US2944320A - Equipment for forging the cranks of crankshafts in consecutive operations - Google Patents

Description

July 12, 1960 ROBRA 2,944,320

EQUIPMENT FOR FORGING THE CRANKS OF CRANKSHAFTS IN CONSECUTIVE OPERATIONS Filed Feb. 14, 1957 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 FIG. I

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HLROBRA July 12, 1960 2,944,320 EQUIPMENT FOR FORGING THE CRANKS OF CRANKSHAFTS IN CONSECUTIVE OPERATIONS Filed Feb. 14, 1957 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 PIC-3.2,

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EQUIPMENT FOR FORGING THE CRANKS CF CRANKSHAFTS IN CONSECUTIVE OPERATIQNS Filed Feb. 14, 1957' 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 l i 9 a a r 1 F 7 7 I la 4 r i I 1 .5

H i h 0 I Z; i; l6 J 25 46 5 l8 f 27 4. i 25* i 9; 2 W I l in l 1; W 1*- INVEN P H. ROBRA 2,944,320 EQUIPMENT FOR FORGING THE CRANKS OF CRANKSHAFTS July 12, 1960 IN CONSECUTIVE OPERATIONS 4 Sheet s-Sheet 4 Filed Feb. 14, 1957 United S a es aten TO 2,944,320 EQUIPMENT FOR FORGING THE CRANKS or g rgs nxsnms 1N CONSECUTIVE PERA- Helmut Robra, Mulheim (Ruhr), Germany assignor to Schloemann Aktiengesellschaft, Dusseldorf, Germany Filed eb. 14, 1957, Ser. No. 640,221: Claims priority, application Germany Feb. 1956 2 Claims. 01. 29-6)" This invention relates to equipment for forging the cranks of crankshafts in consecutive operations. Such equipment is already known in combination with forging presses in which the ram is raised and lowered by the slide andan appliance with a liftable'upperportion is provided for holding the crankshaft. In such forging equipment the slide of the press is coupled with a cross beam that can be raised and lowered and contains actuating means such as cylinders and pistons for rapidly raising and lowering the upper part of the holding appliance. The latter must be opened each time a crank has been forged to permit the shaft to be axially advanced by an amount equal to the distance between two neighbouring cranks. The holding appliance must then be lowered into position again. Such an arrangement has been described in US application No. 482,640 of January 18, 1955 and in British application No. 37,689 of December 30, 1954.

This known arrangement leads to structures of considerable height and its operation therefore requires presses of unusual height. It is the object of the present invention to provide an arrangement that will permit comparatively low presses to operate crankshaft forging equipment of the kind that has been described.

The invention consists in that the actuating means such as cylinders and pistons for operating the upper part of the holding appliance are located in the slide of the press. The reconstruction of the slide or its replacement when the crankshaft forging appliance is needed is justified in that it enables forging appliances of the aforesaid type to be used in a press that is not very high.

In known appliances the upper part of the holding equipment must be aligned with reference to the lower part. This is impossible in an arrangement according to the invention because the movement of the slide which is guided between the columns of the press is restricted to a well-defined fixed path and cannot be adjusted with reference to the lower part of the forging appliance.

To overcome this disadvantage it is preferred to provide an arrangement in which the cylinders or pistons act on a cross-beam through an intermediate member 16 with dovetail guides and guideways at right angles to one another.

Such an arrangement permits the upper part 20, 18 of the holding appliance to be coupled to the actuating means such as the cylinders 5 even though the two parts are relatively slightly out of alignment in the horizontal direction.

The invention will be more particularly described with reference to an illustrative form of construction shown in the drawings in which:

Figure 1 is a vertical section through holding equipment and parts of a forging press, taken on the line II in Figure 4;

Figure 2 is a section taken on the line IIII in Figure 4;

2,944,320 Patented July 12,1960

Figure Sis a section taken on the line III-III in Figure4; and Figure 4 is a plan view of the press. a

The'drawings show parts of afour-column. press, including columns 1, which are secured to a base-plate, not shown, and which support the head member 2 of-the press. In the head member 2 is a cylinder '32, with a plunger .31 slidable therein. The press'also includes withdrawal pistons 33, with cylinders 3-4. The forging equipment according to the invention includes a slide 4, with sliding guide members 3 embracing the columns 1, the columns, the slide beingconstructed ina'particular way for operation of the crankshaft forging equipment and this will now be described in greater detail. As shown in Figures 2 and 3 the slide carries four cylinders 5 arranged to be longitudinally displaceable in cylindrical bushings 6 in the slide 4. These cylinders 5 may be displaced by hydraulic means to project from the lower end of the bushing 6. To this end, pistons 7 are rigidly secured to the slide 4 by attachment to a crosspiece 8 by means of a nut 9. The crosspiece is secured by nuts 11 and bolts 10 to a supportlz which is rigidly connected with the slide 4, for instance by being cast or welded into the same. A gland 13 seals the piston from the cylinder 5 so thatthe cylinder 5 will be forced in the downward direction as soon as a hydraulic or other pressure medium is introduced into the chamber 30. Water introduced into chamber 14 causes the withdrawal of the cylinder 5.

