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US2730638A - Photoconductive electrode - Google Patents

Photoconductive electrode Download PDF

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Publication number
US2730638A
US2730638A US292034A US29203452A US2730638A US 2730638 A US2730638 A US 2730638A US 292034 A US292034 A US 292034A US 29203452 A US29203452 A US 29203452A US 2730638 A US2730638 A US 2730638A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
photoconductive
electrode
germanium
layer
light
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US292034A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Robert J Cashman
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TDK Micronas GmbH
International Telephone and Telegraph Corp
Original Assignee
Deutsche ITT Industries GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE520422D priority Critical patent/BE520422A/xx
Priority to NL106440D priority patent/NL106440C/xx
Priority to NLAANVRAGE7805222,A priority patent/NL178737B/xx
Priority to US292034A priority patent/US2730638A/en
Application filed by Deutsche ITT Industries GmbH filed Critical Deutsche ITT Industries GmbH
Priority to GB15049/53A priority patent/GB749601A/en
Priority to CH309325D priority patent/CH309325A/fr
Priority to FR1084273D priority patent/FR1084273A/fr
Priority to DEI7322A priority patent/DE966028C/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2730638A publication Critical patent/US2730638A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
    • H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
    • H02H7/1209—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for converters using only discharge tubes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
    • C01G17/00—Compounds of germanium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
    • H01B1/10—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances sulfides
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J9/20—Manufacture of screens on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted or stored; Applying coatings to the vessel
    • H01J9/233—Manufacture of photoelectric screens or charge-storage screens
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
    • Y10T428/263—Coating layer not in excess of 5 mils thick or equivalent
    • Y10T428/264—Up to 3 mils
    • Y10T428/265—1 mil or less

Definitions

  • This invention relates to photoconductive electrodes, particularly those adapted for use in television camera tubes.
  • An object of the present invention is the provision of a photoconductive electrode, particularly one adapted for use in camera tubes, which uniquely combines different characteristics highly desirable in such tubes.
  • a photoconductive electrode consisting essentially of germanium monosulfide.
  • a photoconductive electrode consisting of a layer of conductive material of an extended area having a coating or layer of photoconductive material at least on one side thereof consisting essentially of germanium monosulfide.
  • a photoconductive electrode consisting of a conductive layer, a photoconductive layer 2,730,638 Fatented Jan. 10, 1956 essentially of germanium monosulfide on one side of said conductive layer and in electrical contact therewith over an extensive area, which photoconductive electrode is adapted to have a light image projected thereon to vary the conductivity of the germanium monosulfide material at different points thereon in correspondence with the variations of light intensity at dilferent corresponding points of the light image, and which photoconductive electrode is further adapted to have the different points scanned to measure the variations in conductivity of these different points.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a portion of a camera tube, and apparatus associated therewith used in explaining one method of forming the photoconductive coating on the photoconductive electrode, and
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a phtoconductive camera tube employing a photoconductive electrode in accordance with the present invention.
  • the photoconductive electrode made according to the present invention uses as its photoconductive material essentially germanium monosulfide.
  • Germanium monosulfide a known compound, may be formed from the elements germanium and sulphur by heating together sulphur and germanium in a vacuum to a temperature of 1000 C., substantially above the melting point of germanium.
  • the relative weight of the sulphur and germanium used is proportional to their relative atomic weights, although a slight excess of sulphur, such as 1% has been employed without deleterious effects.
  • the resultant compound is a fused crystalline mass which may be crushed to a. fine powder. This powder can be safely exposed to air without affecting the photoconductive properties of the electrode subsequently pro prised.
  • the germanium monosulfide may be produced by other processes. It is believed that certain impurities may be present in the powder, such as a slight excess of sulphur or germanium and traces of oxidecontaining compounds of germanium as well as possibly some slight traces of germanium disulfide. The presence of minute quantities of these impurities does not seem to affect the beneficial results obtained with the resultant photoconductive electrode and may even contribute to it. Essentially, however, the material employed consists of germanium monosulfide, and the impurities are preferably less than a small fraction of 1%.
  • the germanium monosulfide hereinafter referred to as the photoconductive material, is arranged in the form of a coating or layer of extensive area on a base member which is electrically conductive and has good light trans mission characteristics so that light may be passed through the base portion and fall upon the photoconductive material.
  • Fig. 1 designates a camera tube having an envelope 2, at one end of which there is mounted a transparent electrically conductive member 3 which may consist of a glass plate coated with a layer of transparent conductive material, member 3 serving as the base on which the photo-conductive material is coated, thus forming with the base 3 the photoconductive electrode 4.
  • the base 3 may be sealed to the end of the envelope 2 by means of a pair of Kovar rings 5, one of said rings being sealed to an end of the envelope 2 and the other of the rings being sealed to the perimeter of the base 3, the two rings in turn being seam-welded together.
  • the photoconductive powder prepared as hereinabove described and designated by the numeral 6 is placed in a little bulb 7 which is sealed to an opening 8 giving access to the interior of the envelope 2, in which the base 3 has 'oee mounted as above described.
  • the envelope 2 has been evacuated through another opening in the envelope thereof (not shown).
  • the bulb 7 is then heated by a heating coil 9- to vaporize the photoconductive powder ".h then passes through opening 8 into the envelope e wh i).
  • Another heating coil 10 to base 3 is cooled by an air blast directed against A coating or layer reby formed on the base 3 preferably of a thick- 1 to 1 micron.
  • a photoconductivc electrode for a tu in which a light image is converted into a corresponding electric signal comprising a conductive layer and a coating thereon in electrical contact therewith c risisting essentially of germanium. monosulfioc.
  • An electrode according to claim l in wiich said conductive layer is light transparent.
  • a radiation-sensitive device comprising an evacuated envelope, a cathode assembly supported in one portion of said envelope and an electron-producing device supported in another portion thereof; said cathode assembly comprising a conductive support having an image current-receiving surface and a film of germanium monosulphide on said surface, said germanium monosulphide being sensitive to radiation in the respect that its con ductivity varies in accordance with the intensity of radiation projected thereon; and said electron-producing de vice providing a stream of electrons which impinge said film and which produce a current through said film corresponding to the latters instantaneous conductivity at the point of electron impingement.
  • a radiation-sensitive device comprising an evacuated envelope, a cathode assembly supported in one portion of said envelope and an electron-producing device supported in another portion thereof; said cathode assembly comprising a conductive support having an image currentreceiving surface and a film of germanium monosulphide on said surface, said germanium monosulphide being sensi tive to radiation in the respect that its conductivity varies in accordance with the intensity of radiation projected thereon; said electron-producing device comprising an electron gun which emits a beam of electrons, and scanning devices for scanning said beam over said film, said beam cooperating with said film to produce a current therethrough corresponding to the conductivity of the film area impinged by said beam.
  • An electrode assembly comprising a conductive layer and a layer of photoconductive material in electrical contact with said member, said photoconductive layer being composed essentially of germanium monosulphide.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Image-Pickup Tubes, Image-Amplification Tubes, And Storage Tubes (AREA)
  • Photoreceptors In Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Light Receiving Elements (AREA)
US292034A 1952-06-06 1952-06-06 Photoconductive electrode Expired - Lifetime US2730638A (en)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE520422D BE520422A (pt) 1952-06-06
NL106440D NL106440C (pt) 1952-06-06
NLAANVRAGE7805222,A NL178737B (nl) 1952-06-06 Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van een cilindrische elektrische spoel.
US292034A US2730638A (en) 1952-06-06 1952-06-06 Photoconductive electrode
GB15049/53A GB749601A (en) 1952-06-06 1953-05-29 Photoconductive electrode
CH309325D CH309325A (fr) 1952-06-06 1953-06-04 Electrode photoconductrice.
FR1084273D FR1084273A (fr) 1952-06-06 1953-06-04 électrodes photoconductrices
DEI7322A DE966028C (de) 1952-06-06 1953-06-07 Fotoleitende Elektrode

