US2947002A - Electrically operable stapler - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 2, 1960 Filed Feb. 11,

H. o. MOORE 2,947,002

ELECTRICALLY OPERABLE STAPLER 1957 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR:

J-IARRY O. Mooaza I B! M MASMi-tW ATTORNEY S Aug. 2, 1960 H. o. MOORE ELECTRICALLY OPERABLE STAPLER 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Feb. 11, 1957 3 mm w 2% 6 m3 J n ||l|| mm .3 i Q0 Fm. m.| ih. @m wm 3 mm a ll v mm A mu .11: A K g v BM W ATTORNEYS 1960 H. o. MOORE 2,947,002

ELECTRICALLY OPERABLE STAPLER Filed Feb. 11, 1957 4 Sheets-Sheet s INVENTOR BY 5A3,

ATTORNEYS 6, J-IARRY D. Mooae.

g- 2, 1950 I H. OLMOORE 2,947,002

ELECTRICALLY OPERABLE STAPLER 7 Filed Feb. 11, 1957 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR: "ARRY O- M ATTORNEYS as zto be -able to actuate most any type ELECT-RICALLY OPERABLE'STAPLER Harry 0. Moore, Charlotte,.N.C., assignor to Silahert .Corporation, .Mecklenburg, AN.C., -.a corporation of North Carolina 'This invention-relatesto t stapling -.machines :and== more -*-particularly-- to an -improved -electrically operable stapler adapted to receive conventional -hand operated stapling machin'es and 1 which -'isl provided withimproved 1 electri- 'cally operable means for actuating the 'conventional stapling-machines;

' Itis an object of this invention to provide a-stapler which is eonstructed to actuate tw.o=-conventional hand operated 'stapling machines at one time x and wherein meansm're provided for adjustingthe distance between the two stapling machines to permit variouswidths of packa-gesor boxes tobe stapled.

It is anotherobject of this) invention to provide an improved and simplified levei means tor a'ctuating the convention'al stapling machines which is so constructed 7 ofconventional hand stapling maehine."

Patented Aug. 2, 1960 ice ' Figure 7 --is a bottom plan view takemalong -'1ine" 7-%7 Figure 8 is an -enlarged vertical -sectional view taken along line 8-'8'*of Figure 6"and showing the manner, in which the-solenoid is connected -with..the stapler operating lever;

"Figure 9 is an-erilarged vertical sectional view taken along line 99 of Figure-dand showing the arrangement :of-some of theparts' 'for actuating the switch;

Figure 10 is an enlarged horizontal sectional view partly in plan takenalong line I0--10 of Figure 4 of the first" form of theinvention an'd showing the arrangement of the -=s-witch actuating' -lev'er components;

Figure .'11 is an enlarged vertical section taken on line 1 1'*11 of Figure 4 ofthe' first' form of the invention and showing the arrangement of the switch actuating components and the manner in whichthe'sarne'are opera- --'tiv'ely connected to the 'stapleractuatingf lever;

F-igure 12 is aneiilarged fragmentary detail of 7 Figure 6 J of the *second form of the invention with the parts shown in operating orzenergized-po'sition.

*Reteridng" now tothe drawings, the same elements of "both -forms 0f the invention 'will be identified l by"the same. reference numeral. Now referring more specifically to' Eigures 1 to' 5,-10 and 11 wherein the'iirstform dfthe invention is shown, the stapler is provided withan "upright housing 10 havingan arm ll *suitab lvsecured "-"thereto for -'fac'il'it-ating "the carrying of the stapler.

"are- 'poistioned a pairof conventional hand staplers 13 It ls -a -further:object of this invention to *provide a solenoi'd actuated staplingmechanism' which' is energized bynlnoveli forms ofswitch actuating means which automat-ically' break the electrical circuitto "the solenoid "to caiiniit 'the stroke of :the solenoid plunger and -prevent it if from :engaging the 4 closed end of the =solenoid. 'This narrangement prolongs thelife' o'f the solenoid and prevents it from being beaten to pieces in*ashort-intervalof time as well as reduces the noise o'f'operation. 'Oneform. of kswitch-iactuating; means 1 is embodied :in an hand operated r types-while another formds embodied ina'type actuated;

theiarticle being stapled; g g It iis a further ob'ject :of this invention to providea -:ist-apler machine .2 actuator lever provided with resilient rnneans operatively connecting t'ne same 'witha solenoid. z-The resi-lient means l serves to prolong the life of the -i==stapling wmachine by serving as a .Shock;absorberto sabsorbtza rportion of the impact applied to the stapling "tmachines during stapling operations :and .to assist in .flimiting the' operation-al stroke ofthe' solenoid plunger.

