US3026930A - Oil burners - Google Patents

Description

March 27, 1962 v. w. AUBER OIL BURNERS Filed April 14, 1960 llmcim' W. A0652:

ATTORNEY P ll .wc: 4.

United rates arena Fire Patented Mar. 27, 1962 3,026,930. U OILBURNERS 1 Vincent. W. Auher, 736 S'Ride, Tallahassee, Fla. Filed'Apr. 1d, 1960, Ser. N0. 22,251: 1 Claim. ((33.158-91) This invention relates to a device for burning crude'oil and the like and. more especially to an oil burner adapted to produce heat for'domestic and industrial purposes.

Theburner herein-described isadapted to be arranged;

with respect to a combustion chamber of a'furnace .or

stove in such a manner-that the flame from the burner Will-renter and heat the chamber. From a structural standpoint, the invention-comprises a novel arrangement; of the parts of a tray-type burner in whichwa pair of concentrically arranged perforated tubularmernbers ex- 1,.

oil burner having a novel arrangement of parts designed to increase the air intake and therebyrdecrease the fuel' consumption. a

It is another object of this invention to provide afburner of the class described wherein parallel sheets of air currents are directed fromthe, centralgair distributor into the upperv portion of the combustion chamber andtoward the hottest part-of the fiarrfe. Thus the air is caused to flow from a minimum number of orifices and along nonintersecting paths thereby reducing backdrafts caused by eddy currents and substantially improving the combustion processes.

It is a further object of this invention to provide an oil burner of the class described having its discharge end communicating with the lower end of the combustion chamber of a furnace or stove in combination with means for readily detaching the oil burner from the furnace or stove and also means for disassembling the burner ele ments whereby cleaning operations will be facilitated.

It is yet another object of this invention to provide an oil burner which is simple in construction, economical to manufacture, and which operates efficiently thereby reducing the accumulation of carbon.

Some of the objects of the invention having been stated, other objects will appear as the description proceeds when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which- FIGURE 1 is a vertical sectional view through one form of my improved oil burner showing the discharge end thereof arranged beneath the combustion chamber of a furnace or stove;

FiGURE 2 is a sectional plan view taken along line 2-2 in FIGURE 1, and

FIGURE 3 is an enlarged vertical sectional detail view taken along line 33 in FlGURE 1.

Referring more specifically to the drawings, the numeral 10 indicates an air jacket of a furnace or stove, said jacket having angle iron brackets 11 secured to the interior wall thereof as at 12. The outstanding legs of brackets ill support a ring 14- upon which a pipe 15 is mounted, the ring and pipe being a portion of a conventional combustion chamber of a furnace or stove.

My improved oil burner 17 is arranged immediately beneath ring lid with its upper discharge end communicatingzwith the lower end not combustion. chamber 16. :5. The discharge :endof. the burner comprises ahollow subr' stantially frusto-conical ring 19 having an outwardly ,extending flange 19a integral with its smalleruppertend the-upper surface of Saidfiange being,detachah1y..secured in face-to-face contact with the lowersurfaces of brackets; l1 andring ld by suitable means such as StlldibOitS' 2ll. A cylindrical member23 has its upper endsecuredlo .1 the lower enlarged .end of the frusto-conical ring 19 and; 1'. the lower end of. member, 23 is closed 'by a flathorizon-y p tally, disposed .plate 24 upon-which fuel-oil is deposited; a;

for burning.

The bottom 24 has a notched. centrally; disposed borer therein, which bore is, penetrated by the lower threaded;

portion 26 of inneratubular member 27. Member 27 is detachably secured inv position with. respect .tothe notched, boreby means of an enlarged .base portiorr27a having. 1

radialqlugs 27baintegral1therewith, and also by means of a nut23 on the threaded portion 26 whichprojects below i the bottom. Member. 27 maybe detached by first loosening-nut-28 and then rotating the memberv9r0 degreesyuntil lugs 27 b. coincide with. notches 24a. of the icentrallyrdis-t posed bore inrbottom24 (FIG. 3). i

Integral with the upper endiof innertubular member 27 isa-frusto-conicalltop portion 29 having 'openingfill at its apex. The, annular. space .33 between members 23 and-2'7 serves as a combined 'vaporizationaand.combus-q tion chamber for the fuel deposited upon bottom 24.

In order to supply air to chamber'33, the walls of outer cylindriealmember 23 are provided with: perforations 25 y through which air is directed inwardly. The sizes, nurn-v 1;

her and spacing of perforations 25, taken in conjunction withslots 32 of.member;2g-7, are such .-as;to insure proper combustion; at the variouslevels in combustionchamher-33.

