US2822452A - Carbon pile regulator - Google Patents

Description

2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed March 3l, 1955 INVENTOR. W/LL/AM G, /VE/LD ATTORNEY Feb. 4; 195s Filed March 3l, 1955 W. G. NEILD CARBON PILE REGULATOR 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 I Il I I l I I o ARMATURE lMVEMENT I INVENTOR. WML/AM G /I/E/LD A TTORAF Y nted States Patent @thee 2,822,452 riatented Feb. 4, 1958 CARBON PILE REGULATOR William G. Neild, Fair Haven,

Aviation Corporation, of Delaware Application March 31, 1955, Serial No. 498,272

1 Claim. (Cl. 201-51) N. J., assigner to Bendix Eatontown, N. J., a corporation The present invention relates to electrical regulators and more particularly to carbon pile type regulators.

Heretofore, carbon pile regulators have been limited by the resistance range of the pile and by the wattage dissipation. ln order to secure the higher resistance necessary for operation under some conditions, the lower c actuating system. A new combined carbon pile is provided that has the desirable high resistance advantage of the high resistance pile and the low resistance advantage of the lower resistance carbon pile, thus greatly extending the range of the regulator'.

In addition to extending the resistance range, there is a gain in the wattage dissipating capacity of the regulator. Past experience indicates that beyond `a certain pile length there is very little gain in the heat dissipating ability of the regulator due to the tendency of the carbon pile to pack at the xed end. By using the two carbon piles, when maximum wattage exists, both piles `combine to dissipate the heat. While the low resistance pile dissipates the greater percentage of the total watts, the dissipation will be less than that of a same total wattage condition. Hence, the double pile regulator can be rated up in watts and still not exceed the maximum permissible `carbon pile temperatures.

it is an object of the invention to provide an improved carbon pile regulator.

Another object of the invention is to provide a novel carbon pile regulator having a wide resistance range.

Another object of the invention is to provide a novel regulator capable of going from a relatively low resistance value to a relatively high resistance value.

Another object of the invention is to provide a novel regulator with improved wattage dissipation.

Another object of the invention is to provide a regulator with improved wattage and resistance characterrstics.

The `above and other objects and features of the invention will appear more fully hereinafter from a 4consideration of the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings wherein one embodiment of the invention is illustrated by way of example.

In the drawings:

Figure l is a cutaway view of a regulator embodying the invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic embodying the invention.

Figure 3 is a graph illustrating the principle of the invention.

diagram of a regulator system single pile under the Reference is now made to Figure 1 of the drawing wherein a carbon pile regulator is indicated generally by the numeral ti. The regulator 5 has an electromagnetic coil 6, armature assembly 7, low resistance carbon pile 8 and high resistance carbon pile 9. The coil 6 is surrounded by a casing lil of a suitable ferromagnetic material. The casing 1d has a flange Sti extending inward and forming the pole face for the electromagnetic assembly. A bottom plate 12 is secured to the casing it) by screws 13 or in `any other suitable manner. A core member 14 of a suitable ferromagnetic material is screv-threaded to the plate 12 and projects into the coil 6.

A carbon pile housing 15 having heat radiating tins 16 is secured to the casing 1d by post 17. The housing 15 has a plate i8 formed integral therewith and a counterbore portion 19. Mounted in the housing 1S and extending longitudinaliy therein are tubes 19A and 20 of a suitable non-conducting material. The tube 19A carries carbon disc 2l forming the carbon pile 8 and the tube 2d carries carbon disc 22 forming the carbon pile i?. Cap members 23 and 2.4i having threaded portions 25 and 2e adapted to receive pile adjusting screws 27 and 255 are insulated from the plate i8 by insulating member 29 and secured thereto by screws 3d. The carbon pile is carried between contact plugs 31 and 32. The carbon pile 9 is carried in like manner between conduit plugs 33 and 34.

