US2772011A - Bucket ejector for digging apparatus - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 27, l1956 Filed Aug. 15, 1952 R. FERWERDA BUCKET EJECTOR FOR DIGGING 'ABBARATUS 5 Sheetsm'iheet 1 INVENTOR.

A TTUNYS Nov. 27, 1956. R.fFERwl-:RDA

BUCKET EJECTOR FOR DIGGING APPARATUS 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Aug. 15. 1952.

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Nov. 27, 1956 R. FERWERDA 2,772,011

BUCKET EJEC-TOR FOR DIGGI-NG APPARATUS Filed Aug. 15, 1952 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 1N VEN TOR. RAY FER w'RDA Arron/V575 Nov. 27, 1956 R. Fr-:Rwg-:RDA BUCKET EJE'f-:TR FOR DIGGING APPARATUS Filed Aug. 15, 1952 INVENTOR.

5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Nov. 27, 1956 R. FERWERDA 2,772,011

BUCKET FOR DIGGING APPARATUS Filed Aug. 15, '1952 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR. RAY Ffa wfRoA ATTORIVYS United States Patent O BUCKET EJECTOR FR DIGGING APPARATUS Ray Ferwerda, Miami, Fla. a

Application August 15, 1952, Serial No. 304,544

3 Claims. (Cl. 214-510) This invention relates to improvements in a boom supported olset digging apparatus.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a digging implement operated by a telescopic boom mounted on a vehicle, wherein the digging implement is either substantially in line with one side of the vehizle, or laterally outside the rest of the vehicle, making it possible to excavate close against obstacles such as buildings, poles, wires and the like. The invention also makes it possible to keep the vehicle on a roadway while digging laterally to one side of the roadway.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a novel scoop bucket, mounted offset from the main boom, and open in a fore-and-aft direction so that digging is easily accomplished using the telescoping action of the boom.

A. further object of the invention is to provide a novel ejector blade in combination with the scoop bucket of the preceding paragraph, for ejecting the contents of the scoop bucket. Preferably, movement of the bucket relative to the boom is provided and this relative movement is utilized to actuate the ejector blade automatically.

Still another object of the invention is to provide novel stop means engaged between the boom and the ground below it so as to automatically position the bucket for digging a predetermined distance below said ground level.

The invention also provides the novel combination of a boom supporting a digging bucket and means for oscillating the boom about its own longitudinal axis, so that the material scraped up by the bucket may be dumped to one side of its excavation without swinging the boom. Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the accompanying drawings and specification, and the essential features thereof will be set forth in the appended claims.

In the drawings,

Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of a vehicle and boom with which my invention may be used;

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the same;

Pig. 3 is a side elevationai view, enlarged, taken from the position of the line 3 3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a view, partly in section, taken along the line 4-4 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a fragmental View, enlarged, taken from the position of the line 55 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 is a top plan view of the structure of Fig, 3, being taken from the position of the line 6 6;

Fig. 7 is an end elevational View of the structure of Fig. 6, being taken from the position of the line 7-7, and showing my invention used for digging a ditch a predetermined distance below the grade of a roadway; while Figs. 8 and 9 are views similar to Fig. 3 showing different positions of the parts.

For illustrating a vehicle and boom with which the present invention may be used, I have shown the material moving apparatus which is fully described and claimed in U. S. Patent No. 2,541,045, granted February 13, 1951,

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to myself and Koop Ferwerda. A brief description of this apparatus will be given and for further details reference may be had to the above named patent.

As is clearly shown in Figs. l and 2 of the drawings, the material moving apparatus comprises a support 1, preferably in the form of a vehicle of rigid construction with heavy wheels 2 and axles 3 and a substantial frame or body member 4, on the upper side of which a circular turntable unit 5 provided with roller bearings 6 is mounted. The upper turntable member is secured to the under side of an enlarged platform 7, which is provided at a central point with an opening through which a fixed vertical standard 8 secured at its lower end 9 to the vehicle body member 4, is engaged. The standard 8 carries `at its upper end a stationary sprocket 11, over which a sprocket chain 12 is engaged. The sprocket chain 12 is preferably of a length adequate to carry the platform 7 through a rotation around the turntable of at least a complete circle.

