US2778459A - Steel girders - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 22, 1957 K, HECKER ET AL 2,778,459

STEEL GIRDERS Filed July 3, 1951. 2 ShetS-Sheet 1 ffy. 3

jan, 22, 1957 K. HECKER vET A1.

STEEL G IRDERS 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed July s, 1951 ffy. /a

United States Patent O y y STEEL GIRDERS Kurt Hecker, Paul Jordan, and Willy Kaiser, Frankfurt am Main, and Herbert Vgel, Neu-Isenburg, near Frankfurt am Main, Germany This invention relates to improvements in steel girders for use in steel-concrete construction.

The use of steel girders for floors and ceilings is known, which girders take the form of simple l sections, Z-steel, or light lattice girders, if desired with perforations in the web or main body, others consisting of angle-sections, and like sections in combination with corrugated plates or the like. However, the known girders neither save weight nor are they susceptible to be economically produced.

It is an object of this inventiony to provide light steel girders capable, when assembled and without being enclosed in concrete, to take up the entire natural load and an additional useful load.

A further object of this invention' is to' save material in the production of steel girders and to ydecrease construction costs wherever steel girders are used.

Other objects of the invention will' become apparent in the course ofthe following specication.

In the attainment of these objectives, the improved girders are made in three embodiments. In the rst embodiment, two spaced sheet metal elements which may be less than 4 mm'. in thickness are used and in which coacting strips, partially cut out of the web or main body of the elements, are drawn inwardly between the elements to form engaged protuberances which are secured together. The second embodiment is like the rst except that rather than having the inwardly drawn strips or protuberances for connecting the two elements, the protuberances take the form of tongues stamped out of the webs or main bodies of the elements and then bent inwardly toward the opposite element for attachment thereto. The third form of the improved girders is also like the rst except that the protuberances take the form of coacting bulges formed in the web or main body of each element with the crests of the bulges meeting between the elements and fastened together.

The invention will appear more clearly from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings showing by way of eX- ample, the preferred embodiments of the inventive concept.

In the drawings:

Figures 1-3 show the rst embodiment of the improved girder constructed in accordance with the principles of the invention and in which:

Figure 1 is a fragmentary side elevational View of the girder;

Figure 2 is an end view of the girder shown in Figure l; and

Figure 3 is a plan view of the girder shown in Figure 1.

Figures 4-6 shows the second embodiment of the improved girder, and in which:

Figure 4 is a fragmentary side elevational View of the girder;

Figure 5 is an end `view of the girdershown in Figure 4; and

n 2,778,459 Patented' Jan. 22., v1957 ICC Figure 6 is a plan view of the girder shown in Figure 4.

Figures 7-9 show the third embodiment of the improved girder, and in which:

Figure 7 is a fragmentary side elevational View of the girder;

lFigure, 8 is an end view of the girder shown in Figure 7; and

Figure 9 is a plan View of the girder shown in Figure 7. Y t

Figure 10 is a sectional View through a steel-concrete joist ceiling having lling elements and showing ldiagrammatically the use of the improved girders.

Referring now in greater detail to the iirst embodiment of the improved girders shown in Figures 1-3', reference numeral 1 indicates two strip steel elements or sections, 4 lengthy formations or vprotuberances partially severed from the web or main body of the steel sections, and 4a transverse reinforcementv beads.

Each of the two spaced steel sections 1 at the bottom is turned outwardly to form the ange 2 at 90 to the plane vofthe main` body, and at the top to form an outwardly and upwardly turnededge 3 forming an obtuse angle with the plane of the main body as illustrated. Alignedl strips 4 are partially cut out of the main body of eachsection along the lines 4b and 4c (Fig. 1), the partially severed portion being then drawn inwardly to form protuberances in engagement with or aligned with similar protuberances on the opposite section. Each pair of engaged protuberances are then joined together by any known means such as spot or beadwelding, riveting, flanging, or by means of clips. Asis shown in Figure 3, a lattic-like interconnection' ofthe two sections is thus obtained. The transverse beads 4a are pressed from the main bodies intermediate the protuberances for reinforcement purposes. l

In the. second embodiment vof the improved` girders shown in Figures 4-6, the construction is the same as that previously described for the first embodiment except that in place of the inwardly drawn strips or protuberances of the first embodiment, the protuberances take the form of the tongues 5 which are stamped out of the main body of each section, for example, along the lines 5a and 5b and Sag/the spaced lines 5a and 5b being intersected by the line 5c. The partially severed portions vare then bent inwardly to engage the opposite section to which attachment is made by any suitable means. Of course, the tongues of each section will be in staggered relationship as most clearly shown in Figures 4 and 5 rather than being in aligned or opposed relationship as the strips of the previously described rst embodiment.

