US291191A - Clay-pulverizer - Google Patents

Description

(N o Model.)

j A. ITTNBR. CLAY PLVERIZER.

PatentedvJan. 1,1884.

WITNESSES Q2 INVENTOR unhony lttner,

l UNITED STATES PATENT einen;

ANTHONY ITTNER, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURIi CLAY-PULVERIZER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of letters Patent No. 291,191, dated January 1, 1884.

Application filed November i. 1883. (Xo model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ANTHONY IT'rNnn, of the city of St. Louis, in the State of Missouri, have invented a certain new and useful Apparatus for Pulverizing Clay, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawing.

The object of my invention is toprovide a cheap, strong, durable, and efficient apparatus for pulverizing clay preparatory to the manufacture of bricks.

The accompanying drawing represents a verv tical section of my apparatus, or so much thereof as is necessary to illustrate and explain my t that the cutting-edges shall strike the clay to invention.

Referring to the letters upon the drawing, A indicates a vertical shaft rotating in suitable journal boXes or bearings, B B B2, above and below. These bearings may be of any ordinary character, vand the shaft may be secured in place in them adjustably in any convenient way. I have illustrated one way, for example, in the drawing, where a a ci indicatebeams supporting these bearings, and b b b2 indicate collars fixed upon the shaft by means of setscrews c c c2, or otherwise. Then these collars are fixed by means of set-screws, or otherwise, they will hold the shaft in a given posithe frame by means of screws or bolts, or otherwise, and steel tails f,'secured to the staves, in the ordinary Way of making steel brushes. This brush may be provided with stares and teeth at its top as well as on its sides, if desired; but I prefer the arrangement shown. I

y o indicates a backing of wood to prevent the tails from being driveninward. The number of Vstaves of brushes upon t-he sides of the cone may be varied, and it is not necessary to cover the entire surface of the sides of the brush with teeth. The brush rotates rapidly in operation within a correspondingly frustum-shaped pertop by means of a metallic cover, E, and inclosed by a canvas or other suitable covering, E. The case and its cover are preferably made of sheet metal about one-eighth of an inch thick,with perforations about one fourth of an inch in diameter, and as numerous as consistent with the integrity and proper strength of the case. The case maybe made of wire-cloth,and may be in half-sections, to facilitate putting on and taking off. The brush -teeth are preferably about one thirty-second of an inch thick and three-sixteenths of an inch wide, or bladed in forni, and are set and the brushes rotated so be pulverized. The length of the teeth may be Varied at will, but when new they should be preferably about three to four inches long. All these details relating to dimensions, Snc., may be varied at pleasure by the constructor without departing from the substance of my invention.

F indicates a hopper-spout through which the clay is admitted to the brush.

G indicates ahinged door of the cover E, by which ingress may be had to the brush,to examine its operation.

H Hindicate supporting-beams'for the cover and the shell, the shell depending from the cover; but these details of construct-ion may be also varied at pleasure.

I indicates an elastic collar or packing above the floor K, through which the shaft A passes, the purpose of which is to prevent dust froln entering the lowest journal-box. L indicates waste or loose packing applied around the shaft beneath the floor and above thelowest box'for the same purpose.

The dimensions of the brush and its shell, as well as of the other parts, maybe varied at will; but a good size for the brush will be a thirty-five inches at the bottom.

It will be observed that the shell extends considerably above the brush. The object of this is to permit the shaft and brush to be ad" j Listed upward gradually from time to time as the teeth wear away and become shorter. By thisI means the teeth may always be kept in the proper relation and proximity to the inner surface of the shell until they are all worn out,

diameter of twenty-five inches at the top and IOC Hto

and thus the service of the brush can be very greatly prolonged, which is a very material matter of economy.

The advantages of a vertical frustumshaped pulverizing-brush oftliis character are in praetice very material in the preparation of clay for the manufacture of bricks, because all of the lumps or granules of the clay are subjected to repeated blows and pulverizing action of the teeth as the ela y passes downward through the mill, and there is absolutely no refuse or tailings.

It is of material importance to have the shell perforated, because the clay passes out from the upper part of the shell through the perforatons as quickly as it is sufficiently pulverized, and falls down outside ofthe shell, between it and the covering' Il. Centrifugal force, due to the rapid rotation of the brush, thus causes a good part of the clay to pass out of the shell and out of the way. The result is that the brush only has to operate upon such clay `as remains insufficiently pulverized, and its action is therefore not obstructed by the presence of clay that is already fine enough. Consequently the action of the machine requires less power to do a given amountot' pulverizi11g,tl1e wear of the brush-teeth is less, and its work is more rapid.

It will be noted that the hopper-spout I11 is inclined toward the shaft A, so that the feed of the clay to be pulvcrized will be in the direction of the center of the brush,wl1ere it will be delivered as near the center of the cap T as practicable. Consequently, by centrifugal force, as it falls down the sides ,of the cap on its way to the brush, the clay will be spread out and delivered to the brush all around the outer margin of the cap, instead of being` delivered to the brush at one point, as would be the case if thc hopper F were directed to deliver the clay directly to the teeth of the brush in one place. This arrangement -makes a better feed,because it distributes thc clay within the apparatus somewhat before it reaches the brush or pulverizer proper. Besides this, the inclined cap serves to prevent the clay from piling up 011 top of the brush-body, and thus loading` down and obstructing the action of the brush.

I do not intend to limit my invention to the mechanical details of construction indicated above and illustrated in the drawing, because they may be very considerably varied and yet embrace the substance of my invention, and my invention is applicable to other uses besides the pulverizing of clay.

l l l l Instead of using a frustu11i-shaped brush and shell, 011e of cylindrical form mi ght be einployed, and also an inverted frustum-shaped brush and shell might be used; but I prefer the forni and arrangement illustrated; and I ain aware that a cylindrical brush and shell, the latter not perforated, are not new, and I do not claim them. It will be seen that the upper tails of the brush are shown as a little shorter than the rest, and I prefer that arrangement, because it facilitates the feed of the clay and the pulverizing operation. I prefer also to employ a conical-shaped cap, T, over the body of the brusl1,to keep the clay off from it and to facilitate the feed. It is preferable,gen erally, to crush the clay between heavy rolls before pulverizing it.

\Vl1at I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent ofthe United States, is-` 1. In a elay-pulverizing apparatus, the combination of a frustum-shaped adjustable rotating brush with a perforated metallic case, substantially as set forth.

2. In a clay-pulverizing apparatus, the combination ofthe adjustable shaft and brush, the perforated case, the cover E, and the hopper spout or inlet, substantially as set forth.

3. In a clay-pulverizing' apparatus, the combination of a brush rotating on a vertical axis and inclosed by a perforated ease, and a hopper-spout or equivalent means for permitting the feed of clay at the top, substantially as setforth.

4. In a clay-pulverizing` apparatus, the combination of a brush rotating on a vertical axis within a perforated case, and the whole inclosed within a covering, IC', substantially as set forth.

5. In a clay-pulvcrizine` apparatus, the conibination ofa brush rotatingt on a vertical axis within a perforated case,and a cap, T, substantially as set forth.

G. In a elay-pulverizing apparatus, the combination of abrush rotating` on a vertical axis within a perforated case, a cap, T, and an inclined hopper'spout, I?, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name this 31st day of October, A. D. i883.

s llora' ms.

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