J Some :of the-objects of thetinvention having been vestated, other abbjectstwill' appear as I theadesc-rip'tion proceeds when takentin connection withthe accompanying "edrawings,='in'iwhich- Figure '1' isia side :elevationalview ofthe first form rof*rthe-:electrical1y operable stapler shown in inactive :tvarious ;-:elements inside 'rthetthou'sing for actuating the :estapler;

Eig'urefi iiS 'aviewssimilansto Figure 4' withitheconven- Y tional-s-stapler: machines; removed 'and the qnarts arranged -.rinsoperatingtorenergizedposition;

Eigureadis-a vertical sectional viewzof armodified form -.of.-the tinvention -showing a modified switch riactuating mechanism: and taken: alongjline ;:6-i6. or :Eigure a and f 1 Extending forwardly fromthe iower portion'-of-"the='upright' housing 10Qis a platform or base 1'2' -upon"which "3'. The = stap1ers 13, 13 comprise headgportions 145 14, and anvi-ls-or i-baseportions 15, "IS' Vhich are 'penetrated by screws 16,- 16, respectively,-rasfshown in Figure "7.7 T-he -'-screws '16, lfi areprovided "with *washers 17, l7 a'nd wing nutsT8,isfl respectively. Theiscrews 16, 16' as observed in Figure 7extend through an elongated"transverse; slot 20 provided in the base 12 to 1 permit the staplers 13; 13" '10 be adjusted With respect to each: other so I as to-accommodate various sizes ',of

articles or packages to j be stapled and tojper'mitthe jstap1es to=be placed thedesired'distance apai't.

stapler-actuating lever broadly indicatedbyreference numeral 22 is pivotally rn'ounted at 21 in theupperfportion of the housing 10 for actuatingthestaplers"13}13'. 'Aswill beobserved'irf Figur-e l, the outer end portion 22a :of the lever '22 extending forwardly from fthefipivot- 521 is substantially l shape'd' with the outermost :en'cl :of the 1 lever being considerably wider than the portion adjacent "the pivot 21 to permit the lever to actuate both " staplers 13, 13' simultaneously. An elongated resilient cushion or;pad -23'is preferably secured to the underside ofilthe outermost end of'the leverportion-22a toabsorbithe initial impact on the stap1erheads'1'4, 7 1'4 *and to lessen i v n solenoid 27 having an inverted generally U-ishapedirame thenoise of operation.

' The inner extremity $22k ofthe "lever 22: extending" inwardly from'-the pivot 21 is substantially Z%shaped "as viewediinFigures and 5 andis provided with ave rtical aperture" or bore 25 adjacent its-inneri end. Positioned immediately above the aperture 25 is a=vertically disposed -:-:28 enclosing the upper end 29,"a coilfittand asolenoid plunger- 31 provided with a lug 31a depending vertically therefrom. The frame 28 is preferably *biiilt'upi'jin'fthe usual :manner "from a nuniber '61: "identical U-,'shaped together 'by means of rivets. "This *verticalza'rranement :of the solenoid plunger 3I1 permi ts' thesame'to serve fas -;weight means for-resetting the *parts "after -a3s pl ing iopertation which'willfbe explained infidetailflater; q

The stapler ac:mating-lever 22 is connectedt'o th lu 31a :of i the solenoid plunger 31"by 'means of-a bolt' or rod 33 penetrating the aperture 25 and being pivotally connected to the plunger by a pin 32. As will be observed in Figure 8, the bolt or rod 33 is provided with a bifurcated upper end portion in which is received the lug 31a of the solenoid plunger 31 through which the pin 32 extends to connect the two together. A compression spring 34 surrounds the lower portion of the bolt 33 with its upper end engaging the underside of the lever portion 22b and the lower end of the spring being retained on the bolt by a nut 35 against which the spring abuts.

