US2762201A - Apparatus for generating and superheating vapor - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 11, 1956 w, SAMPSON- 2,762,201

APPARATUS FOR GENERATING AND SUPERHEATING VAPOR Filed March 27, 1951 2 Sheets-Sheet l DAMPER C'UATFOZLER OOOOOO CONDENSER 3nventor W/Ll/AM SAMPJO/V attorney Sept. 11,1956 w. SAMPSON 2,762,201

APPARATUS F OR GENERATING AND SUPERHEATING VAPOR Filed March 27, 1951 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 DAMPER CONTROLLER CONDEN v ISnDenior M/ML/AM JA MI United States Patent APPARATUS FOR SUPERHEAIING VAPOR William :Sampsou, Hinchley and, England, :assignor cto t ioster-Wheeler1Corporatipn,;New york, N. a 'cormqra nni f :N w ork Application March 27, 1951, Serial No. 217,736 ai a al iori y,:appl cati nGreahliritaimMamhflL .1950

in ent o re at s to r wer :plants comp is n a .vapor generator ,feeding superheated steam to a turbine.

The thermal .efliciency .of such plants can be increased by ,preheating the combustion air .-for which purpose, ,low P s ur steam i om ime b e from the turbin an made to give up some;of-its:heahtoihe-air.

In accordance with :the invention, the ai-r ,is preheated not only by such bledsteam but also by superheated steam .and,thus serves also to control thefinal steam temperature.

The superheated steam can be drawn from an :intermediate point in the superheateror from the .outlet {from t sup e t e air c n .b p s d inh tiexchangc with the bied steam and the superheated steam either in ,seriesorimparallel.

Th in e i n ill be under od from he foll wing description when considered in connection with the acompanyingvdrawingforming a partther of, and in which:

;-Fig. 1 is .a diagrammatic transverse section-of the apparatus of .one embodiment of the invention; and i ,Fig. 2 is aviewsimilartoFig. libut-of-another embodiment of theinvention.

Like characters-of reference refer .to like parts in both views of thedrawing.

Referring to the drawing, Fig. l, the apparatus of the present invention ;is disclosed as embodying a vapor generator comprising a setting 10 having vapor generating surface therein with an upper steam and water drum 11 associated therewith together with a lower water drum 12 inthe lower par-tot the setting in substantial vertical alignment with said upper-drum. Drums 1'1 and 12 areconnected by a substantially vertical bankof steam generating tube At one side of the bank of tubes '13 is a furnace or combustion chamber 14 fired, as shown, by a plurality of burners 15. The roof, side wall and floor of chamber 14 are lined by water tubes 16, 17, and 18.

At the side of the tube bank opposite to that on which the chamber 14 is located is a substantially vertically extending gas passage 19 having an outer side wall 20 and an inner side wall 21. Passage 19 has a lower gas inlet 21' at the bottom thereof which receives gases through a furnace gas outlet 22.

A superheater having an upper or one section 23 with a saturated steam inlet 24 and a steazn outlet 25 is disposed in the upper part of passage 19. Upper section 23 receives steam from drum 11 through saturated steam conduit 26 which communicates at the inlet end thereof with drum 11 and at the outlet end with saturated steam inlet 24 of the upper superheater section. The superheater also has a lower or other section 27 having a desuperheated steam inlet 28 and a steam outlet 29. Lower section 27 is disposed below and in spaced relationship with upper section 23. As shown, gas passage 19 has economizer section 30 positioned above superheater section 23.

An air duct 31 is disposed at the furnace chamber side of setting 10 and has an enlarged portion 32 in the upper part thereof and communicates with burners 15 through an enlarged portion 33 at the bottom thereof, The en- 2,762,201 Patented Sept. 11, 1956 trolled rbyaby-pass damper 37, while main passage 55 is controlled by .a plurality of dampers 39. As shown, bypass damper 37 .anddampers 39 are actuated .by an :actuator .40 through a ;lever 41, the dampers being so connected to lever 41 .thatsasbyepass damper 37 is actuated into a closed position, dampers 39 are actuated into an opened position and as damper 37 is actuated into an .opened position, dampers 39 are actuated into a closed position. A tubular coil 42 forming a flow path forsteam is positioned in main passage .35 below dampers 39,, said coil having an inlet 44 and .an outlet 43. The .inlet 44-is in communication with steam outlet ZS-of the upper superheater section 23 .through steam conduit 45, while outlet 43 is in communication with desuperheated :steam inlet 28 through a conduit 46.

A tubular vfluid flow path 47 is ,positionedrinair duct 31 above dampers .37 and 3,9 and toward the air inlet 31" of said duct. Tubular flow ,path 47 has an inlet 48 and an outlet 49. Inlet 48 is in communication with the low pressure stage of a turbineSti to receive'bled steam therefrom through line 51 while out-let 49 communicates with ;a :conduit 52 which (conduit receives condensate from tubular flow path.47 which condensate :is delivered by apump 52 through a conduit 53 to upper drum 11 so that the convdensate is used for boiler feed. The condensate pressure is raised by pump 52' so that the condensate pressure in conduit .53 is higher than the pressure within drum 11 thereby eliectuating :the introduction of condensate into the drum. Turbine 50 receives superheated steam from superheater section 27 through steam pipe '54 which communicates with the turbine at the outlet end thereof and with steam outlet .29 of superheater section 27.

