US2923595A - Method of soaking animal hides and skins - Google Patents
Method of soaking animal hides and skins Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2923595A US2923595A US709768A US70976858A US2923595A US 2923595 A US2923595 A US 2923595A US 709768 A US709768 A US 709768A US 70976858 A US70976858 A US 70976858A US 2923595 A US2923595 A US 2923595A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- soaking
- skins
- mercapto
- hides
- liter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 title claims description 29
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- HDFRDWFLWVCOGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonothioic O,S-acid Chemical class OC(S)=O HDFRDWFLWVCOGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004520 agglutination Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000283707 Capra Species 0.000 description 2
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010013786 Dry skin Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000008052 alkyl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- -1 alkylbenzene sulfonate Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002147 dimethylamino group Chemical class [H]C([H])([H])N(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 230000037336 dry skin Effects 0.000 description 2
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HYHCSLBZRBJJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydrosulfide Chemical compound [Na+].[SH-] HYHCSLBZRBJJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052979 sodium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GNBVPFITFYNRCN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium thioglycolate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)CS GNBVPFITFYNRCN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940046307 sodium thioglycolate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002522 swelling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960004418 trolamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
- C14C—CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS OR LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING
- C14C1/00—Chemical treatment prior to tanning
- C14C1/04—Soaking
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S174/00—Electricity: conductors and insulators
- Y10S174/12—Helical preforms
Definitions
- This invention relates to a novel method of soaking animal hides and skins involving the use of low-molecular mercapto-alkane-sulfonic acids or their salts in the soaking liquor.
- the soaking action of the soaking liquor upon animal hides and skins in the manufacture of leather articles can be substantially improved by modifying the soaking liquor with various additives.
- the prior art describes soaking liquors which contain small quantities of sodium hydroxide, sodium sulfide, sodium sulfhydrate or sodium sulfite.
- these additives produce undesirable swelling effects in the animal hide and permit the soaking action to proceed in a pH range in which the bacteria growth is substantially accelerated.
- soaking can be accelerated by adding mercapto-carboxylic acids or their salts to the soaking liquor.
- mercapto-carboxylic acid additives also has certain disadvantages in that the fiber agglutination in high-temperature-dried hides and skins cannot be sufliciently loosened within a reasonable period of time with the aid of such modified soaking liquors.
- the finished leather therefore has inadequate fullness, a hard feel and a coarse grain.
- Examples of mercapto-alkane-sulfonic acids which are eminently suitable for this purpose are Z-mercapto-ethanesulfonic acid-1, 3-mercapto-propane-sulfonic acid-1, 3- mercapto-butane-sulfonic acid-1 and 4-mercapto-butanesulfonic acid-1.
- the mercapto-alkane-sulfonic acids are preferably employed in the form of their water-soluble salts, such as their alkali metal or ammonium salts, or their salts formed with organic bases such as with dimethylamine, triethanolamine and diethanolamine.
- the soaking action of the modified soaking liquor upon the hides and skins may be further enhanced by adding anionic or non-ionic wetting agents thereto.
- Optimum results are obtained where the mercaptoalkane-sulfonic acids or their salts are added to the soaking liquor in an amount ranging from 0.05 to 1.00 gm./ liter.
- the wetting agents are preferably added in amounts ranging from 0.5 to 1.0 gm./liter.
- Example I Dried goat skins were drum-soaked in an aqueous solution containing 0.1 gm./liter of the triethanolamine salt of 4-mercaptobutane-sulfonic acid-1. After about three days the skins were thoroughly soaked through, as evidenced by a water absorption of about 124% by weight based on the weight of the dry skins.
- Example II Sun-dried bnifalo skins were soaked in an aqueous solution containing 0.5 gm./liter of the dimethylamine salt of 3-mercapto-propane-sulfonic acid-1 and 0.2 gm./ liter of a commercial alkylsulfonate wetting agent: After about two days of soaking, the raw hides were thoroughly and uniformly soaked through and the fiber agglutination was excellently loosened.
- Example 111 0.2 gm./liter of the sodium salt of Z-mercapto-ethanesulfonic acid-1 are used instead of the triethanol-amine salt of 4-mercaptobutane-sulfonic acid-1 of Example I with an analogous soaking efiect.
- Example IV 0.5 gm./liter of the ammonium salt of 4-mercaptobutane-sulfonic acid-2 are used instead of the mercaptoalkane-sulfonic acid salt of Example I with a good soaking action.
- Example V 0.1 gm./liter of the diethanolamine salt of 4-mercapto- Z-methyI-butane-sulfonic acid-2 are used instead of the mercapto-alkane-sulfonic acid salt of Example II with a remarkable soaking eifect.