The means for rotating the platform in the full hydraulic system illustrated provides a hydraulic cylinder unit at each end of the sprocket chain 12. These cylinder units 13, 14, are preferably anchored on the platform oor along diagonal lines at each of the rearward corners. Each cylinder should be of sufficient length to permit its piston rods 15, 16, respectively, a long range of motion. Oil under pressure is supplied selectively to one or the other of these cylinders according to the direction of motion desired. An oil line connection 18 between the two cylinders, transfers oil from one cylinder to its companion cylinder to correspond with the direction of movement.

The rotatable platform 7, at its forward portion at one side is provided with an operators cab 21, and the valve controls are centered at such point.

Centrally of the platform 7, an extensible boom 22 is provided, the forward portion of the main tbody of the boom projecting beyond the front edge of the platform, in the apparatus illustrated, approximately half its length. In order to obtain longer range of action and balanced operation the boom is pivoted on the platform at an intermediate point, in the apparatus illustrated, at a point approximately one-third the distance from its rearward end. The horizontal pivot for the boom is somewhat in advance of the turntable center and is part of a broad rigid structure supporting the boom horizontally in va plane some distance above the floor of the platform 7.

The supporting structure for the boom 22 comprises a pair of heavy plates 23, 24, securely mounted centrally of the platform 7 and spaced apart a distance somewhat greater than the turntable width. At the forward upper edges of the plates, trunnion bearings 25, are mounted, within which the stub axles 26 are engaged, the stub axles being secured to the opposite sides of an annular roller bearing tra-ck 27 within which an annular roller bearing shell 23 is rotatably engaged. The plates 23, X4, are cut away on an angle at their rearward portion 29 to a point adjacent the iloor of the platform and immediately inside the walls thus provided, boom raising and lowering cylinders 31, 32, are pivotally mounted on the platform immediately below the trunnion bearings 25 of the boom.

. The piston rods 35 of the boom raising and lowering prises .the rearward section l, preferably formed of aY skeletonized frame of three tubular members 52, 53, 54, of extended length secured in the rearward end plate 42,

preferably, arranged in triangular relation to provide two lower parallel `track-ways 52, 53, and a central upper trackway 54. K

The rearward boom section 51 is securely engaged within the annular roller bearing shell Z which, as stated, rotates -within the annular roller bearing 'trackway heretofore described. Adjacent its forward end the boom section YSi. is provided with a triangular bracing member 55, andsit may also have one or more similar intermediate bracing members, such `as shown at 56. s

At the extreme kforward `ends of the tubular members 5?., 53, Se, Vbracketsv S7 carrying grooved rollers 58 are provided for cooperation with the extensible or telescopic vinner boom section 6l. The boom section 51 is preferably made very rigid and its central portion vmay be provided Ywith reinforcing webs or gusset plates of sheet metal 59 welded to the .tubular members'SZ, 53, S4 on their outer surfaces or to the brace lbars secured thereto.

The inner boom section 61 is very similar in Vconstruction to the outer boom section 51 having three triangularly related tubular members 62, 63, 64, with bracing mem 7 bers 65Yat'intervals of their length. At their rearward Y ends the tubular members `6?., 63 and 64 each carry af tion to overcomewhen the boom extension moves outwardly Vor -in the reverse direction.

Y The boom extension and implement control cylinders are shownat 106 and 107 in Fig. l. Main cylinder 106 has its rear end attached to the main l,boom portion and has its piston rodconnected at its front end to the extensible boo-m portion so that pressure fluid supplied in rear of the piston will extend the boom `and pressure lluid supplied in front of the piston will retract the boom. Positioning cylinder 107 is for controlling an implement mounted on theV extensible boom portion, Vbut is not used with the present invention. The hydraulic control system is as shown in Fig. 5 of the above mentioned patent.