Similarly, the'walls of innerqtubular, member, 27 are ,1

provided with slots 32 therein, which slots lie in parallel planes, each forming an acute angle with the bottom 24. in the drawings, the planes intersect respectively along diameters of the inner cylindrical member or air distributor 27 and form dihedral angles, each of which is substantially bisected by the vertical center line of the tubular member 27, thus causing the air to be directed outwardly and upwardly in sheets from the center of the tubular member and respectively above fuel inlets 38 to be later described. More specifically, the air is directed upwardly through the interior of member 27, through opening 30 and slots 32, and into annular chamber 33 simultaneously with the flow of air radially inwardly into the chamber through perforations 25.

It will be noted by observing FIGURES l and 3 that the inner opposing faces of each inclined slot 32 are parallel. Furthermore, the width and angularity of each slot are so related to the wall thickness of the cylindrical body 27 that the air will be confined along a single plane while travelling through the wall. Since the slots 32 are vertically spaced in the wall of member 27 and since they are arranged parallel one with another and also positioned at right angles to a vertical plane passing through the vertical axis of member 27 and through fuel orifice 33, it will be apparent that the air will emit from member in the planes of the respective slots and substantially radially of member 27. The maximum slope of the emitting air will occur at the vertical plane and directly above the fuel orifice, thereby affording the most direct upward resistance to downdrafts along the critical area of inflowing fuel. The slope of ti e air emitting from each slot will decrease in proportion to its distance from said vertical plane.

Simultaneously with the above-described currents of air a fuel such as crude oil is fed radially inwardly beneath the upwardly and outwardly flowing sheets of air and into the lower portion of chamber 33. The fuel flows onto the flat upper surface of plate 24 from circumferentially arranged pipes 38, there being one pipe 38 for each set of parallel slots 32. The fuel which is deposited upon plate 24 is vaporized and ignited to produce a blue flame thereabove.

The above-described relationship between fuel pipes 28, perforations 25, and slots 32 shields the lower portions of the flame at the points of entry of the fuel from excessive drafts while directing the major portion of the air toward the upper portion of the flame. I have found that burners constructed in accordance with the principles of this invention will burn from 20% to 35% less fuel oil than conventional types, thus eifecting a substantial economy in fuel costs.

At the bottom of chamber 33 the combustion is incomplete, but as the ignited vapor rises the respective in wardly and outwardly projecting streams of air are supplied in proper quantities through openings 25 and 32 to substantially complete the combustion at the upper portion of the chamber. The converging frusto-conical ring member 19 directs the gases and upper portion of the flame into chamber 16 of the stove or furnace.

The flow of fuel through pipes 38 into annular combustion chamber 33 may be regulated by suitable means such as control valve 40. Also, the flow of air into chamber 33 may be the result of either a natural or forced draft, depending upon the conditions of operation.

In the drawings and specification preferred embodiments of the invention have been disclosed, and although specific terms are employed they are used in a generic sense and not intended for purpose of limitation, the scope of the invention being set forth in the following claim.

Iclaim:

An oil burner comprising an elongated vertically disposed perforated body, a bottom for said body, said bottom having a substantially horizontal upper surface, a second elongated hollow body comprising a vertical cylindrical wall positioned within said first body with the outer surface of said wall spaced laterally from the inner surface of the first body to thereby provide a combustion chamberabove said bottom and between the proximate wall surfaces of the respective bodies, said hollow body having an open lower end and a substantially restricted upper end portion, and means adjacent said upper surface and including at least one Orifice in said first body for directing fuel horizontally inwardly toward said second hollow body and upon the latter surface, the vertical wall of said cylindrical hollow body being imperforate except for at least one set of vertically spaced slots, and the inner opposing walls of each of said slots lying respectively in parallel planes, said planes being positioned substantially at right angles to a vertical plane passing through the horizontal axis of the fuel orifice and through the vertical axis of the hollow body, said parallel planes also being inclined upwardly at an acute angle to said horizontal orifice axis, whereby when a draft is induced across the burner the combined forces of the parallel sheets of air will be initially directed outwardly and upwardly in opposition to downdrafts upon the path of inwardly directed fuel.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 407,198 Grimston July 16, 1889 623,012 Grimm Apr. 11, 1899 978,504 Stewart Dec. 13, 1910 1,666,807 Yonehiro Apr. 17, 1928 2,116,278 Morin et al. Mar. 3, 1938 2,366,706 Breese et al Jan. 9, 1945 2,438,823 Resek et al. Mar. 30, 1948 2,469,135 Stone May 3, 1949 FOREIGN PATENTS 1,076,093 France Apr. 14, 1954 799,673 Great Britain Aug. 13, 1958

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