In the third embodiment of the improved girders shown in Figures 7-9, the construction is also the same as that of the first embodiment except that in place of the strip protuberances of the first embodiment, the protuberances of the third embodiment take the form of arcuate bulges 6 formed in the web or main body of each element or section by being inwardly rolled. However, the bulges of each section arev aligned to form coacting pairs meeting substantially at the highest point of the crests and then fastened together in a known manner. Between the bulges are the reinforced apertures 7 with thick outwardly extendinganged edges along the upper part of the sections and between the bulges.

The rectangular apertures created in the main bodies of the sections in the formation of the strip and tongue protuberances of the iirst and second embodiments ensure an intimate uniform connection of the concrete introduced so that thrusts and shear stresses are taken up.

The filling of the bulge protuberances of the third embodiment with concrete affords security against thrusts and shear stresses. The outward flanging of the apertures 7 in theupper part of each section or element of the same embodiment provides a Yconsiderable increase in resistance to bulging while the bulges b, formed by cold deformation, produce an increase in the strength of the material employed.

The formation by rolling of the transverse beads 4a, as shown in the first and second embodiments, and even in the third embodiment (not shown) will further increase the strength of the girder.

As illustrated in Figure l0, the improved steel girders are used as joist reinforcements for ceilings. The hollow filling elements 8 bear on the lower iianges of two of the girders and form the filling between the girders, and, at the same time, the shuttering for the rib concrete or the end concrete which is introduced after the completion of the assembly and in which subject girders are embedded as reinforcements. It will be noted in Figure l0 that each of the filling elements 8 have a bottom ledge 9 extending under the girder over the entire width thereof. The narrow slot remaining between the girder flanges and the bottom ledges 9 can only be filled with concrete because suicient space is left for the passage of the concrete between the spaced metal sections i.

It will be obvious that the new girder is susceptible of a wide variety of modifications and alterations within the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

l. A girder and like structure comprising two elongated plates having surfaces substantially parallel to and spaced from each other, both said plates having spaced apart rst protuberances of substantially equal configuration and extending in transverse direction to the plates and recessed in said surfaces thereof, and second protuberances in the form of tongue members of substantially equal length struck out of the material of said plates and arranged to extend in lengthwise direction thereof and within the space between two adjacent transversely extending rst protuberances, said tongue members of one plate being disposed alternately in one of two parallel, longitudinal rows, the tongue members of the other plate extending in planes parallel to each other and intersecting with the planes in which said tongue members of said one plate extend, the free ends of said tongue members of said plates abutting the respective surfaces of said plates, to thereby space said surfaces of said plates from each other.

2. A girder and like structure comprising two elongated plates having surfaces substantially parallel to each other, both said plates being provided with spaced apart lirst protuberances of substantially equal configuration and extending in transverse direction to the plates and recessed in said surfaces thereof, and second protuberances forming tongue members substantially equal in length and struck out of the material of each plate, said tongue members being bent angularly to said plates toward an opposed plate and being oriented in the lengthwise direction thereof and disposed between two adjacent transverse first protuberances of each plate, said tongue members of said plates terminating in free ends, said tongue members of one plate extending in planes parallel to each other and being arranged alternately in one of two parallel longitudinal rows, the tongue members of the other plate extending in planes parallel to each other and intersecting with the planes in which said tongue members of said one plate extend, and bonding means attaching the respective free ends of said tongue members to said surfaces of said plates to space the same at a predetermined distance from each other.

3. A girder according to claim 2, whereby the opposite sides of said plates are bent angularly to the remainder of said plates.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 854,391 Voshardt May 21, 1907 1,311,820 Jones July 29, 1919 FOREIGN PATENTS 704,320 France Feb. 17, 1931 504,405 Great Britain Oct. 25, 1938

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