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US2801587A - Folding fins for rockets and missiles - Google Patents

Folding fins for rockets and missiles Download PDF

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Publication number
US2801587A
US2801587A US335615A US33561553A US2801587A US 2801587 A US2801587 A US 2801587A US 335615 A US335615 A US 335615A US 33561553 A US33561553 A US 33561553A US 2801587 A US2801587 A US 2801587A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
rocket
rockets
fins
piston
missiles
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US335615A
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English (en)
Inventor
Albert S Gould
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE565999D priority Critical patent/BE565999A/xx
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to US335615A priority patent/US2801587A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2801587A publication Critical patent/US2801587A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B10/00—Means for influencing, e.g. improving, the aerodynamic properties of projectiles or missiles; Arrangements on projectiles or missiles for stabilising, steering, range-reducing, range-increasing or fall-retarding
    • F42B10/02—Stabilising arrangements
    • F42B10/14—Stabilising arrangements using fins spread or deployed after launch, e.g. after leaving the barrel
    • F42B10/20—Stabilising arrangements using fins spread or deployed after launch, e.g. after leaving the barrel deployed by combustion gas pressure, or by pneumatic or hydraulic forces

Definitions

  • L1-Claims. (Cl. IGZ- 50) y(Grantedmaar Tine-iss, UfsrCo-de (19s2),-sec. 266) 7The -inventiondescribed herein may be manufactured Iandusedby lor'for theeGovernment rof the' United States ⁇ "f America for governmental purposes without the payment of'anyroyalties thereon ortherefor.
  • VAThis -invention' relates ⁇ to rockets ⁇ and more particularly "totimprovements in stabilizingfiins for same.
  • One of the objects of the' invention isV to' provide a novel multiple "iin 'construction for 4a rocket ⁇ which permits launching of the rocket'through alaunching tube with "he'ns in foldedposition.
  • Another'object is to provide anovel folding fin andex- 4haust nozzle construction.
  • Another object isto provide novel'mechanism for con- 'jointlyactuating the'fins totheirextended positions, utilizing the pressure in'therocket motor reaction chamber.
  • Anotherobject 'isto actuate the'ns to their extended positions by a fin opening force'resistingan acceleration f0rce, ⁇ b ⁇ othfof which arelproportional to the rocket ⁇ motor reaction chamber ⁇ pressure.
  • Another object is toprovide a folding fin construction which may :be readily employed in rockets of relatively small calibre.
  • Another 1object is to provide a zsirnplied folding iin '.construction'which may be feconomically mass produced.
  • Fig. 1 is a longitudinal-cross section of one form of rocket nozzle and 'n construction, showing the fins in folded position, Vltaken -on line ⁇ 1-l1, Figs. 3 and 4, portt'ionsfbeing broken -awayan ⁇ de'other portions omitted;
  • Fig. 1A is a fragmentary view similar to Fig. 1, showing the ns in extended position;
  • Fig. 2 is 'a section taken on line 2 2, Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a rear elevation as viewed from plane 3 3, Fig. 1, a portion being broken away;
  • Fig. 4 is an enlarged side elevation of a detail, viewed in the direction of arrow 4, Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 5 is a section taken on line 5 5, Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 6 is a section taken on line 6 6, Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 7 is an enlarged side elevation of a fin retainer shown in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 8 is a rear elevation of Fig. 7, as viewed in the direction of arrow 8;
  • Fig. 9 is a section taken on line 9 9, Fig. 8, showing the retainer associated with fragments of the tins, portions of the latter being broken away;
  • Fig. 10 is a rear elevation of an alternative form of the invention.
  • Fig. 11 is a fragmentary section taken on line 11-11, showing ya fin in folded position, and
  • Fig. 11A is a section like Fig. 11, showing a n in extended position.
  • the subject of the invention comprises a cup-shaped member 20 which is secured tothe rear end of arocket motor tube 22 lin anysuitable manner, -this member forming th'e'rearvclosure for the. rocket motor andalso a support'for a plurality of angularly spaced nozzles 24, 24a, 2417, 24e.
  • Acollar 26 is secured'fto member 20 by a plurality of screws 28 'and is provided with equiangularly spaced 'slots l30, 30a,53 ⁇ 0b, 30e which receive, respectivelyfthe base portions,'32, 32a, 32'b,f3 ⁇ 2c of fins 34, 34a, 34b, 34C.