As will be apparent upon observing Figures 4 and S, the spring 34 serves as a loose connection to resiliently carry the inner end 22b of the lever 22 when the solenoid plunger 31 is actuated and moves upwardly during a stapling operation to lower the front end portion 22a of the lever 22 against the stapler heads 14, 14'. The spring 34 thus serves to absorb a portion of the impact on the stapler heads 14, 14 and to prevent too great a thrust being exerted thereon during a stapling operation. This greatly prolongs the life of the stapler machines 13, 13'. Also, the spring 34 serves to limit the operational stroke of the solenoid plunger 31 and prevents it from engaging the closed upper end 29 and the frame 28 which will be explained in greater detail shortly.

For maintaining the inner end 22b of the lever 22 in substantially horizontal position when the solenoid is deenergized, a stop rod 36 suitably secured in the opposite walls of the housing 10 is provided for the lever 22 to rest on. The stop rod 36, also serves to maintain the solenoid plunger 31 partially inside the coil 30 and to prevent the same from dropping therefrom and interrupting the operation of the solenoid.

For actuating the solenoid, a switch 40 (Figures 4 and .5) is provided which is positioned within the housing 10 and suitably secured to one side wall thereof as by screws 40a. Conductors 39 electrically connect one side of the switch 40 'to the coil 30 of the solenoid. Conductors 38 extend from another side of the switch 40 to a conventional plug 37 which is adapted to be connected to a suitable source of power.

The switch 40 is'a conventional type of switch and is provided with a spring loaded switch button or plunger 41 for normally maintaining the switch in open position.

. For actuating the switch but-ton 41 to close the switch, a

switch actuating lever broadly indicated by reference numeral 42 (Figures 4 and is provided which is pivotally mounted at 43 in the front portion of the housing adjacent one side thereof.

The switch actuating lever is a hand operated type of lever wherein the forward portion 42a. of the same extending forwardly from the pivot 43 is substantially Z-shaped as viewed in Figure 4 and is provided with a compression spring '44 to normally maintain the lever in the position shown in full solid lines in Figure 4. The rearward portion 42b of the lever 42 extending inwardly from the pivot 43 is substantially L-shaped as viewed in Figure 4 with its inner end extending upwardly and to which is pivot- ,ally connected at 45 a Z-shaped rod 46. It will be oh- I served in Figures 4 and 5 that the rod 46 is so connected at 45 that the greater portion of the rod 46 extends rearwardly from the pivot point 45 in overbalancing relation so as to cause the forward end of the rod to engage the switch button 41.

An arm 50 engages the upper surface of the inner end of the rod 46 to normally maintain the rod 46 in the position shown in full solid lines in Figure 4'. The arm 50 is connected to a hub 51 which is pivotally mounted on a pin 52 suitably connected to the opposite side walls of the housing 10 as shown in Figures 10 and 11. The hub 51 as shown in Figure 10 extends inwardly from the arm 50 and has suitably connected adjacent its inner end a second J .lower end which nut serves as a lower stop for the arm 53 and to carry the arm 53 therewith when the stapler actuating lever 22 is moved from the position shown in Figure 4 to that shown in Figure 5.

It should be noted in Figure 4 that the arm 53 is considerably longer than the arm 50 and normally lies in substantially a horizontal plane whereas the arm 50 lies in a vertical plane when the device is in inoperative position with the arm 53 thus serving as a counterbalance to normally maintain the rod 50 in its vertical plane in engagement with the arm 46.

Stop pins 60, 61 as shown in Figures 4 and 5 are provided to limit the uppermost and lowermost positions of the switch actuating lever portion 42b. The pin 60 positioned to engage the uppermost surface of the switch actuating lever arm portion 42b serves to prevent too much force being exerted on the switch button 41 when the lever arm 42 is depressed to actuate the same. The lowermost pin '61 adapted to engage the lower surface of the lever arm portion 42b serves to maintain the lever arm portion 42b in substantially a horizontal position as shown in solid lines in Figure 4 to thus prevent the compression spring 44 at the front portion of the lever 42 from moving the opposite ends of the Z-shaped rod 46 out of engagement with the switch button 41 and the arm 50, respectively, when the solenoid is de-energized.

