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US2766198A - Anodes for electrowinning of manganese - Google Patents

Anodes for electrowinning of manganese Download PDF

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Publication number
US2766198A
US2766198A US340556A US34055653A US2766198A US 2766198 A US2766198 A US 2766198A US 340556 A US340556 A US 340556A US 34055653 A US34055653 A US 34055653A US 2766198 A US2766198 A US 2766198A
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manganese
anode
anodes
electrowinning
present
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US340556A
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Michael C Carosalla
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Union Carbide Corp
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Union Carbide and Carbon Corp
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Priority to US340556A priority Critical patent/US2766198A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells
    • C25C7/02—Electrodes; Connections thereof

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the electrowinning of manganese from aqueous manganese-bearing solutions and, more particularly, to the construction of anodes for use in such electrowinning process.
  • the main object of the present invention to provide anodes suitable for the electrowinning of manganese which corrode uniformly, but which, at the same tin e, have a relatively high corrosion resistance.
  • Figure l is a perspective view of an anode in accordance with the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a. horizontal cross-sectional view of the two anodes in accordance with the present invention positioned on opposite sides of a cathode and separated therefrom by diaphragms, as would be the arrangement in a cell for the electrowinning of manganese from aqueous solutions.
  • anodes are provided (of approximately 99% lead-1% silver alloy) in the form of a plurality of cylindrical rods 1 positioned substantially equidistant from each other and having their longitudinal axes parallel and in the same plane.
  • an electrically conductive crosspiece 2 Joining the tops of the plurality of rod-shaped elements 1 is an electrically conductive crosspiece 2 which serves to connect all rods electrically and to hold them firmly in place, as is shown in Fig. l of the drawing.
  • Anodes in accordance with the present invention have shown a much longer useful life by reason of their lower corrosion rate and uniformity of corrosion.
  • a process for the electrowinning of manganese from an aqueous solution containing a manganese salt comprising providing in a cell a plurality of alternate anolyte solutions and catholyte solutions separated by solution-permeable diaphragms; employing cathode sheets in each of the catholyte compartments; employing in each anolyte compartment an anode comprising a plurality of substantially cylindrical rods having their longitudinal axes parallel and coplanar, said anode rods being composed of approximately 99% lead-1% silver alloy; and applying a voltage between each of said cathodes and said anodes to deposit metallic manganese at said cathodes at high current densities and reduced anode corrosion.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)

Description

1956 M. c. CAROSELLA 2,766,198
ANODEIS FOR ELECTROWINNING OF MANGANESE Filed March 5, 1953 Anode Rod Diaphragm INVENTOR MICHAEL C. CAROSELLA ANODE 1 6R ELECTROW MANGANESE Application March 5, 1953, Serial No. 340,556
1 Claim. (or. 204-105) 1 G OF The present invention relates to the electrowinning of manganese from aqueous manganese-bearing solutions and, more particularly, to the construction of anodes for use in such electrowinning process.
Heretofore, it has been discovered that it is beneficial, in the electrowinning of manganese from aqueous solutions, to employ anodes formed of 99% lead-1% silver alloy. Griginally, when this alloy was employed in sheet form as an anode, it was found that corrosion by the anolyte posed a serious problem. In an effort to solve this corrosion problem, portions of these anode sheets were removed by punching many circular or rectangular holes in the sheets. This resulted in an anode sheet having a lattice-like structure and, although these structures reduced the corrosion rate, they were found to encourage a non-uniform corrosion due to the concentration of current i'low around the removed portions of the anode sheet.
it is, therefore, the main object of the present invention to provide anodes suitable for the electrowinning of manganese which corrode uniformly, but which, at the same tin e, have a relatively high corrosion resistance.
Other aims and objects of the present invention will be apparent f om the following description and the appended claim.
In the drawing:
Figure l is a perspective view of an anode in accordance with the present invention;
Figure 2 is a. horizontal cross-sectional view of the two anodes in accordance with the present invention positioned on opposite sides of a cathode and separated therefrom by diaphragms, as would be the arrangement in a cell for the electrowinning of manganese from aqueous solutions.
in accordance with the present invention, anodes are provided (of approximately 99% lead-1% silver alloy) in the form of a plurality of cylindrical rods 1 positioned substantially equidistant from each other and having their longitudinal axes parallel and in the same plane. Joining the tops of the plurality of rod-shaped elements 1 is an electrically conductive crosspiece 2 which serves to connect all rods electrically and to hold them firmly in place, as is shown in Fig. l of the drawing.
It has been discovered that when employing anodes in accordance with the present invention the anode cur- ?i tes Pate 2,766,198 Patented Oct. 9, 1956 Table End Anode Anode Configuration Current, Oz. Wt. loss/ Density anode/Week amps/ft.
sheet 25 129. 0 lattice-like sheet 3. 7 plurality of rods 0. 86
From this table it can readily be seen that by employing the anode of the present invention a higher anode current density and correspondingly lower corrosion rate is obtainable.
Anodes in accordance with the present invention have shown a much longer useful life by reason of their lower corrosion rate and uniformity of corrosion.
What is claimed is:
In a process for the electrowinning of manganese from an aqueous solution containing a manganese salt, the steps comprising providing in a cell a plurality of alternate anolyte solutions and catholyte solutions separated by solution-permeable diaphragms; employing cathode sheets in each of the catholyte compartments; employing in each anolyte compartment an anode comprising a plurality of substantially cylindrical rods having their longitudinal axes parallel and coplanar, said anode rods being composed of approximately 99% lead-1% silver alloy; and applying a voltage between each of said cathodes and said anodes to deposit metallic manganese at said cathodes at high current densities and reduced anode corrosion.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 903,939 Winsom Nov. 17, 1908 1,092,369 Kolsky Apr. 7, 1914 FOREIGN PATENTS 284 Great Britain Ian. 5, 1914 OTHER REFERENCES Bureau of Mines Bul. #463 (1946), pp. 60, 61 to 68 and Fig. 31 (facing p. 63).
Fink et al.: Transactions of the American Electrochemical Society, vol. 46 (1924), pp. 349 to 357.
US340556A 1953-03-05 1953-03-05 Anodes for electrowinning of manganese Expired - Lifetime US2766198A (en)

