US291830A - Hydrocarbon-furnace - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

R. B. AVERY.

HYDROCARBON FURNAGB.

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RICHARD B. AVERY, OF VASHINGTON, D. C., ASSIGNOR OF ONE-FOURTH TO DEW'ITT STEARNS, OF ALBUQUERQUE, TERRITORY OF NEV MEXICO.

HvoRoCARBoN-FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 291,880, dated January 81884.

Application tiled July 28, 1883. (No model.)

To all whom, t may concern:

Be it known that I, RICHARD B. AvnRY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Washington city, in the District of Columbia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydrocarbon Gas and Vapor Generators; and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying` drawio ings, in which- Figure I is an eleva-tion, partly in section, of devices embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section of a furnace having my device applied. Figs. 3 and 4 are enlarged i 5 detailed sectional views of portions of the devices. Fig. 5 is an enlarged sectional view of the oil-pipe B, showing the diaphragms b b, &c., with gradually-decreasing mesh.

Like letters refer to like parts wherever 2o they occur.

My invention relates to that class of apparatus designed for vaporizing and gasifying hydrocarbons to be utilized as fuel in metallurgie and other manufacturing processes.

It is well understood that, provided the devices be efficient for the purposes intended, then the more simple and inexpensive they are the better they are adapted for use in manufacturing processes where unskilled labor 3o and attendants are in a great measure necessarily employed.

The main object of my present invention is to reduce the apparatus to the fewest parts, and those parts to the very simplest construction consistent with the functions to be performed. In order to obtain the best results, the hydrocarbon should be thoroughly atomized as well as intimately interiningled with the superheated steam, so as to forni a homoio geneous gas before-reaching the place of igniy these iresults in carrying out my invention, I 5o introduce into the hydrocarbon jet or supply pipe a series of perforated diaphragms, preferably of gradually-decreasing mesh, and insert the jet pipe or nozzle for a portion of its length in the superheated-steam pipe, so that the hydrocarbon shall not only be atomized but in a measure highly heated and vaporized before it mingles with the main body of superheated steam, and that the gas may be rendered still more uniform in character, I insert 6o in the gas or vapor pipe, or what is the same, the continuation of the superheated steam pipe, between the hydrocarbon -jet and the place of ignition of the gas, a second series of perforated diaphragins, and these also are preferably of decreasing mesh. Besides the foregoing there are several other l novel features of construction, which will hereiuafter more fully appear.

I will now proceed to describe my invention 7o more fully, so that others skilled in the art to which it appertains may apply the same.

In the drawings, A indicates a superheaterfor supcrheating the steam to be used in conjunction with the hydrocarbon. This superheater may be of any desired form or construction, and from the same leads a pipe, a., (provided with a suitable valve, c,) for conducting the superheated steam to the furnace or other place of consumption of the fuel. 8o

B indicates a valved oil-supply pipe leading from the reservoir or other suitable source of oil-supply, which pipe pierces the walls of the superheated-steam pipe a and extends within the same for a certain distance, as shown atb. 8 5

A short valved branch pipe, c, connects the superheated-steam pipe a, with the oil-supply pipe B, so that aportion of superheated lsteam may be admitted to the oil-supply pipe. This v can be utilized, iii-st, to produce a vacuum in 9o the oil-jet and induce a flow of oil; secondly, to assist in heating the oil and forcing it through the first atomizing-diaphragm, and, finally, when the oil is out off entirely, a current of free steam may be forced through the oil pipe 9 5 or j et to clear out any residuum or carbon which may be deposited or formed therein.

ifithin the oil-pipe B, at suitable intervals,

are arranged a series of perforated diaphragme, b b2, &c., preferably of decreasing mesh, so as to successively break up and comminute the oil and vapors, and in the gas-conduit or continuation of the superheated-steam pipe a are arranged a second series of perforated diaphragins, a* ci all, Sie., any desired number, and these also preferably decrease in the size of mesh as they approach the place Where the gas is consumed. rlhe diaphragms may be introduced by using sections of pipe, as at c d c, and inserting the diaphragms at the junc tions of the sections,'or by any other of the well-known methods.

For purposes of illustration, the devices have been shown as applied to a metallurgie furnace, F, though I do not propose to limit them to such use. rIhe gas-conduit may enter the fire-chamber through the crown, head, or side of the furnace, as found most convenient, and there terminate in a suitable burner, G, in the present instance shown as a series of perforated jet-pipes or nipples, a, connected by short intermediate sections, s but Whatever form of burner desired may be used, though burners which deliver the gas in iinejets or streams are recommended and preferred by me.

