US2873922A - Jaw crusher - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 17, 1959 w, FAHRENWALD 2,873,922

JAw 'CRUSHER Filed Nov. 22, 1954 e Sheets-Sheet 1 7 uvVavrozz Q Art/3w" iZ/Erenm/d- 1959 A. w. FAHRENWALD 2,873,922

JAW 'CRUSHER 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Nov. 22, 1954 INVENTOR.

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JAw CRUSHER Filed Nov. 22, 1954 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 Feb. 17, 1959 A.-W. FAHRENWALD 2, 3,

' JAW CRUSHER Filed Nov. 22. 1954 s Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR. Arzfiar z z/renwafl Feb. 17, 1959 A. w. FAHRENWALD 2,873,922

' JAW CRUSHER Filed Nov. 22, 1954 e Sheets-Sheet 5 'in crushing ore.

In the drawings:

My invention relates to jaw crushers such as are used Jaw crushers are used extensively for the crushing of ore. In these machines there is usually fixed jaw and a movable jaw which is moved toward and away from the fixed jaw to crush the rock particles between them. It is the principal purpose of my invention to provide an improved jaw crusher wherein the supporting and moving means for operating the movable jawis such that a new type of motion is employed in the crushing and the crushing is actually done smoother and faster, with less power, than has heretofore been possible.

It is also a purpose of my invention to provide a jaw crusher wherein the strains on the supporting frames of the jaw crusher are primarily compressive strains rather than tensile strains so that a great deal of the heavy frame structures heretofore considered necessary in jaw crushers may be eliminated.

The nature and advantages of my invention will appear more fully from the following description and accom- -panying drawings wherein a preferred form of the invention is shown. It should be understood, however, that the drawings and description are illustrative only and are not'intended to limit the invention except insofar as it is limited by the claims. I a

' Figure 1 is a view in side elevation of a jaw crusher a embodying my invention;

Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line 22 of Figure 1;

Figure .3 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line 4 3-3 of Figure 2;

j Figure 4 is a sectlonal view taken on the line 4--4 of Figure 1;

Figure 5 isan end view of the jaw crusher looking at Figure 1 from the right hand side as indicated by the f line 55;

Figure 6 is a view looking at Figure 1 from the left 'jhand side as indicated by the line 6-6; and

Figure 7 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view similar toFigure 3 but showing several positions of the crushing face of the movable jaw during a crushing stroke.

Referring now to the drawings, my invention is emjbodied in a machine wherein a base 10 mounts a frame 11 which consists of two rectangular shaped side frame members 12 and 13 that extend upwardly from the base 10. The side frame members are connected together by a top plate 14 which is provided with an aperture 15 for the ore feedl'and side walls 16 and 17, and a back wall 18 to form a hopper into which the material to be crushed can be fed.

A rigid crusher jaw support 19 is mounted on the side frame members 12 and 13. The upper end of the jaw support 19 is suspended on. a pin 20 which is extended through the side frames 12 and 13 near the top thereof. The-lower end of the jaw support 19 is adjustably held in'place by a plurality of shims 21 of varying thicknesses that extend "transversely between the frames 12 and 13 United States Patent 0 through the openings 12a and 1311 which are provided adjacent the bottom of the side frames. 12 andv 13. A vertically adjustable bar 22is positioned between the shims 21 and a bevelled face 23 at the lower end of the jaw support 19. The bar 22 is suspended from the plate 14 by rods 24 and 25 which can be adjusted up and down by means of nuts 26 and 27 so as to move the lower end of the jaw support 19 toward and away from the shims 21. The jaw support 19 carries a removable jaw 28 of hard material such as manganese. steel which is held in a notch 29 in the lower end of the support 19. The support 19 and jaw 28 form the fixed jaw of the crusher. v