The telescopic boom and arrangement of the hydraulic pressure lines may also .take any of the forms shown in the lcopending application of myself and Koop Fer-werda, Serial No. 203,156, tiled December 28, 1950.

The present invention provides .a bucket-supporting boom portion 68, laterally offset from the telescopic boom `and generally parallel thereto. The boom portion 68 is preferably formed of three axially extending tubular members, 69 and 7@ on the bottom, and 71 -on the top.

These *are rigidly connected by relatively light plates or bracing members 72. The `boom portion 63 is rigidly Y connected to the extensible boom portion 61. A tubular member 73 is rigidly mounted in brackets 74, normally used for mounting an implement on the end of the telescopic boom. Member 73 is' welded to tubular member 69. An extension tube 73a is welded between members 69 land 7i). Braces rigidly connected between boom portions 61 `and 63 are shown `at 75. s Y

The digging implement is shown as a ybucket '76 of scoop form having two generally parallel side walls 77 lrigidly connected'by a continuous wall 78 having a back wall portion '78a and a bottom wall portion '73h Vcon# nected by a curved wall portion 73C. Y The side walls are generally C shape inform. rhe diggingwends of side walls 77 and bottom .wallib are provided with hardened digging edges indicated at V79. The bracket 76 is,Y

inthe form of a scoop so as to dig in a .fore-and-af-t direction, parallel to the movement of the telescopic'boom.

YThe scoop .is shown opening rearwardly toward the Vop-Y Verators cab 2l so that he may see what heris doing.

However, the scoop might open forwardly,

VThe bucket 76 is mounted for pivotal action about hollow tubular shaft Si). This shaft is fixed in brackets Si carried at the front end of boom portion 63. A plate S2 fixed to bucket side walls 77 carries two upstandin'g Years 83, each of which terminates in a hollow trunnion Se embracing shaft Si?. Crank arms S5 andV 36 move together about shaft Sti as a pivot. Arm 85 cornprises two parallel plates between which link 87 is'pivoted at point SS. i to earsv90 secured to lbucket 76. Arm 3.6 comprises two parallel plates betweenU which is pivotally mounted pis-V be dumped by moving it to the position of Fig. 8, l pre- Y fer to provide means for aiding the discharge of the V bucket contents which may be ymud or sticky clay. Such aV means is shown as ejector blade 95. This blade ex- Y tends between the side walls 77 .and generally conforms to the bottom and `curved wall portions '13b and 78C.

Above that, it inclines upwardly and away from back arm 97, below pivot 161, andjbucket-'Id normally holds f blade in the position of Figs. 3 and 8.

Preferably, but not necessarily, the lip portion of blade 95, which is mainly the bottomY portion 73]?, isA hingedly connected to the rest of the biade at hinge im extending at right langles to side wallss77. VThis aidsV in expelling the contents of bucket 76.

Preferably, but it is not alwaysnecessary, l provide Y stop means en-gageable between the telescopic boom and Athe ground beneath is so as to limit the depth at fwhich bucket 76 will dig, as shown -atsline B, Fig. 3,7below Va ground line A. To this end one or more, preferably two,

stops 134 are mounted on shaft 73 in brackets 1165. lref-V erably, the stops 104 are adjustable as Vby having `a series of holes 19S any one of which is engageable by a pin 169 holding the stop in the bracket.

friction .reducing roller is carried by each stop i534 Preferably, also, a

at its lower, ground-engaging end.

Theoperation of my device is as follows, The operator in cab 21 places the vehicle in thc proper position and' extends boom portion 6i, at the same time lowering the boom untilV bucket 76 engages the ground. The digging 76 may be dumped. Sometimes this may be done by oscillating or tilting the boom, using cylinders 46 and The other end of link 37 is pivoted at S9:

These ribs 47, thus making it unnecessary to swing the boom. As the material in the bucket is being dumped, jack 91 is actuated to bring striker paf. 9S into engagement with stop 99, 100 as shown in Fig. 8. Further oscillation of bucket 76 counterclockwise around shaft 80 will cause movement of ejector blade 95 clockwise about its pivot 101, from the loading position of Figs. 3 and 8 to the dumping position of Fig. 9. At this time lip 78h, if hinged at 103, will swing from the full line position of Fig. 9 to the dot-dash position to aid in discharging the contents of the bucket.