  • apin '36 supported in aperture in memberx26 and extending through an aperture in base portion 32-.of"iin 34, pivotally supports thelatter on the rocket ffor movement in a planepassing through the longitudinal axis of the rocket.
  • 4fins 34a, 34b, 34care ⁇ pivotally connected to member 26 -in the same manner bypins 36a, ⁇ 36b,'36c, respectively. 4 e
  • a cylinder 38 is rigidly .aixed to the-center of member 20 tand slideably carries a-piston 40 therein to one end of which is rigidly al ⁇ n ⁇ xed a cruciform member 42 having projecting ⁇ fingers 43, 43a, 4311, 43e. As best shown'in'FigfZ, member 42 is 4'shaped so that-it may slide in the spaces between Ythervarious nozzles.
  • a cap 44having ⁇ apertures 46 extending therethrough is disposed on the innerA end of the cylinder.
  • the piston is provided with a frustoconicl portion 48 and the vcylinder is provided with a bore 50 of similar shape, the purpose of which will subsequently appear.
  • the tins are of uniform width anduniformly decrease in thickness from their forward or base portions toward their rear or tip ends.
  • the side yfaces are beveled so'that Lthe leading and trailing edges are generally knife shaped.
  • thefns are .pro -vided withnotches .S4 which vreceive a resilient circular wire member Y'56 which is disposed in a circular Vgroove 58 in an retainer "member l60.
  • This member is also provided with Afour equiangularly spaced notches 62, each of which receivesa rear portion of a tin tip.
  • a notched rubber disk ⁇ 64 uis disposed between the variousns and urges them outwardly, this urge being resisted bywire 56, engaging n notches T54, thus ,preventing unauthorized outward movement of thelins Member''tl'is constructedof electricalinsulat'ing material andis provided witha metallic Vcontact66.
  • One end of alead wire68 is connected to this contact, the lead wire being trained through an aperture 70 in member 64 and thence through one of the nozzles Where its other end (not shown) connects with one end of a bridge wire of a squib disposed within the rocket motor, the other end of the bridge wire being grounded to the motor.
  • the rocket is disposed within a launcher tube which is slightly larger in diameter than the rocket.
  • an electrical potential is applied between contact 66 and the rocket tube which causes current to flow through the bridge wire of the squib tiring the latter and igniting the propellant charge in the rocket motor.
  • the nozzle blast blows away tin retainer 6i), and the pressure in the motor forces piston 40 and member 42 rearwardly thus tending to cam the fins outwardly.
  • the tube restrains this motion and the iins ride against the tube until the rocket has passed through its forward end. At this point, with the tube restraint no longer present, the piston moves to its rearward limit position, as Ishown in Fig.
  • ⁇ continues jin aman'ne'r similar: to the first described emf lbodiment,r that is, with a relatively kshorter lever arm.; When the parts reachl theA positionl shown fin .Fig 151A,l the outer tip' of. 'a 'finger is vdisposed vin a notch lof a l ⁇ rfinl which latches lthe partsl against retrograde movement'.
  • a rocket motor ⁇ a cup lshaped closure -member adapted to be secured lto the rear end of rsaid rocket and having ka ⁇ rear' wall, ysaid closure ⁇ member having .exit ⁇ means for the discharge'of propellant gases frornsaid,y f A rocket; a ⁇ plurality otiin's pivotally mounted onthe rear l wall tot.
  • said: closurey member for ⁇ angular* rotation from l a rearwardly folded positiong toA a forwardly open posi'f tion, ⁇ each of said tins having an exposed lateral surface on the forward end thereof, and an actuator for said pivotally mounted ns interposed between the end wall of said closure member and the lateral end surface of each of said tins for abutting engagement therewith, and means operated by the internal gas pressure of said rocket motor for transmitting longitudinal movement to said actuator, the said actuator having slidable abutting engagement with the end surface of said tins whereby to cause the angular rotation of said iins about said pivot to decrease with the longitudinal movement of said actuator.
  • a cup shaped member adapted to be secured to the rear end of said rocket and having a rear wall, a plurality of exhaust nozsaid rear wall, a lplurality.ofzoutwardiy radially projectl ling iingersl eachy secured to said extending portion of said piston yfor actuating said fins, said ngers .being in inter- ⁇ digital ⁇ relation with the projecting portions ofsaid nozzles, f l
  • each of said iingers having a lateral rearwardly exposed Asurface and terminating in an outer end surface ⁇ substan ⁇ f tially equidistant from lthe longitudinal axisk of said piston,