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3301777A (en) * 1963-04-01 1967-01-31 American Potash & Chem Corp Anode for the electrowinning of manganese
US3455811A (en) * 1966-05-11 1969-07-15 Knapsack Ag Electrode system for use in the electrolytic production of manganese dioxide
DE2404167A1 (en) * 1973-01-29 1974-08-01 Electronor Corp METALLANODES WITH A REDUCED ANODIC SURFACE AND HIGH CURRENT DENSITY AND THEIR USE IN PROCESSES FOR ELECTRICAL EXTRACTION OF METALS WITH LOW CATHODE CURRENT DENSITY
US4134806A (en) * 1973-01-29 1979-01-16 Diamond Shamrock Technologies, S.A. Metal anodes with reduced anodic surface and high current density and their use in electrowinning processes with low cathodic current density
US4380493A (en) * 1980-11-21 1983-04-19 Imi Kynoch Limited Anode
US8956524B2 (en) * 2010-12-23 2015-02-17 Ge-Hitachi Nuclear Energy Americas Llc Modular anode assemblies and methods of using the same for electrochemical reduction
US8968547B2 (en) 2012-04-23 2015-03-03 Ge-Hitachi Nuclear Energy Americas Llc Method for corium and used nuclear fuel stabilization processing
US9017527B2 (en) 2010-12-23 2015-04-28 Ge-Hitachi Nuclear Energy Americas Llc Electrolytic oxide reduction system
US9150975B2 (en) 2011-12-22 2015-10-06 Ge-Hitachi Nuclear Energy Americas Llc Electrorefiner system for recovering purified metal from impure nuclear feed material
US9920443B2 (en) 2010-12-23 2018-03-20 Ge-Hitachi Nuclear Energy Americas Llc Modular cathode assemblies and methods of using the same for electrochemical reduction

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US903939A (en) * 1907-05-07 1908-11-17 Robert J Wisnom Anode.
US1092369A (en) * 1913-04-04 1914-04-07 George Kolsky Process of making chlorates and apparatus therefor.
GB191400284A (en) * 1914-01-05 1915-07-15 Siemens Ag Anode of Hard-lead for Electrolytical Purposes.

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US903939A (en) * 1907-05-07 1908-11-17 Robert J Wisnom Anode.
US1092369A (en) * 1913-04-04 1914-04-07 George Kolsky Process of making chlorates and apparatus therefor.
GB191400284A (en) * 1914-01-05 1915-07-15 Siemens Ag Anode of Hard-lead for Electrolytical Purposes.

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3301777A (en) * 1963-04-01 1967-01-31 American Potash & Chem Corp Anode for the electrowinning of manganese
US3455811A (en) * 1966-05-11 1969-07-15 Knapsack Ag Electrode system for use in the electrolytic production of manganese dioxide
DE2404167A1 (en) * 1973-01-29 1974-08-01 Electronor Corp METALLANODES WITH A REDUCED ANODIC SURFACE AND HIGH CURRENT DENSITY AND THEIR USE IN PROCESSES FOR ELECTRICAL EXTRACTION OF METALS WITH LOW CATHODE CURRENT DENSITY
US4134806A (en) * 1973-01-29 1979-01-16 Diamond Shamrock Technologies, S.A. Metal anodes with reduced anodic surface and high current density and their use in electrowinning processes with low cathodic current density
US4380493A (en) * 1980-11-21 1983-04-19 Imi Kynoch Limited Anode
US8956524B2 (en) * 2010-12-23 2015-02-17 Ge-Hitachi Nuclear Energy Americas Llc Modular anode assemblies and methods of using the same for electrochemical reduction
US9017527B2 (en) 2010-12-23 2015-04-28 Ge-Hitachi Nuclear Energy Americas Llc Electrolytic oxide reduction system
US9920443B2 (en) 2010-12-23 2018-03-20 Ge-Hitachi Nuclear Energy Americas Llc Modular cathode assemblies and methods of using the same for electrochemical reduction
US9150975B2 (en) 2011-12-22 2015-10-06 Ge-Hitachi Nuclear Energy Americas Llc Electrorefiner system for recovering purified metal from impure nuclear feed material
US8968547B2 (en) 2012-04-23 2015-03-03 Ge-Hitachi Nuclear Energy Americas Llc Method for corium and used nuclear fuel stabilization processing

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