Actuator Wis-operated by a damper controller .55 which is responsive through thermostatic connection 5610 :the outlettemperature of steam flowing from lower section 27 of the superheater through steam outlet 29.

In operation, when the apparatus of the present invention ,is working under normal temperature and a predetermined degree of superheat is required, the damper .controller 55 set to the final steam temperature desired. By-pass damper 37 and .dampers 39 are partially .open so that a portion of the air for supporting combustion in the furnace :passes over tubular coil -42 thereby heating the air and .desuperheating steam :which flows into the soil from .upper superheater section 23 through steam conduit 45. After the steam is desuperheated in coil 42, it flows through conduit 46 into inlet 28 of lower superheater section 27. Prior to the passage over coil 42 and through by-pass 34, the air flowing through conduit 31 from inlet 31' passes in heat exchange relationship with tubular flow path 47 which condenses bled steam passing into said tubular flow path through line 51. The condensate so formed flows through conduit 52 and other conduit 53 into upper drum 11 wherein it is used as feed water.

The embodiment of the invention disclosed in Fig. 2 is similar to that shown in Fig. 1 except that tubular flow path 47 and coil 42 are arranged side by side or in parallel in respect to the flow of air instead of in series in respect to the flow of air as shown in Fig. 1. Referring to Fig. 2, conduit 31 has an enlarged portion 57 disposed below air inlet 31'. The enlarged portion is divided into two laterally adjacent passages 58 and 59 by a vertically extending bafile 60. Coil 42 is disposed in passage 59, while tubular flow path 47 is disposed in passage 58. The flow of air through passage 58 is controlled by dampers 61, while the ilow of air through passage 59 is controlled by dampers 62.

The operation of the embodiment of the invention illustrated in Fig. 2 is similar to the operation of the embodiment disclosed in Fig. 1, except that in the Fig. 2 embodicharacteristics of the invention, it will be understood that the invention is not to be limited excepting by the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1: A vapor generating power plant wherein vapor is fed to a turbine, comprising a setting having a combustion chamber therein, firing means in said combustion chamber to provide combustion gases therein, a combustion gas outlet being provided in the setting, a vapor generating surface disposed between said setting gas outlet and said combustion chamber in heat exchange relationship with combustion gases flowing from said combustion chamber to said combustion gas outlet, an air duct communicating with a source of air to be heated and the combustion chamber for conducting air from the source thereof into the combustion chamber to support combustion therein, baflie means disposed in said air duct and dividing the ductlongitudinally thereof into laterally adjacent air passageways, damper means for each of said air passageways for controlling the flow of air therethrough, actuating means connected to said damper means for simultaneously moving the damper means of one of the air passageways in a direction opposite to the direction of movement of the damper means of the other air passageway, tubular means forming a first tubular flow path, other tubular means forming a second tubular flow path, said first and said second tubular flow paths being disposed in said air duct in heat exchange relationship with air flowing through said air duct and at least one of said tubular flow paths being disposed in one of said air passageways, a superheater disposed in heat exchange relationship with combustion gases flowing from the combustion chamber to said combustion gas outlet, the superheater having a first section and a second section, said vfirst section being in communication with the vapor generating surface to receive saturated vapor therefrom and with said first tubular path of flow to discharge sup erh-eater vapor thereinto, said second section being in communication with said first tubular path of flow to receive desuperheated vapor therefrom, a turbine, said second section being in communication with the turbine to discharge superheated vapor into said turbine, a bled vapor conduit in communication with said turbine to receive vapor from the turbine and with the second tubular flow path to discharge bled vapor into the latter, a conduit in communication with said second tubular flow path to receive condensate therefrom, and control means acting on said damper actuating means and responsive to the temperature of the superheated vapor flowing from said second superheating section. 1

2. The power plant of claim 1 wherein the conduit in communication with said second tubular flow path to receive condensate therefrom is in communication with the vapor generating surface to conduct condensate thereto as feed water. a

3. The power plant of claim 1 wherein a combustion gas passage forming means having a gas inlet and a gas outlet is disposed in said setting with the gas inlet thereof in communication with the combustion chamber to receive combustion gases and the gas outlet in. communication with the setting gas outlet, said superheater being disposed in said combustion gas passage in heat exchange relation with combustion gases flowing therethrough, said first superheater section being disposed beyond the second superheater section in relation to the direction of flow of combustion gases through said combustion gas passage.

4. The power plant of claim' 1 wherein'the air duct has a portion undivided by said baflie means which undivided portion is ahead of said air passageways in the direction of flow through said duct and wherein said first tubular path of flow is disposed in one. of the air passageways in the duct and the second tubular path of flow is positioned in said undivided portion of the air duct.

5. The power plan of claim 1 wherein said first tubular flow path and said second tubular flow path are eachdisposed in separate air passageways in the air duct.

6. The power plant of claim 1 wherein said first tubular flow path and said second tubular flow path are each disposed in separate air passageways in theair duct and wherein the conduit in communication with the second tubular flow path to receive condensate therefrom, is in communication with the vapor generating surface to conduct condensate thereto for use as feed water.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 249,502 Carvalho Nov. 15, 1881 1,117,909 Rigby Nov. 17, 1914 1,439,862 Broido Dec. 26, 1922 FOREIGN PATENTS 575,509 Great Britain Feb. 21, 1946

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