Now to explain the actuation of the switch 40, the switch actuating lever 42 and the rod 46 pivctally connected thereto are normally in the position shown in full solid lines in Figure 4 when the solenoid is de-energized or in inactive position. Upon the switch actuating lever 42 being depressed and moved to the position shown in dotted lines in Figure 4, the forward end of the rod 46 which engages the switch button 41 is moved ,to the position shown in dotted lines to depress the switch button and thus close the switch to energize the solenoid. It should be noted that the rear end of the rod 46 serves as a pivot point since this end is lockingly engaged by the arm 50 and prevented from upward movement. 'I'hus, upon the switch actuating lever 42 being pivoted at 43 to move its inner end 42b upwardly, the forward end of the rod 46 will be carried upwardly therewith to depress the switch button 41 and close the switch.

Now, upon the switch button 41 being depressed to close the switch 40, the solenoid plunger 31 will be retracted or drawn upwardly inside the coil 30 to'thus pivot the forward end portion 22a of the stapler actuating lever 22 downwardly into engagement with the heads 14, 14' of the staplers 13, 13'. It should be noted however that upon the solenoid plunger 31 moving upwardly the rear end portion 22b of the stapler actuating lever 22 is resiliently carried by the spring 34 to thus prevent any likelihood of the stapler heads 14, 14' receiving such a force as to damage the same. In this respect, it should be noted that the resilient cushion 23 secured to the under surface of the front end of the stapler actuating lever portion 22a serves to dampen the impact on the heads 14, 14" of the staplers and to insure a quieter operation.

When the solenoid plunger 31 is actuated the parts will be moved to the position shown in solid lines in Figure 5, wherein the normally horizontal arm 53 has been carried or pivoted by the bolt 55' and nut 56 to an uppermost position to thus move the normally vertical arm 50 out of engagement with the rear end portion of the rod 46. In this position, the rod 46 is free to pivot at 45 and permit the spring loaded switch plunger 41 to again open the switch and deenergize the solenoid even though the switch actuating lever 42 is still depressed. The movement of the spring actuated plunger 41 into the open position shown in solid lines in Figure 5 causes the rear end portion of the rod to pivot upwardly into the path of travel of the arm 50. Now, upon the switch actuating lever 42 being released, the compression spring 44 pivots the inner lever portion 42b downwardly into the dotted line position to thus lower the inner end of the rod 46 to the dotted line position shown in Figure 5 ztozpermit thezarmlitlnto againtengage the uppersurface thereof uponrrthe rsolenoid l dropping down .again. 103.1116 1 starting positionashown 'inrFigu-re 4. stated before, "the armiSSaserveseas a. counterbalancing means toinsure that: the arm 5.0' will:be;moved to engage ithe. upper surface of the innerzportion ofrtherod 46'tothusreset the zparts.fonanothenstapling.operation.

ltzshould .beiparticularly. noted .that .the-a-nrangement of .;;the; partsefomclosing and opening; the switch 40 permits ithe .switch zto. he immediately opened subsequent to the solenoidibeing energized-even though-the switch actuating zleveri42sis stillzzmanually-;.depressedandin the. solid line JPOSllIlOHTShOWIIF-i HEEig I'C 5. 'Fhis:arrangement.limits the operational zeStIQkB 10f the,\solenoid plunger 31 and prevents the plungerefrorn engaging the closed end 29 of the .*frame 28. .-It=shoulil-;alsoThe-noted that the .spring 34 as- .sists ---.in limiting ithe roperational stroke of the :solenoid plunger andibrings: it to a cushioned. stop.

Nomi-referring .to ;-the second form of the invention In this formofi the :invention,-.the {article being stapled serves .to close. the circuit tosactuate the stapler.

Referring now to Figures 6 and 7 in particular,:a switch 70 is suitably secured to one side wall of the housingi10 andis providedwith a spring leaf switch lever 71, as shownbestin Figures. 6 and -l2, which is inherent-. 513 1y biased downwardly to normally maintain the switch 70 in openipo'sit-ion.

For actuating 'the-switch---leVer" 71,a rod 72 is; positioned ab'ovethe medial-portion of' thebase-or platform 12 and isaslidably-mountedin-=a-boss 73 forme d'integral withfthei'fronuw-all-of the -housing 10. The boss 73 is providedwith --alongitudinal bore therein topermit 1 the rod 72 to ae'xtend inside-the-housing 10. An article-engaging iabutmentor trip 76 isadjnstably secured by an .Lr-shapedlciking-arm 7-5'-to the--forward portionof the 1 rod 72. The position of-the-abutmeht 76 on the rod 72' will be determined by-thearea-of the=articlewherein the staplersrare desired-tobe-placed, that is, if the'article iisiltotbe stapledncloseto its-innermost end "which is in engagement with the abutment, the abutment 76 will be positioned closer to the outer end of the rod 72 than if the article is to be stapled a considerable distance inwardly from its innermost end.