The upper end of the jaw 28 is mounted under a plate 30 which is bolted to the support 19 and, which extends rearwardly beneath the plate 14 beyond the rear wall 18 of the hopper. Bolts 31 secure the support 19 on the pin 20 and also secure the plate 30 on the support 19. The plate 30 is used to transmit a spring pressure to the support 19 to hold it against the bar 22. This is accomplished by providing two bolts 32 at the rear end of the plate 30. These bolts have springs 33 around them under compression between the heads of the bolts and the plate 30. The bolts 32 extendup through the plate 14 and receive nuts 34. I A movable jaw support 35 has two plate like arms 3 and 37 that extend on opposite sides of the support 19 and the jaw 28 rearwardly beneath the pin 20 where they are fixed to an outer bearing member 38 which .is jourualled by roller bearings 39 on an eccentric 40. The movable jaw support 35 is supported at the proper level by a spring 41, the lower end of which is bolted to the base 10 and the upper end of which is bolted ,to 3. lug 42 on the back of the support 35. The arms 36 and 37 cover and fit closely to the sidevedges of the jaw 28 and its support 19 so that they confine the material to be crushed between the crushing jaw faces. The support 35 has anotch 43 at its lower end to receive a replaceable crushing jaw 44 which is held in place by a removable clamp 45 that'is bolted to a ,flange 46 at the top of the support 35. The jaw 44 is of the same material as the jaw 28. The eccentric 40 is formed on a shaft 47, the ends of which are journalled in bearings 48 and 49 that are bolted to the upright portions 12a and 13a of the side frames 12 and 13. 'The shaft 47 is driven by .a drive pulley 50 and a belt 51 from any suitable source of power.

' The construction just described provides a movable jaw 44 for the crusher which is maintained at the proper height by the spring 41. The crushing movement of the jaw, however, is entirely accomplished by forces applied from the eccentric 40 through the arms 36 and 37. As the eccentric 40 rotates, the movable jawv 44 will be given horizontal movement toward and away from the fixed jaw 28 an amount which is equal to twice the distance between the center of the shaft 47 and the center of the eccentric 40. While the jaw 44 moves horizontally this fixed amount it will be tilted with respect to the jaw 28 by the up and down movement of the bearing member 38, which movement is equal to twice the distance between the cen'terof the shaft 47 and the center of the eccentric 40. The resulting crushing movement of the crushing face of I the jaw 44 when the shaft 47 is rotated is a sort ofwave motion. All partsof the jaw 44 move essentially the same total distance;-

ward the crushing face 'ofthe stationary jaw 28 on each crushing stroke, butthey do not move at the same rate at all times during the stroke. 1

Figure 7 best illustrates the movement of the crushing face of the jaw 44 during a complete revolution of the shaft 47. The dashed circular line appearing at the Patented Feb. 17, 1959 V q) center of the eccentric 40 represents the path of the center of the eccentric 40 during rotation of the shaft 47. The diameter of this circle represents the total distance which the jaw 44 travels. The numerals I, II, III, IV represent four successive positions of the eccentric center during rotation. At the beginning of a crushing stroke the center of the eccentric 40 lies horizontally to the right of the center of the shaft 47 at I. Numerals II, III, and IV represent successive positions of the center at 90 degrees, 180 degrees and 270 degrees of rotation. The dashed lines marked II, II-II, III-III, and

IVIV at the left of the jaw 44 represent the corresponding positions of the crushing face of the jaw 44 during rotation. When the center of'the eccentric is at point I, the jaw 44 is positioned .at .the beginning of the stroke and the face is on line II. As the stroke begins and .the .centerof the eccentric .40 moves toward point 11, the .jaw .44.moves toward the jaw,28. As indicated by line III-II, the top of the jawmoves vfaster than any other portion, andthecrushingload is concentrated toward the top. As the eccentric center .moves from II to III, the bottom edge of the crushing face of the jaw 44 advances faster until at point III the face of the jaw 44 is parallel to its starting position as indicated by line III-III. During this portion of the stroke, the main crushingload is distributed down over the whole face of the jaw 44. As the center of the eccentric 40 rotates from point III to IV the top of the jaw 44 retreats fastest and tilts the jaw away from the fixed jaw 28, as shown by line IV-IV. Then the bottom gains speed and the jaw is returned to starting position. I have found that this particular movtion is particularly adapted for crushing ore and the like, since it allows the crushing force to travel over the entire face of the jaws 28 and 44 during the stroke.

The wave motion of the moving jaw also aids in the movement of the rock to be crushed down between the jaws. I have found that there is an optimum speed of rotation of the shaft 47 that gives the best results. This is a speed at which the material to be crushed does not have time to fall all the way to rest and fill the space between the jaws .before they start to close. At such a speed the particles are struck by impact as the jaws close and there is a better distribution of crushing load over the entire closing stroke. The optimum speed is about 475 R. P. M. for the shaft 47.

