US3039012A - Vibrating head - Google Patents

Description

June 12, 19624 P. BRUNINGHAUS 3,039,012

VIBRATING HEAD June 12, 1962 P. BRUNINGHAUS 3,039,012

VIBRATING HEAD Filed Dec. 22, 1958 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Mmmm gy/QW fr fdr/fr June 12, 1962 P. BRUNINGHAUS 3,039,012

VIBRATING HEAD i Filed Dec. 22, 1958 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 INV ENTOR. @m 52PM/MMM@ June 12, 1962 P. BRUNINGHAUS VIBRATING HEAD 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed D90. 22, 1958 INVENTOR. am 59am/afwas,

United States Patent Olice 3,039,012 Patented June 12, 1962 3,039,012 VIBRATING HEAD Paul Bruninghaus, Remscheid-Lennep, Germany, as-

sgnor to Rheinische Werkzeugund Metailwarenfabrik G.m.b.H., Remscheid-Luttringhausen, Germany,

a corporation of Germany Filed Dec. 22, 1958, Ser. No. 782,223 2 Claims. (Cl. 310-29) This invention relates to screening devices and the like, and more particularly to vibration means used therein, and is a continuation in part of my co-pending application Serial No. 405,947, filed January 25, 1954, now Patent No. 2,880,871.

One purpose of the invention is a vibration device or electro-magnetic oscillator that will produce vibrations in a screening device.

Another purpose is a vibration device that will move a rod attached thereto.

Another purpose is an electro-magnetic oscillator or vibration device which will move a vibrating rod at a predetermined sinusoidal rate.

Another purpose is an electro-magnetic oscillator for use in screening devices and the like, which will move a vibrating rod at a predetermined sinusoidal rate and will introduce harmonics into the movement of the rod.

Another purpose is an electro-magnetic oscillator wherein a vibrating rod moving at a sinusoidal rate, has harmonic vibrations introduced into the movement of the rod by stopping the rod before it reaches the peak of its sinusoidal curve.

Another purpose is a means to stop the movement of a sinusoidally varying vibrating rod and armature before they have reached the peak of their sinusoidal curve.

Another purpose is a vibrationy device wherein the striking or percussion areas of the armature and core are laminated and are reinforced by rods within the armature and core.

Another purpose is a core and armature of an electromagnetic oscillator that are resistant to wear.

Other purposes will appear in the ensuing specifications and drawings wherein:

FIGURE 1 is a sectional end View of an electro-magnetic oscillator or vibrating device, taken along the line 1 1 of FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 2 is a sectional side line 2 2 of FIGURE 1.

FIGURE 3 is a sectional end view taken along the line 3 3 of FIGURE 4 of another form of a vibrating device.

FIGURE 4 is a sectional side line 4 4 of FIGURE 3.

FIGURE 5 is a sectional end View taken along the line 5 5 of FIGURE 6 of a third form of a vibrating device, and

FIGURE 6 is a sectional side view taken along the line 6 6 of FIGURE 5.

Referring now to the form of the invention shown in FIGURES l and 2, a housing 10 or the like, is fastened by screw means, such as 16, to a base plate 12 and a supporting member 14, so as to form an outer housing of a vibrating head.

In this form of the invention, a core 18 with two upwardly extending projections 19 is seated on the base plate 12, and fastened thereto by screws 20. To complete the structure of an electro-magnet, coils, for example as at 22, circumscribe the upwardly extending projections 19. A cable 26 can be used to enclose wires 24 which carry an electric signal to the coils.

An armature 3i) may be suspended between the core View taken along the View taken along the and the housing by means of springs as at 32. Two such springs are shown in the drawings, but it should be understood that a greater or lesser number will also work satisfactorily. The armature 30 is supported by the springs 32 and is fastened thereto by suitable securing means, for example by studs 34. The springs 32 may be supported by spring support members, as at 36, which are generally perpendicular to the springs and into which the springs 32 may be inserted. The spring support members 36 are fastened to the underneath side of the top of the housing 10 by screws 38.

Inserted through the armature 30 is a vibrating rod 28, which is perpendicular to the armature and fastened thereto, by a nut, such as at 40, threaded on the rod 2S. A slot or pocket 42 in the housing 10 is disposed above the armature and adapted to receive the nut 40 and the studs 34 when the armature and vibrating rod move upwardly.

The vibrating rod 28 is disposed between the coils 22, and is inserted `through a bore 44 in the core 18, a bore 46 in the base plate 12, and a bore 4S in the support member 14. The lower portion of the vibrating rod 23, not shown in the drawings, can be attached to a screening device such as shown in the co-pending application, or to any machine in which mechanical vibrations of the form described are to be used.

During the operation of the vibrating head, the armature 30 and the attached vibrating rod 28 move vertically between striking or percussion areas 50, on top of the upwardly projecting members `19, and striking or percussion areas 51, on the underneath side of the housing 10. The armature 30 and the vibrating rod 28, as shown in FIGURES l and 2, can move downward a distance 52 between the striking faces 5i) and the armature 30, and can move upward a distance 54 between the armature 30 and the striking faces 51.