Referring to Fig. 7, because of the offset of boom portion 68, the vehicle may remain on a paved roadway 111 and dig a ditch 112 to one side thereof. Using the stops 104, the bottom of the ditch may be made to follow the grade of roadway 111 which is often desired for sewers and utility lines.

Referring to Fig. 2, it will be noted that bucket 76 is located to line up with the laterally outermost part of the vehicle, as shown by line C, and by boom manipulation the bucket may be used to dig laterally outside of line C.

Referring to Fig. 7, the only thing laterally outside of the outer side wall 77 of bucket 76 is one of the brackets 81. If desired, this bracket could be eliminated and the inner bracket 81 made strong enough to cantilever shaft 80 outwardly therefrom.

What I claim is:

l. In combination, a boom, means mounting a scoop bucket on said boom for movement relative to said boom, an ejector blade movably mounted in said bucket for movement between a normal bucket-loading position and a bucket-dumping position, blade-movementcausing means operatively associated with said blade for moving the latter to dumping position, power means for moving said scoop bucket relative to said boom, and means operatively connected with said blade-movement-causing means and responsive to said movement of said scoop bucket relative to said boom for causing movement of said blade to its dumping position.

2. In combination, a boom, a digging Scoop bucket mounted on said boom, said bucket having generally parallel spaced side walls extending in a direction generally parallel to the axis of said boom, said bucket having bottom and back walls extending between said side walls, said bucket being open rearwardly toward said boom, said bucket side walls being pivotally mounted on said boom on a pivotal axis extending approximately at right angles to said side walls and spaced from said back wall, an ejector blade in said bucket extending between said side walls, said blade in bucket loading position lying near said back and bottom walls, said blade having a pivotal mounting on the upper portion of said side walls providing oscillating movement of said blade away from said back wall to a bucket dumping position, an arm rigid with said blade and extending above its pivotal mounting, means on said boom for oscillating said bucket about its pivotal axis, and a stop on said boom engageable by said arm as said bucket oscillates about its pivotal aXis causing movement of said blade toward dumping position. 3. ln combination, a vehicle, a boom mounted thereon, a digging scoop bucket mounted on said boom, said bucket having parallel generally C-shape spaced side walls extending in a fore-and-aft direction, said bucket having bottom and back walls connected by a curved wall, said bottom and back and curved walls extending between said side walls, said bucket having an open side rearwardly toward said vehicle supporting said boom, the upper rearward portion of said side walls being pivotally mounted on said boom on a pivotal axis extending approximately at right angles to said side walls and spaced from said back wall, an ejector blade in said bucket extending with a substantially continuous surface between said side walls, said blade in bucket loading position conforming generally to said bottom and curved walls and extending upwardly spaced from said back wall, said blade being C-shape and generally parallel to said C conformation of said side walls and said blade having a pivotal mounting on the upper portion of said side walls and spaced from said back wall providing oscillating movement of said blade away from said back and bottom walls to a bucket dumping position, means on said boom for oscillating said bucket about said pivotal axis to a dumping position with said open side downwardly, an arm rigid with said blade and extending above its pivotal mounting, and a stop on said supporting boom engageable by said arm as said bucket oscillates about its pivotal axis causing movement of said blade toward dumping position.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,032,358 Frayer July 9, 1912 1,476,375 Shook Dec. 4, 1923 2,378,280 Bomford June 12, 1945 2,397,046 Richey Mar. 19, 1946 2,471,639 McElhinney May 31, 1949 2,503,522 Struthers et al. Apr. 11, 1950 2,541,045 Ferwerda et al. Feb. 13, 1951 2,634,003 Williamson et al. Apr. 7, 1953 2,698,106 McElhinney Dec. 28, 1954

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