A stop 77 is secured to the switch actuating rod 72 adjacent the boss 73 and is adapted to engage the boss 73 and serve as the innermost stop for the rod 72. The switch actuating rod 72 extends inside the housing and is provided with an enlarged inner end portion 72a to define a shoulder 72b adjacent the inner surface of the front wall of the housing 10, which serves as a stop for the rod by engaging the 'wall of the housing to limit the outermost position of the rod 72.

A substantially L-shaped rod 80 is loosely secured to the inner end portion 72a of the rod 72 by a U-shaped clamp 81. The rod 80 serves as an extension of the rod 72 and is provided with a downwardly depending end portion 80a to the lower end of which is secured one end of a tension spring 82, the other end of the spring being secured to the front wall of the housing 10. The rod 80 is also provided with a shoulder portion 80b which is maintained in engagement with the inner end of the rod portion 72a by the spring 82 to permit the two rods to operate in unison. The spring 82 thus serves to reset the article engaging abutment 76 on the front end of the rod 72 by moving the rod 72 outwardly after each stapling operation to reset the same for a subsequent operation.

The innermost end portion of the rod 80 is slidably positioned in an elongated vertical slot 90a (Figure 8) provided in an L-sh-aped bracket 90 (Figure 12) which is suitably secured by screws 91 to the lower surface of the inner end portion 22b of the stapler actuating lever 5 ably. secured-to the under-sm'faceof -the rod .80 at the medial-portion thereof andis provid'ed with a-flatmose ;portion,-83a whichserves toengagethe-proximal vertical surface of the plate-like arm 84 toxpivot 'the same ina counterclockwisedirection, from=the solid line position 10 to I the dotted line j position .as wiewedin"-Figu-re 12, for

reasons shortly tobe explained, v

-Also fixedly secured to -.the. shaft 85 andi spaced. out- .wardly from the-.plate-likeiarm 84 .as.fclea;rly shownin ,.-Figures 7 and 9, iswanarm 86 whichmormally. has its 15 .free'end restingziagainst a. stop 87..secnred to oneside wall of the :housing 10 to limit the lowermost position .of. the :arm 86. The spring, leaf switch actuating lever 71 Hispositioned to overlie. the arm 86- and. tobemoved upwardly into thedotted line; position of Figure 12 to close the switch 70 upon the arm -86 .being,pivoted...counter- .clookwise. I

Wi'ththeparts ,arranged in theirinactive position as shown in Figure 6, thestapler is actuated by .the .ma-

terialto be stapled engaging theabutment 76 ofjthe rod 72 to .slidably move the rod 72 inwardly which in turn carries the rod .80. inwardly therewith .tomove the oam 83into .engagement with the proximal vertical, surface of vthe plate-like 84- to rotate-the, same in ,a counterclockwise direction which rotates thefsha'cft 85' therewith -tothus alsorotatet-he arm 86 to cause the same to lift the switch actuating lever71 to closethe switch 70.

jllpon the switch'70'being closed, thersolenoid coilj f will be energized to lift or retract the solenoid, plunger .31 which in turn lifts the, inner ,end, portion 22b of the stapler actuating leverf22 whichcarries therod 80 the rewith to thus move the 'shoulder"83a of the camSS-out ofengagement with the proximal vertical, surface of the plate-like arm 84 to' position the cam 83'in'theslot184a as shown. in Figure l2. With the shoulder 83aof the cam '83 now out of engagement with the vertical surface of"the plate-like arm84, thelleaf spring switch actuatinglever 71 will spring downwardly to open the. switch Ztiand exert a downward *pressure on the arm' 86 to "thus *rotate the s'hafit SS and theplate-like arm84 secured thereto clockwise, from the dotted line position to the position shown in solid lines in Figure 12 to thus reset the arms for another stapling operation. The tension spring 82 as shown in Figure 12 will now move the rod 80 to the right as viewed therein to thus reposition the cam 83 in the position shown in Figure 6 and at the same time moving the rod 72 outwardly until the shoulder portion 72b thereof engages the inner surface of the front wall of the housing 10.