The armature assembly 7 has a diaphragm type spring 35 seated on member 11 of the housing 1d. An armature plate 36 is positioned on the side of the spring 35 adjacent to the core i4. On the opposite side of the spring 35, a clamping plate 37 is positioned so that the spring 35 is clamped between the plates 36 and 37 by suitable fastening screws 3d. Cup-shaped members 39 and 4d, adapted to hold contact plugs 3i and 33, respectively, are mounted on the plate 37 by screws or other suitable means. An insulating member il insulates the members 39 and 46 from the plate 37. The armature plate 36 comprises a ring-like section 42 secured by the screws 38 and a center section 43. The sections ft2 and i3 are adapted to be screw-threaded together.

A member afi is secured to the clamping plate 37 by screws (not shown). Secured to the member 44 by screws 45 is a counterbalance 46. One side of a spring-like member 47 is clamped between the member 44 and counterbalance 56. The other side of the member 47 is secured to the casing 1% by clamping member 48 and screws 49. An opening 5d is provided in the housing 15 for the member dfi.

Reference is now made to Figures 2 and 3 of the drawing for an explanation or" the operation of the invention. in Figure 2 the regulator 5 is illustrated diagrammatically in a generator system wherein corresponding parte have been assigned the same reference numerals as in Figure 1.

A generator is indicated generally by the numeral 51 and has an armature 52, series eld winding 53, and shunt eld winding 54. One terminal of the armature 52 is connected to load bus 55 The other terminal of armature 52 is connected through the series lield winding to load bus Sie. One end of the shunt field winding 54. is connected by conductor S7 to the bus 55. The other end of the winding S is connected by conductor 58 to one end of the carbon piles 3 and 9 of the regulator 5. The other end of the carbon piles 8 and 9 are connected by a conductor 59 to the bus 55.

The regulator 5 is shown diagrammatically herein as including the armature 36 pivoted at 47 and biased by the spring 35 in a direction for decreasing the resistance of the carbon piles 3 and 9. Opposing the spring 35 is the electromagnetic control winding 6. One end of the 3 Winding 6 is connected by a conductor 60 to the bus 55. The other end of the winding 6 is connected by a conductor 61 to the bus S6. A variable resistance 62 may be inserted in the conductor 6G to regulate the voltage setting of the windings.

The resistance and elongation characteristics of a carbon pile are determined by the number of carbon discs and their thickness. A pile made up of many thin discs will have a higher resisitance and greater elongation than one of the same length made up of a few thick discs. By proper selection of the disc, carbon piles may be made up having the resistance characteristics illustrated by the Hi and Lo curves of Figure 3, wherein resistance is plotted as a function of armature movement.

The two carbon piles 8 and 9 are actuated by the common armature 36 and are electrically connected in parallel, The high resistance pile 9 has a greater elongation than the low resistance pile 8. From the curves of Figure 3, it can be seen that at the high speed no load condition, or high resistance condition, only the high resistance pile is in the circuit and the low resistance pile is open. As the total resistance of the regulator is decreased, the low resistance pile makes contact and enters into the circuit. The resultant resistance characteristics of the two piles in parallel are shown by the dashed line curve. As the regulator resistance decreases, the low resistance pile picks up more and more of the load andV at the low speed, full load condition, it is carrying most of the load. Although the low resistance pile opens as the regulator resistance increases, it is in parallel with the high resistance pile, hence it always has a resistance connected across it, therefore, never breaks an inductive 4 load. Thus, any arcs drawn in the low resistance pile will be of very low wattage, non-inductive and hence not destructive.

Thus, it can be seen that a regulator, such as described herein, would have a longer life in that the high resistance carbon pile would break all the transient arcs, while the low resistance carbon pile would do the bulk of the regulating. Further, the transition from one pile to the other is gradual and there is no abrupt break,

Although only one embodiment of the invention has been illustrated and described, various changes in the form and relative arrangement of the parts, which will now appear to those skilled in the art, may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.

What is claimed is:

An electric regulator comprising a housing, a first plurality of compressible carbon discs forming a first carbon pile having one resistance characteristic, a second plurality of compressible carbon discs forming a second carbon pile having a different resistance characteristic, an armature operably connected so as to adustably cornpress said carbon piles, a diaphragm type spring for biasing said armature in a first direction, and electromagnet for biasing said 'armature in the opposite direction in opposition to said spring, and means connecting said carbon piles in parallel whereby a third resistance characteristic is obtained.

Donop Oct. 28, 1919 Turbayne Nov. 4, 1919

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