam o is equivalent in length to about oneeighth the circle it describes, so that the gasvalve N and air-valve H close simultaneously, and remain closed during the return-stroke of the piston D and the, following outstroke and instroke of the said piston. The exhaustvalve I communicates with the exhaust-port.

E through a tube, 1), which leads to the port q in the casing of the exhaustvalve I. The cylindrical valve d of the exhaust-valve I is connected by a rod, 0, with a strap, 1 of the eccentric Q on the main shaft M, which is adjusted with reference to the main crank R and piston D, connected therewith, so as to open the exhaust-valve and hold it open during every instroke of the piston, and to close the exhaust valve during every outstroke of the piston.

I11 a bearing supported by an arm, S, projecting from the head F of the cylinder is journaled a rock-shaft, T, carrying at its upper end an ignition-valve, U, consisting of a segment of a hollow cylinder concentric with the shaft T, and capable of swinging in a concave seat, 1, formed in the cylinder-head. There is an igniting-aperture, f, in the concave seat r, and the valve U is provided with an igniting-aperture, f, which will coincide with the aperture f in the cylinder-head once in each stroke of the valve. A small burner, 8, pro jecting through the arm S, supports an ignition-flame, t, opposite and near the ignition aperture f.

The lower end of the shaft T is provided with an arm, V, pivoted to a 1'od,-\V, which in turn is pivoted to a lug, it, formed on the slide-valve d of the air-valve II, and projecting through a slot in the bottom of the valve-casing. The ignition-valve U is turned in its movement so as to bring the aperture f opposite the aperture f, when the piston D completes its instroke after having taken in air and gas. The tube 12, forming the exhaust-passage, also forms a receptacle for oil or water that may accumulate in the bottom of the cylinder, and a cock, u, is providedin the lowest place in the said tube for the removal of oil or water that may flow from the cylinder into the tube. The water-jacket C is supplied with water to carry off the superfluous heat through the tube 1 and the water flows off through the tube 20. The piston D is preferably connected directly with the crankR by means of the usual connecting-rod, R; but a guide may be interposed between the piston and connecting-rod, if desirable. I

The operation of my improved gas-engine .is as follows: The gas being turned on and the igniting-flame tbeing lighted, the main crankshaft M is turned by means of the fly-wheel secured thereto, thus drawing forward the piston. D,which first draws in air and then air and gas through the air-valve H,in the manner already described. The air-valve then closes and the exhaust-valve I opens, when that portion of the contents of the cylinder lying between the piston D and the exhaust-port E, consisting of some of the products of combustionand some air, is driven out through the exhaust-port by the instroke of the piston, leaving in the combustion-chamber G, behind the port E, a uniform combustible or explosive mixture of gas and air. As the piston completes its instroke the valve U has been moved by virtue of its connection with the air-valve, so as to cause its ignition-aperture f to coincide for an instant with the ignition-aperture fin the cylinder-head, and the slight advance of the piston D during the time draws in the flame t, and ignites the gas within the combustion-chamber G, which explodes and pushes the piston forward through its outstroke. The momentum of the fly-wheel returns the piston, and the exhaust-valve I being open that portion of the products of combustion lying between the piston and the exhaust-port E is driven out through the exhaust-port. \Vhen the exhaust-- valve closes and the air-valve II opens, first admitting air to the cylinder and then gas and air, as already described, as the piston moves outward still by the momentum of the fly-wheel, the products of combustion lying in the combustion-chamber G are drawn'forward with the piston, the air and then the mixture of gas and air following. returning,the products of combustion and the air lying between it and the port E are driven out through the said port, the exhaust-valve I being open and the air-valve H being closed. The removal of the exhaust-tube p from the cylinder and water-j acket allows the said tube to be cooled by the surrounding air, and prevents the unequal heating of the sides of the cylinder. Vhen the piston reaches the limit of its instroke,the ignition-flame t is again admitted to the cylinder, another explosion follows, and the piston is again pushed forward, and the cycle of operations just described is repeated for every two revolutions of the engine. To reduce the distance through which the flame must pass to enter the cylinder, the inner surface of the cylinder-head F is concaved around the ignition-aperture f, rendering the head very thin at that point.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

, 1. The combination, with the power-cylin- XVhen the piston is der and exhaust-valve of a gas-engine, of ports in the under side of the said power-cylinder and exhaust-valve, and a tube connecting the said ports and forming a combined exhaustpassage and oil and water receptacle, as herein specified.

2. In a gasengine wherein the power-cylinder is provided with a water-jacket, the combination, with the outer walls of the waterjacket, of air and exhaust slide-valves arranged parallel with the power-eylinder, and formed integrally with the water-jacket, whereby the said air and exhaust valves are prevented from becoming unduly heated, as described.

3. In a gas-engine, the combination of the air -valve and mechanism for operating the same, the oscillating ignition-valve, and the connecting-rod for connecting the said air and ignition valves to cause them to move syn chronously, as and for the purpose specified.

4. In a gas engine, the combination,with the air-supp]; valve, of a gas-su1' ply valve communicating with the interior of the airalve casing, and mechanism for opening the said gas-supply valve when the air-valve is open, to effect the simultaneous entrance of air and gas to the combustionchamber G through the port 0, as specified.

5. Ina gas-engine provided with a combustion-chamber, G, behind the part of the cylinder in which the piston moves, the combination, with the cylinder, of an exhaust-tube, 1), communicating with the forward part of the con]bustion-chaniber and with the exhaustvalve, and made wholly exterior to the cylinder and water-jacket, as herein specified.

6. In a gas-engine having an ignition-valve formed of a segment of a hollow cylinder, and working in a concave seat in the cylindenhead, the combination, with the said ignition-valve,

of an igniting-burner supported parallel. with the'aXis of the ignition-valve, and capable of 25 holding a flame parallel with the concave surface of the ignition-valve, as described.

7. In a gas-engine provided with an exhausttubc connecting the exhaust port'of the powercylinder with the exhaust-valve, the combina- 30 tion, with the said exhaust-tube, of a cock placed in the lowest part thereof for removing the contents of the exhaust-tube, as specified.

8. The combination, in a gasengine, of a powercylinder provided with a water-jacket, 3 exhaust and air valves placed on opposite sides of the cylinder, communicating with the interior thereof, and formed integrally with the outer wall of the water-jacket, and mechanism worked by the power-piston for operating the 40 air and exhaust valves, as specified.

GEORGE llI. HOPKINS.

Witnesses:

FRANK M. GLUrn, II. 0. HAGnN.

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