As shown in Figure 3 the base of each cylinder is provided with a dovetail guide 15 slidably engaged by the corresponding dovetail slot of an intermediate member 16.' The underside of the intermediate member 16 is provided with another dovetail guide 16a which when seen in plan extends at right angles to the dovetail guide 15. By means of a key 17 a cross beam 18 belonging to the crankshaft forging appliance is secured to the dovetail guide 16a. A similar crossbeam 18 is provided on either side'of the shaft section from which the crank is to be forged. In a manner known per se the crossbeam 18 carries an upper swage holder 20 of the holding appliance in a dovetail slot 19. This swage holder is adapted to bear down on a lower swage holder 21. The latter has a liner 21a which supports the die 23 which together with an upper die 22 in the swage holder 20 serves to hold the crankshaft 40 in a central recess 24 formed between the two dies.

In dovetail slots 25 and 26 on the slide 4 is a ram' bearer plate 27 with a supporting block 27a for the attachment thereto of a ram holder 28 with a forked forging ram 29 which forges the cranks on the shaft. The ram can be raised and lowered centrally between the two holding appliances 1'8, 20, 21.

The foregoing ram 29 is connected with the plunger 31 in the manner that has been described, that is to say through the intermediary of the slide 4. When water is pumped into the cylinder chamber 32 above the plunger 31 the descending ram 29 will forge the crank on the shaft. In Figurel the forging ram 29 is shown in its lowermost position after having produced the crank.

' For raising the slide 4 drawback pistons 33 are arranged to slide in cylinders 34 in the head of the press. When water is admitted to a chamber 35 below the drawback piston 33 the latter will ascend inside the cylinder 34 and by means of a piston rod 36 withdraw the slide 7 4 to which the piston rod is attached.

I claim: 1. In combination with a forging press, equipment for forging the crank-throws of crank-shafts, comprising: a

slide movable up and down in the forging press, a forging ram carried by the slide and movable up and down therewith, lower and upper holding members for holding the crank-shaft that is being forged, the upper holding members being movable up and down relatively to the lower holdingmernbers, intermediate members located beneath the slide, these intermediate members being movable up and down relatively to, the slide, cylinder and piston units mounted in the slide, horizontal dovetail slot and guide means connecting the cylinder and piston units with the intermediate members, so that the cylinder and piston units can raise and lower the said intermediate members relatively to the slide, cross-beams located beneath the said intermediate members, and horizontal dovetail slot and guide means connecting these crossbeams with the intermediate members, these slot and guide means being at right angles to those connecting the cylinder and piston units with the intermediate members, and the upper holding members for the crank shaft being carried by the said cross-beams.

2. In combination with a forging press, equipment for forging the crank-throws of crank-shafts, comprising: a slide movable up and down in the forging press, a forging ram carried by the slide and movable up and down therewith, lower and upper holding members for holding the crank-shaft that is being forged, the upper holding members being movable up and down relatively to the lower holding members, cylinders so mounted in the slide as to be vertically displaceable downwards out from the slide, cross-pieces located above the slide and rigidly secured thereto, pistons secured to the said cross-pieces and extending downwards into the said cylinders, intermediate members located beneath the slide, these intermediate members being movable up and down relatively to the slide, horizontal dovetaii slot and guide means connecting-the lower-ends of thecylinders with the said intermediate members, so that the cylinders eta-operating with the pistons can raise and lower the said intermediate members relatively to the slide, cross-beams located beneath the said intermediate members, and horizontal dovetail slot and guide means connecting these -cross beams with the intermediate members, these slot and guide means being at right angles to those connecting the cylinders with the intermediate members, and the upper holding members for the crank shaft being carried by the said cross-beams.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,534,613 Meley Dec. 19, 19.50 2,747,253 Conchon May 29, 1956 FOREIGN PATENTS 757,526 Great Britain 'Nov. 23, 1953 1,121,589 France May 7, 1956

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