In the preferred form of the invention, the springs 32 have a fundamental frequency of vibration that is twice the frequency of the applied electric signal, the frequency of vibration of the springs being determined by the distance between the spring supports, the weight of the armature and vibrating rod, and the spring material.

In this form of the invention, there are two stops or restrictions on the movement of the armature 30 and the vibrating rod 28; the striking faces 50 on the upwardly projecting parts of the core 19, and the striking faces 51 on the housing l0. These restrictions stop the movement of the armature and the vibrating rod before they have reached the peak of their sinusoidal curve. By stoppin-g the movement before the peak of the curve is reached, harmonics are introduced in-to the sinusoidal movement of the vibrating rod.

Another form of the invention, as shown in FIGURES 3 and 4, may include a housing 56 or the like, seated on a base plate 58, and supported by a supporting member 60. Fastening means, as at 62, are used to assemble the three members into an outer housing for the vibrating head.

A core 64, with downwardly extending projections 65, may be seated within the housing 56 and fastened to the top of the housing by cap screws 66. Coils, shown at 68, circumscribe the downwardly extending projections 65, and are connected by wires 70 to a cable 72, which is connected to a suitable source of electric current, not shown in the drawings.

An armature 74 may be suspended between the base plate 58 and the core projections 65, and is supported by springs 76. The armature is fastened to the springs by studs 81. Two such springs are shown in the drawings, but it should be understood that a greater or lesser number will also work satisfactorily. The springs 76 are supported by spring support members 78, which are generally assauts perpendicular to the springs and into which the springs may be inserted. The spring support members '73 are fastened to the base plate 58 by means of screws as at 80.

A vibrating rod 82 generally perpendicular to the armature 74 may be inserted through the armature and fastened thereto by a nut, as at 84, threaded on the vibrating rod. A slot or pocket 86 in the base plate 58 receives the studs 81 when the armature and attached vibrating rod move downward. The lower part of the vibrating rod, not shown in the drawings can be fastened to a screening device, such as shown in the co-pending application or to any machine in which movement of the form described is to be used. In the preferred form, the armature is supported by the springs, and suspended between striking or percussion areas 88 on the downwardly extending projections 65, and striking or percussion areas 90 on the top of the base plate 58. The armature and attached vibrating rod can move downward a distance S7 between the armature and striking areas 90, and can move upward a distance 89 between the armature and striking areas 88. The striking or percussion areas 90 and 88 stop the movement of the sinusoidally varying rod and armature before they have reached the peak of the sinusoidal curve, thus introducing harmonics into the movement of the rod and armature.

As was true of the vibrating head or electro-magnetic oscillator shown in FIGURES 1 and 2, the springs 76 should have a fundamental frequency of Vibration which is twice the frequency of the applied electric signal. The fundamental frequency of the springs is determined by the distance between the spring support members, the weight of the armature and the vibrating rod, and the spring material.

In FIGURES and 6i, -a third form of the invention is shown. A housing or casing 92 is seated upon a spacing member 94, with a base plate 96 and a support member 98 fastened to the `casing and the Support member by bolt mechanisms 100. Rubber inserts 102 provide a seal between the casing 92 and the spacing member 94, and between the spacing member 94 and the base plate 96. A junction box 104, or other suitable connecting means, is fastened to the back of the casing 92 and provides means through which an electric signal may be brought to the electro-magnetic oscillator or vibrating head. The casing 92, the spacing member 94, and the base plate 96 may comprise an outer housing for the vibration device.

Within the housing 92 is a core 108 with three downwardly extending projections 110, the center projection being encircled by a coil 106. The projections 110 extend below the coil 106 so as to form striking or percussion areas 111. The core 108 is made up of a laminated inner member 112, and an outer support 114. Within .the core 108 as at 116, are nonmagnetic reinforcing rods of high ltensile strength, which reinforce the striking or percussion areas 111.

Spring support members, as at 120, might be made up of a metallic upper member 122, and a plastic lower member 124, and can be fastened to the base plate 96 by screws 126. The plastic lower member 124 should be constructed of a hard, self-lubricating plastic with high temperature resistance, f or example, duraph-thenene is a suitable substance. In the preferred form, leaf springs 128, generally perpendicular to the spring support members 120, may be inserted within and supported by the spring support members. In the invention as shown in the drawings, four such leaf springs are used, but it should be understood that a greater or lesser number of springs will also work satisfactorily.

An armature indicated generally at 130 may consist of an inner block 132, and an armature support block 134. The inner block 132 can be made up of a generally rectangular laminated member 136, and two parallel reinforcing members 138, adjacent the longer side of the laminated inner member 136. Within the inner block 132, as at 140, are non-magnetic reinforcing rods of high tensile strength, which reinforce striking or percussion areas 142 on the inner block 132. The core support members 114 and the armature support members 138 prevent wear and splitting of the laminated members of the core and the armature.