I indicates the air-supply pipe, which may be connected, if desired, to a hot-blast pipe i leading from a regenerator or hot-blast oven.

The air-supply pipe terminates in a fan or iishtail, II, having its mouth covered by a iine Wire-gauze or mesh, 71, which will divide the air-blast into a s eries of fine jets. This fan or fish-tail H is arranged in the lire-chamber of the furnacejust back of and preferablyin line with the burner G, so that the fine jets of air shall be distributed` among and thoroughly intermingled with the fine jets of gas at the point of ignition. Such an arrangement insures such a relative admixture of the air and as facilitates the prompt combination of the elements.

L indicates a series of refractory bricks or checker-Work, which absorbs and retains heat, and is Well known to be of value in inducing complete combustion. p

The device,being substantially such as specined, will operate as follows: Steam from the superheater A is admitted to pipe c, and the valve of pipe c is opened to permit a limited amount of snperheated steam to pass into the oil-pipe B. The valve of the oilpipe B is also opened to afford the desired supply of hydrocarbon oil. The jet of superheated steam admitted to the oil-pipe seizes upon the oil and forces it through the first diaphragm, b', thereby atomizing it, and in a measure vaporizing it; thence it is forced through the successive perforated diaphragms b2, until it it finally delivered into the body of superheated steam in a comminuted and vaporized condition, due to the action ofthe perforated diaphragms b Z)2 and the high temperature of the superheated steam which surrounds the section b of the oil-pipe. The volume of superheated steam and vaporized oil then passes along the gaspipe c, and through the successive perforated diaphragms a* a5 c, being continuously subdivided until a homogeneous mixture of superheated steam and oil vapors or gas is obtained, and which finally issues in minute jets or streams from the burner G. r)She air-blast, which is also broken up into fine jets by the fan-shaped or fish-tail blast-nozzle II, is projected into this stream of finely-divided jets of gas, and perfect combustion results.

The advantages of my invention are the simplicity, durability, and effectiveness of the generating and burning devices.

I do not herein broadly claim the use of perforated diaphragms or like devices for breaking up air, vapors, or gases into fine jets; but,

I-Iaving thus described my invention and its advantages, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Iatent, is-

1. In devices for generating hydrocarbon vapors and gas, the combination, with a superheated-steam pipe, of an oil-pipe arranged therein and delivering thereinto, said oil-pipe provided with a series of perforated diaphragms, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. In a device for generating hydrocarbon vapors and gas, the combination, with a supcrheated-steam pipe, of an oil-pipe arranged therein and delivering thereinto, said oil-pipe having a series of perforated diaphragms of gradually-decreasing mesh, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

3. In a device for generating hydrocarbon vapors and gas, the combination of a superheated-steam pipe, having one or more perforated diaphragms, and an oil-pipe arranged Within and delivering into the superheatedsteam pipe, said oil-pipe also provided with one or more perforated diaphragms, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

4. In a device for generating hydrocarbon vapors and gas, 'he combination, with a superheated-steam pipe having a series of perforated diaphragms of gradually-decreasing mesh, of an oil-pipe arranged therein and delivering thereinto, said oil-pipe also having a series of perforated diaphragms of graduallydecreasing mesh, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

5. In a device for generating hydrocarbon gas or vapors, the combination, With a superheated-steam pipe having one or more perforated diaphragms, of an oil-pipe arranged Wit-hin and delivering into the superheatedsteam pipe, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

6. In a device for generating hydrocarbon vapors and gas, the combination, with a superhcated-steain pipe, of an oil-pipe arranged Within and delivering into the superhcatedsteam pipe, and a branch pipe Which connects the snperheated-steam pipe with the IOO IIO

oi1-pipe, substantially as and for the purposes In testimony whereof I affix my signature in Io specified. presence of two Witnesses this 21st day of July,

7. The combination, with a burner for hyl 1883. drooarhon vapors aud gas, of a fan-shaped or fish-tail air-blast nozzle having` a series of RICHARD B. AVERY. perforatious, or a gauze diaphragm, which divides the air-blast into a series of fine jets, Witnesses: substantially as and for the purposes spee- F. W. RITTER, Jr., ed. H. B. iWIoULToN.

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