- aqueous solution having dissolved therein from 0.05 to 1.00 gm./liter of compounds selected from the group consisting of mercapto-lower alkane-sulfonic acids and theirwater-soluble salts.' t r,
- the method of soaking raw animal skins and hides which comprises immersing said skins and hides in an aqueous solution having dissolved therein from 0.05 to 1 00 gm./lite r of a compound selected from the group consisting of mercapto-lower alkane-sulfonic acids and their water-soluble salts, and from 0.5 to 1.0 gm/liter of wetting agent selected from the group) consisting or anionic and non-ionic wetting agents.
- the method of soaking dried buffalo hides which comprises immersing said hides in an aqueous solution having dissolved therein 0.5 gm./liter of the dimethylamine salt of 3-mercapto-propane-sulfonic acid-1 and 0.2 gm./1iter of a sulfonate wetting agent selected from the group consisting of alkyisulfonates and alkylbenzene sulfonates.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
- Treatment And Processing Of Natural Fur Or Leather (AREA)
Description
NIETHOD F SOAKING ANIMAL HIDES AND SKINS Rudi Heyden and Jiirgen Plapper, Dusseldorf, Germany, assignors to Biihme Fettchemie G.m.b.H., Dusseldorf, Germany, a corporation of Germany No Drawing. Application January 20, 1958 Serial No. 700,768
Claims priority, application Germany January 22, 1957 4 Claims. (Cl. 8-94.18)
This invention relates to a novel method of soaking animal hides and skins involving the use of low-molecular mercapto-alkane-sulfonic acids or their salts in the soaking liquor.
' It is well known that the soaking action of the soaking liquor upon animal hides and skins in the manufacture of leather articles can be substantially improved by modifying the soaking liquor with various additives. For example, the prior art describes soaking liquors which contain small quantities of sodium hydroxide, sodium sulfide, sodium sulfhydrate or sodium sulfite. However, because of their alkalinity, these additives produce undesirable swelling effects in the animal hide and permit the soaking action to proceed in a pH range in which the bacteria growth is substantially accelerated.
It is also well known that soaking can be accelerated by adding mercapto-carboxylic acids or their salts to the soaking liquor. However, the use of mercapto-carboxylic acid additives also has certain disadvantages in that the fiber agglutination in high-temperature-dried hides and skins cannot be sufliciently loosened within a reasonable period of time with the aid of such modified soaking liquors. The finished leather therefore has inadequate fullness, a hard feel and a coarse grain.
It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved method of soaking hides and skins which will make it possible to accomplish a suflicient loosening of the fiber agglutination within a relatively short period of time without undue Swelling and within a pH range in which the bacteria growth is held at a minimum.
Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent as the description thereof proceeds.
We have discovered that all of the above objects and improvements are achieved and that the shortcomings of the prior art are overcome by soaking hides and skins, and particularly those which are thick and difficult to soak through completely, in soaking liquors modified with mercapto-alkane-sulfonic acids or their water-soluble salts.
Examples of mercapto-alkane-sulfonic acids which are eminently suitable for this purpose are Z-mercapto-ethanesulfonic acid-1, 3-mercapto-propane-sulfonic acid-1, 3- mercapto-butane-sulfonic acid-1 and 4-mercapto-butanesulfonic acid-1. The mercapto-alkane-sulfonic acids are preferably employed in the form of their water-soluble salts, such as their alkali metal or ammonium salts, or their salts formed with organic bases such as with dimethylamine, triethanolamine and diethanolamine.
The soaking action of the modified soaking liquor upon the hides and skins may be further enhanced by adding anionic or non-ionic wetting agents thereto.
Optimum results are obtained where the mercaptoalkane-sulfonic acids or their salts are added to the soaking liquor in an amount ranging from 0.05 to 1.00 gm./ liter. The wetting agents are preferably added in amounts ranging from 0.5 to 1.0 gm./liter.
In addition to the advantages previously mentioned,
2,923,595 Patented Feb. 2, 1960 the mercapto-alkanesulfonic acids have the advantage over the mercapto-carboxylic acids that the former are etiective at considerably lower concentrations. Despite such low eflective concentrations the soaking rate of the soaking liquors modified with the mercapto-alkanesulfonic acids or their water-soluble salts according to the present invention is substantially greater than that of soaking liquors modified with mercapto-carboxylic acids or their salts.
The following examples will further illustrate the present invention and enable others skilled in the'art to understand the invention more completely. It should be understood, however, that'we do-not wish to limit our invention to the particular examples given herein.
Example I Dried goat skins were drum-soaked in an aqueous solution containing 0.1 gm./liter of the triethanolamine salt of 4-mercaptobutane-sulfonic acid-1. After about three days the skins were thoroughly soaked through, as evidenced by a water absorption of about 124% by weight based on the weight of the dry skins.