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
US335615A 1953-02-06 1953-02-06 Folding fins for rockets and missiles Expired - Lifetime US2801587A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE565999D BE565999A (xx) 1953-02-06
US335615A US2801587A (en) 1953-02-06 1953-02-06 Folding fins for rockets and missiles

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US335615A US2801587A (en) 1953-02-06 1953-02-06 Folding fins for rockets and missiles

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US2801587A true US2801587A (en) 1957-08-06

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US335615A Expired - Lifetime US2801587A (en) 1953-02-06 1953-02-06 Folding fins for rockets and missiles

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BE (1) BE565999A (xx)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3048112A (en) * 1959-02-06 1962-08-07 Phillips Petroleum Co Gas generator
US3053184A (en) * 1959-03-09 1962-09-11 Hotchkiss Brandt Gas ejecting nozzle and projectile stabilizing fins for a self-propelled projectile
US3098446A (en) * 1960-07-11 1963-07-23 Hotchkiss Brandt Openable fin arrangement
US3174430A (en) * 1961-07-19 1965-03-23 Mach Tool Works Oerlikon Rocket projectile with spreadable empennage
US3185097A (en) * 1956-08-02 1965-05-25 Vincent J Cushing Missile stabilizing means
US3289587A (en) * 1965-07-07 1966-12-06 John J Donnelly Fin stabilized projectile
US3986684A (en) * 1974-07-30 1976-10-19 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Folding tail fins
US4143838A (en) * 1977-08-22 1979-03-13 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Folding fin assembly detent
US4175720A (en) * 1978-04-05 1979-11-27 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Retainer/release mechanism for use on fin stabilized gun fired projectiles
US4203569A (en) * 1977-10-17 1980-05-20 Bei Electronics, Inc. Fin and nozzle unit for a free-flight rocket
US4860969A (en) * 1987-06-30 1989-08-29 Diehl Gmbh & Co. Airborne body
EP0389358A1 (fr) * 1989-03-24 1990-09-26 Thomson-Brandt Armements Système d'ouverture d'un empennage déployant pour projectile
DE4020897A1 (de) * 1990-06-30 1992-01-09 Diehl Gmbh & Co Projektil
EP0499907A2 (de) * 1991-02-20 1992-08-26 DIEHL GMBH & CO. Projektil mit ausklappbarem Leitwerk
US6609597B1 (en) 2002-02-06 2003-08-26 Enertrols, Inc. Dampening apparatus
US7083140B1 (en) 2004-09-14 2006-08-01 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Full-bore artillery projectile fin development device and method

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1879840A (en) * 1930-05-22 1932-09-27 Brandt Edgar William Bladed projectile
FR896502A (fr) * 1940-09-23 1945-02-23 Commerciale Caproni Comp Dispositif de commande des ailettes d'un projectile muni d'un empennage
US2427217A (en) * 1943-09-23 1947-09-09 Harry J Lebherz Rocket fin assembly
US2462135A (en) * 1944-04-06 1949-02-22 Leslie A Skinner Rocket primer
GB634090A (en) * 1946-07-15 1950-03-15 William Alexander Onslow Marti Improvements in and connected with stabilizing fins for projectiles
US2503269A (en) * 1944-06-01 1950-04-11 Clarence N Hickman Rocket propelled illuminating flare
US2589129A (en) * 1950-07-12 1952-03-11 Speers G Ponder Chemical bomb
US2613605A (en) * 1946-11-09 1952-10-14 Energa Projectile
US2645999A (en) * 1947-07-18 1953-07-21 Ben T Bogard Nozzle closure-contact ring assembly for rockets