The particular constructiondescribed hereinbefore also 'providesa distinct advantagein that the entire crushing .forces are communicated to the frame sidemembers 12 tand13 ascompressive forces. .The pin will, of course, be subjected to shearing force between the support 19 andthe side frames Hand 13 and the shaft 47 will be subjected to shear forces'between the roller bearings 39 and the bearings 48 and49. The frame members 12 .and .13, however, are free of tension stresses. No parts thereof are being pushed apart by the forces urging the jaws towardeach other.

It is believed that the nature and advantages of my invention'will be clear from the foregoing description.

'Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. A jaw crusher adapted for crushing ore comprising a base, two spaced apart upright frame members on said base, a hopper plate connecting said members, and having an opening therein for passing ore, a fixed jaw, a pin mountedon said members beneath the plate on which said fixed jaw is suspended, an eccentric mount- ..ed on the sides of the frame .members opposite-said jaw,.,a.movable jaw, said movable jaw being positioned on the side. of the fixed jaw'opposite said eccentric means supported by the base and mounting.the movable jaw for movement toward and away from the fixed jaw, and arms'fixed to the movable jaw at its side edges and extending across the side edges of the fixed jaw to confine 'thematerial being crushed between said jaws, said arms "being journalled on the eccentric.

" 2. A jawcrusher adapted for crushing ore and the,

like comprising a supporting framework, a stationary crushing jaw supported on said framework, a movable crushing jaw positioned adjacent the stationary jaw, support means on the framework adjacent to the movable jaw on the side thereof opposite the stationary jaw, said means being connected to said movable jaw intermediate its upper and lower ends and supporting said movable jaw for movement toward and away from the stationary jaw, and for rocking movement with respect to the framework toward and away from the stationary jaw, a transverse drive shaft journalled on the framework on thesideof the stationary jaw opposite the movable jaw, an eccentric on said drive shaft, arms journalled on said eccentric and extending past the stationary jaw at each side thereof, said arms being rigidly secured to the movable jaw, and means to rotate the drive shaft thereby causing-said eccentric to rock said arms up and downv about thesupport means as the movable jaw is movedby said arms toward'and away from the stationary jaw.

3. A jaw crusher adapted for crushing ore and the like comprising a supporting framework, a stationary jaw having a crushing face thereon, a movable jaw having a crushing face thereon opposing the crushing face of the stationary jaw, support means connected to the movable jaw substantially midway between its upper and lower ends, said support means being connected to the framework adjacent the movable jaw and supporting the movable jaw for free-bodily movement toward and away from they stationary'jaw and [for rocking movement on the support means toward and away from the stationary jaw, a transverse drive shaft-journalled on the framework on the side of the sttionary jaw opposite the movable jaw, an eccentric on said drive shaft, arms journalled on said eccentric and extending past the stationary jaw at each side thereof, said armsbeing rigidly secured to the movable jaw, and means to rotate the drive shaft thereby causing said eccentric to rock said armsup and down about the support-means as the movable jaw is moved by said arms toward and away from the stationary jaw.

4. A jaw crusher adapted for crushing ore and the like comprising a supporting framework, a stationary jaw having a crushing face thereon, a movable jaw having a crushing face thereon opposing the crushing face of the stationary jaw, an upright leaf spring supported on the framework adjacent to the movable jaw'on the side thereof opposite the stationary jaw, connection means on the movable jaw intermediate its upper and lower ends connected to saidleaf. spring wherebytosnppoit the movable jaw on the leaf spring ,forifreebodily movement toward and away from the stationary jaw and for rocking movement toward and .awayfrom the stationary jaw, a drive shaft journalled ,on the framework on the side of thestationary jaw opposite the movable jaw, an eccentric on said drive shaft, arms journalled on the eccentric and extending past the stationary jaw at each side thereof, said arms being rigidly secured to the movable jaw, and means to rotate the drive shaft thereby causing said eccentric to rock the arms up and down about the leaft spring as the movable jaw is moved by said arms toward and away from the stationary jaw.

References Cited in the file of this patent ,UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,626,535 "Hush Apr. 26, 1927 2,591,639 Traylor Apr. 1, I952 FOREIGN PATENTS 271,799 Great Britain June 2, 1927 407,393 France Dec. 28, 1909 472,194 Italy June v10, 1952 569,705 ,Great Britain June 5, .1945 580,475 Germany July 12, 1933

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