As comparison, dried goat skins were soaked for three days in an aqueous solution containing 0.5 gm./liter sodium thioglycolate. The water absorption was only 107% by weight based on the weight of the dry skins.
Example II Sun-dried bnifalo skins were soaked in an aqueous solution containing 0.5 gm./liter of the dimethylamine salt of 3-mercapto-propane-sulfonic acid-1 and 0.2 gm./ liter of a commercial alkylsulfonate wetting agent: After about two days of soaking, the raw hides were thoroughly and uniformly soaked through and the fiber agglutination was excellently loosened.
The same results were obtained when 0.2 gm./liter of a commercial alkylbenzene sulfonate was added as a wetting agent instead of the alkylsulfonate.
Example 111 0.2 gm./liter of the sodium salt of Z-mercapto-ethanesulfonic acid-1 are used instead of the triethanol-amine salt of 4-mercaptobutane-sulfonic acid-1 of Example I with an analogous soaking efiect.
Example IV 0.5 gm./liter of the ammonium salt of 4-mercaptobutane-sulfonic acid-2 are used instead of the mercaptoalkane-sulfonic acid salt of Example I with a good soaking action.
Example V 0.1 gm./liter of the diethanolamine salt of 4-mercapto- Z-methyI-butane-sulfonic acid-2 are used instead of the mercapto-alkane-sulfonic acid salt of Example II with a remarkable soaking eifect.
Example VI While we have illustrated the present invention with the aid of certain specific embodiments, it will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to these embodiments, and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the zip-- pended claims. We claim:
1. The method of soaking raw animal hides and skins. which comprises immersing said hides and skins in an;
aqueous solution having dissolved therein from 0.05 to 1.00 gm./liter of compounds selected from the group consisting of mercapto-lower alkane-sulfonic acids and theirwater-soluble salts.' t r,
2. The method of soaking raw animal skins and hides, which comprises immersing said skins and hides in an aqueous solution having dissolved therein from 0.05 to 1 00 gm./lite r of a compound selected from the group consisting of mercapto-lower alkane-sulfonic acids and their water-soluble salts, and from 0.5 to 1.0 gm/liter of wetting agent selected from the group) consisting or anionic and non-ionic wetting agents.
4. The method of soaking dried buffalo hides which comprises immersing said hides in an aqueous solution having dissolved therein 0.5 gm./liter of the dimethylamine salt of 3-mercapto-propane-sulfonic acid-1 and 0.2 gm./1iter of a sulfonate wetting agent selected from the group consisting of alkyisulfonates and alkylbenzene sulfonates.
References Cited in the fileof this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Haefele Oct. 28, 1952 OTHER REFERENCES Progress in Leather Science, 1920-1945, Manufi, LeatherAsso, London, 1948, pp. 138 and 139.
Claims (1)
1. THE METHOD OF SOAKING RAW ANIMAL HIDES AND SKINS, WHICH COMPRISES IMMERSING SAID HIDES AND SKINS IN AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION HAVING DISSOLVED THEREIN FROM 0.05 TO 1.00 GM./LITER OF COMPOUNDS SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF MERCAPTO-LOWER ALKANE-SULFONIC ACIDS AND THEIR WATER-SOLUBLE SALTS.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEB43214A DE1046251B (en) | 1957-01-22 | 1957-01-22 | Give way to skins and furs |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2923595A true US2923595A (en) | 1960-02-02 |
Family
ID=6966974
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US709768A Expired - Lifetime US2923595A (en) | 1957-01-22 | 1958-01-20 | Method of soaking animal hides and skins |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2923595A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE1046251B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3030170A (en) * | 1958-03-29 | 1962-04-17 | Degussa | Process for the treatment of animal skins |
| US4278432A (en) * | 1979-07-23 | 1981-07-14 | Rohm Gmbh | Soaking method |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2944461A1 (en) * | 1979-11-03 | 1981-05-14 | Röhm GmbH, 6100 Darmstadt | METHOD FOR SOFTENING SKINS AND SKIN |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2615828A (en) * | 1951-02-15 | 1952-10-28 | Procter & Gamble | Compositions for treating keratin-containing materials |
-
1957
- 1957-01-22 DE DEB43214A patent/DE1046251B/en active Pending
-
1958
- 1958-01-20 US US709768A patent/US2923595A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2615828A (en) * | 1951-02-15 | 1952-10-28 | Procter & Gamble | Compositions for treating keratin-containing materials |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3030170A (en) * | 1958-03-29 | 1962-04-17 | Degussa | Process for the treatment of animal skins |
| US4278432A (en) * | 1979-07-23 | 1981-07-14 | Rohm Gmbh | Soaking method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE1046251B (en) | 1958-12-11 |
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