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US292034A US2730638A (en) 1952-06-06 1952-06-06 Photoconductive electrode

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2730638A true US2730638A (en) 1956-01-10

Family

ID=23122897

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US292034A Expired - Lifetime US2730638A (en) 1952-06-06 1952-06-06 Photoconductive electrode

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US2730638A (pt)
BE (1) BE520422A (pt)
CH (1) CH309325A (pt)
DE (1) DE966028C (pt)
FR (1) FR1084273A (pt)
GB (1) GB749601A (pt)
NL (2) NL106440C (pt)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2884345A (en) * 1953-02-17 1959-04-28 Hupp Corp Infra-red devices and methods
US2889188A (en) * 1955-10-06 1959-06-02 Gen Electric Method of making photoconductive image transducer tubes
US2890359A (en) * 1953-06-13 1959-06-09 Philips Corp Camera tube
US3321656A (en) * 1954-03-11 1967-05-23 Edward E Sheldon Television camera tube with lead oxide screen
US3408522A (en) * 1963-03-04 1968-10-29 Sylvania Electric Prod Cup-shaped photoconductor tube
US3887827A (en) * 1970-09-19 1975-06-03 Matsushita Electronics Corp Target assembly of image pick-up tube
US4097775A (en) * 1955-08-04 1978-06-27 Rca Corporation Infrared sensitive photoconductive pickup tube

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL209139A (pt) * 1955-07-23
JPS4924382A (pt) * 1972-06-26 1974-03-04

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2540490A (en) * 1948-03-29 1951-02-06 Philips Lab Inc Electron device with semiconductive target
US2560606A (en) * 1949-04-06 1951-07-17 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Photoresistive translating device
US2598401A (en) * 1948-02-18 1952-05-27 Emi Ltd Electron discharge device suitable for use as television transmitting tubes

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2598401A (en) * 1948-02-18 1952-05-27 Emi Ltd Electron discharge device suitable for use as television transmitting tubes
US2540490A (en) * 1948-03-29 1951-02-06 Philips Lab Inc Electron device with semiconductive target
US2560606A (en) * 1949-04-06 1951-07-17 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Photoresistive translating device

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2884345A (en) * 1953-02-17 1959-04-28 Hupp Corp Infra-red devices and methods
US2890359A (en) * 1953-06-13 1959-06-09 Philips Corp Camera tube
US3321656A (en) * 1954-03-11 1967-05-23 Edward E Sheldon Television camera tube with lead oxide screen
US4097775A (en) * 1955-08-04 1978-06-27 Rca Corporation Infrared sensitive photoconductive pickup tube
US2889188A (en) * 1955-10-06 1959-06-02 Gen Electric Method of making photoconductive image transducer tubes
US2972585A (en) * 1955-10-06 1961-02-21 Gen Electric Photosensitive semi-conducting material and method of making the same
US3408522A (en) * 1963-03-04 1968-10-29 Sylvania Electric Prod Cup-shaped photoconductor tube
US3887827A (en) * 1970-09-19 1975-06-03 Matsushita Electronics Corp Target assembly of image pick-up tube

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL178737B (nl)
CH309325A (fr) 1955-08-31
NL106440C (pt)
BE520422A (pt)
DE966028C (de) 1957-07-04
FR1084273A (fr) 1955-01-18
GB749601A (en) 1956-05-30

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