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1879840A (en) * 1930-05-22 1932-09-27 Brandt Edgar William Bladed projectile
FR896502A (fr) * 1940-09-23 1945-02-23 Commerciale Caproni Comp Dispositif de commande des ailettes d'un projectile muni d'un empennage
US2427217A (en) * 1943-09-23 1947-09-09 Harry J Lebherz Rocket fin assembly
US2462135A (en) * 1944-04-06 1949-02-22 Leslie A Skinner Rocket primer
US2503269A (en) * 1944-06-01 1950-04-11 Clarence N Hickman Rocket propelled illuminating flare
GB634090A (en) * 1946-07-15 1950-03-15 William Alexander Onslow Marti Improvements in and connected with stabilizing fins for projectiles
US2613605A (en) * 1946-11-09 1952-10-14 Energa Projectile
US2645999A (en) * 1947-07-18 1953-07-21 Ben T Bogard Nozzle closure-contact ring assembly for rockets
US2589129A (en) * 1950-07-12 1952-03-11 Speers G Ponder Chemical bomb

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3185097A (en) * 1956-08-02 1965-05-25 Vincent J Cushing Missile stabilizing means
US3048112A (en) * 1959-02-06 1962-08-07 Phillips Petroleum Co Gas generator
US3053184A (en) * 1959-03-09 1962-09-11 Hotchkiss Brandt Gas ejecting nozzle and projectile stabilizing fins for a self-propelled projectile
US3098446A (en) * 1960-07-11 1963-07-23 Hotchkiss Brandt Openable fin arrangement
US3174430A (en) * 1961-07-19 1965-03-23 Mach Tool Works Oerlikon Rocket projectile with spreadable empennage
US3289587A (en) * 1965-07-07 1966-12-06 John J Donnelly Fin stabilized projectile
US3986684A (en) * 1974-07-30 1976-10-19 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Folding tail fins
US4143838A (en) * 1977-08-22 1979-03-13 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Folding fin assembly detent
US4203569A (en) * 1977-10-17 1980-05-20 Bei Electronics, Inc. Fin and nozzle unit for a free-flight rocket
US4175720A (en) * 1978-04-05 1979-11-27 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Retainer/release mechanism for use on fin stabilized gun fired projectiles
US4860969A (en) * 1987-06-30 1989-08-29 Diehl Gmbh & Co. Airborne body
EP0389358A1 (fr) * 1989-03-24 1990-09-26 Thomson-Brandt Armements Système d'ouverture d'un empennage déployant pour projectile
FR2644880A1 (fr) * 1989-03-24 1990-09-28 Thomson Brandt Armements Systeme d'ouverture d'un empennage deployant pour projectile
US5082203A (en) * 1989-03-24 1992-01-21 Thomson-Brandt Armements System for the opening of an unfolding tail unit for projectiles
DE4020897A1 (de) * 1990-06-30 1992-01-09 Diehl Gmbh & Co Projektil
US5114095A (en) * 1990-06-30 1992-05-19 Diehl Gmbh & Co. Arrangement for the unlatching and extension of the stabilizing fins of a projectile
EP0499907A2 (de) * 1991-02-20 1992-08-26 DIEHL GMBH & CO. Projektil mit ausklappbarem Leitwerk
EP0499907A3 (en) * 1991-02-20 1993-03-31 Diehl Gmbh & Co. Projectile having deployable fins
US6609597B1 (en) 2002-02-06 2003-08-26 Enertrols, Inc. Dampening apparatus
US7083140B1 (en) 2004-09-14 2006-08-01 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Full-bore artillery projectile fin development device and method

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Publication number Publication date
BE565999A (xx)

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