Lateral slots 144 in the armature support block 134, receive the leaf springs 12S, which are fastened to the armature support block 134 and the inner block 132 by studs 146. A rectangular slot 148 in the base 96 allows the studs 146 downward freedom of movement after the armature has been released from the electro-magnet.

Inserted through bore 150 within the armature support block 134 and the inner block 132 is a generally perpendicular vibrating rod 152, which is attached to the armature structure by a nut 154, which is threaded on the rod and seated in a pocket in the inner block 132. A pocket 118 in the center downwardly extending projection 110 is adapted to receive the nut 154 when the armature moves upward. The vibrating rod 152 can be tightly iitted within `the bore 150 by means of sealing rings 156, and can extend through an aperture 158 in the base plate 96, an aperture 160 in the support member 98 and is enclosed by the rubber annulus of shield 162i.

When the electro-magnetic oscillator is idle, the armature 130 and the core projections 110 are spaced apart a distance 164. During the operation of the oscillator, the armature 130, with percussion areas 142, moves upward against the action of the leaf springs 128 through the distance 164 and strikes the core projections 110 on the percussion areas 111. When the armature has been released from the electro-magnet it moves downward against the action `of the leaf springs. The core restricts the upward movement of the rod and armature, and the springs restrict the downward movement.

The lower portion of the vibrating rod 152, not shown in the drawings, can 4be attached by suitable means to the screen of a screening device such as shown in the co-pending application, or to any machine in which mechanical vibrations of this form are to be used.

In the preferred form, the springs 128 have a fundamental frequency of vibration that is twice the frequency of the applied electrical signal, the fundamental frequency being determined by the spring material, the distance between spring supports, and the weight of the spring and armature.

The use, operation and function of the invention is as follows:

An electric signal of a predetermined frequency can be introduced through a suitable means such as the junction box 104 or the cable 26 into the coil of an electro-magnet- The magnetic field induced in the electro-magnet by the electric signal will draw the armature upward, or downward as the case may be, against the action of the springs, toward the core.

In the forms of the invention as shown in FIGURES 1, 2, 3, and 4, the armature is restricted in both its upward and downward movement by the core of the electro-magnet and by the housing. In the form of the invention as shown in FIGURES 5 and 6, the armature is restricted in its upward movement by the core of the electro-magnet, and is allowed to move freely downward against the action of the springs. In all forms of the invention if the stops or restrictions on the movement of the armature were not spaced so close to the armature, the armature and associated vibrating rod would move in a sinusoidal pattern. By spacing the electro-magnet and/or the housing close to the armature and the vibrating rod, the movement of the armature and the vibrating rod is stopped before they have reached the peak of the sinusoidal curve. By so doing, harmonics are introduced into the oscillation oi the vibrating rod and armature. It is these harmonics which give the screening device or other machine usec with the invention the violent motion desired. The vibrat ing rod oscillations can be transmitted to a screening device or other machine and will give the machine motior in the form of a high frequency oscillation superimposed on a lower frequency oscillation.

In one form of the invention the core and armature have been constructed of a laminated inner section, enclosed by a supporting member, and reinforced by rods of high tensile strength. The supporting members absorb most of the impact when the armature strikes the core and so prevents wear of the laminated sections, while the reinforcing rods compress the laminations tightly together and so prevent splitting of the laminations.

The invention has been described as generally applicable for use with a screening device such as described in my co-pending application. There are numerous other applications, as a vibrating head or electro-magnetic oscillator such as described can be used with any machine in which motion of the form described is used.

Whereas devices have been described that will produce oscillation in the form described above in a screening device or machine, it should be understood that the invention encompasses any device that will produce mechanical oscillations of similar wave form. For example, I might have a device wherein an electro-magnet moved a vibrating rod at a relatively slow sinusoidal rate, and a spring vibrated the rod at a relatively high sinusoidal rate. The sum of these two vibrations would be a wave form Similar to that hereinbefore described.

Therefore, as it is possible to practice my method with the device I have described, as Well as other devices, I only wish to be limited by the following claims.

I claim:

1. A vibration device including a housing, an electromagnet within said housing having laminated core portions, a -coil spaced from said housing and encircling a portion of said core, an armature positioned in said housing to move toward and away from said electromagnet, said laminated core portions extending toward said armature and forming percussion areas to receive said armature, said housing contacting said core throughout a greater part of the core surface, a spring support secured to said housing at opposite sides thereof and movably supporting said armature in spaced relation to said electromagnet, said spring support having a fundamental frequency of vibration which is approximately twice the frequency of the signal applied to said electromagnet whereby, upon application of a generally sinusoidal signal to said electromagnet, said armature will move toward said electromagnet and strike it twice during each cycle of said signal, said spring support ybeing effective to move said armature away from said electromagnet twice during each cycle of said signal. v

2. The structure of claim l further characterized in that said electromagnet and armature are spaced, one from the other, a distance such that the armature strikes the electromagnet before reaching the peak of its sinusoidal curve.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,817,403 Weyandt Aug. 4, 1931 2,153,243 Flint Apr. 4, 1939 2,187,717 Weyandt June 23, 1940 2,803,762 Urschler et al Aug. 20, 1957

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