It isthus seen that there has been provided a stapler adapted to use one or more conventional hand stapling machines and wherein both forms of the invention are provided with means for automatically opening the switch and resetting the parts after a stapling operation. In the drawings and specification, there have been set forth several embodiments of the invention and although specific terms are employed, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only, and not for purposes of limitation, the scope of the invention being defined in the claims.

I claim:

1. A stapling device comprising a housing, a base extending forwardly from said housing, at least one stapling machine mounted on said base, a stapling machine actuating lever, means pivotally mounting said stapling machine actuating lever on said housing, said 70 stapling machine actuating lever extending forwardly from said pivot means and overlying said stapling machine to actuate the same, a vertically disposed solenoid positioned in said housing and having a solenoid plunger normally depending downwardly therefrom, said sta- 7 5' pling machine actuating lever extending rearwardly from said pivot means inside the housing and underneath said solenoid, means for connecting the rear end portion of chine to perform a stapling operation, said means for energizing the solenoid comprising a normally open switch, a switch button for closing the switch, a substantially horizontally disposed and pivotally mounted switch actuating lever positioned alongside said base adjacent said stapling machine and extending inside said housing, resilient means for normally urging the outermost end of said switch actuating lever upwardly, a substantially horizontally disposed rod pivotally secured to the inner end portion of said switch actuating lever, said rod being pivotally mounted at a medial portion thereof in overbalancing relation so that the end portion thereof extending rearwardly from'the pivot point overbalances the end portion extending forwardly from the pivot point, the forward end of said rod being in engagement with said switch button to actuate the same and close the switch, a normally substantially vertically disposed and pivotally mounted arm lockingly engaging the rear end portion of said rod to prevent upward movement thereof, a normally horizontally disposed arm connected to said vertically disposed arm, and means for connecting the horizontally disposed arm to the rear end portion of the stapler machine actuating lever wherebyupon said switch actuating lever being depressed, the forward end portion of said rod will be pivoted upwardly to close the switch and energize the solenoid to perform a stapling operation.

2. A stapling device comprising a housing, a 'base extending forwardly from said housing, at least one stapling machine mounted on said base, a stapling machine actuating lever, means pivotally mounting said stapling machine actuating lever on said housing, said stapling machine actuating lever extending forwardly from said pivot means and overlying said stapling machine to actuate the same, a vertically disposed solenoid positioned in said housing and having a solenoid plunger normally depending downwardly therefrom, said stapling machine actuating lever extending rearwardly from said pivot means inside the housing and underneath said solenoid, means for connecting the rear end portion of said stapling machine actuating lever to the solenoid plunger, and means for energizing said solenoid to retract the solenoid plunger to pivot the outer end of the actuating V lever downwardly against the stapling machine to perform a stapling operation, said means for energizing the solenoid comprising a switch positioned inside the housing and having a spring leaf switch lever normally maintaining the switch in open position, a relatively long horizontally disposed and slidably mounted switch actuating rod overlying said base adjacent said stapling machine and extending rearwardly inside said housing, means secured adjacent the forward end portion of said rod for being engaged by the article being stapled to move the rod rearwardly, a relatively short rod connected to the rear end portion of said switch actuating rod and having its rearmost end portion slidably carried by said stapling machine actuating lever, a cam secured to said short rod, a rotatable shaft positioned below said short rod, a vertically extending arm secured to said shaft and extending in the path of travel of said cam, and a second arm secured to said shaft and having its free end engaging the spring leaf switch lever to close the switch upon said switch actuating rod being moved rearwardly.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,383,977 Bowman July 5, 1921 1,564,831 Crane Dec. 8, 1925 2,088,350 Shanks July 27, 1937 2,252,886 Fusco Aug. 19, 1941 2,381,075 Nelsen Aug. 7, 1945 2,399,575 Schleicher Apr. 30, 1946 2,403,947 Oussani July 16, 1946 2,635,235 Greene Apr. 21, 1953 2,643,307 Geel June 23, 1953 2,656,537 Geel Oct. 27, 1953 2,698,159 Crum Dec. 28, 1954 2,783,470 Valdez Mar. 5, 1957 2,866,973 Ruskin Jan. 6, 1959

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