US2675866A - Fuel burner - Google Patents

Description

April 20, 1954 F L 2,675,866

FUEL BURNER Filed 001',- 5, 1950 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR Joseph L' Farre LL E I TTORNEY April 1954 J. E. FARRELL 2,675,866

FUEL BURNER Filed 0012.5, 1950 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR Joseph E. Farrell.

Patented Apr. 20, 1954 UNITED STATES PATENT. OFFICE FUEL BURNER Joseph E- Farrell, Island Heights, N. J., assignor to Farspan Industries, Inc., Island Heights, N. J., a corporation of New Jersey Application October 5, 1950, Serial No. 188,587

1 4 Claims.

This invention relates to oil burners and more particularly to such burners for use in furnaces and similar appliances that burn heavy oil or other liquid fuels.

Among the objects of this invention is the provision of an oil burner of the type mentioned which results in, a gasification of the fuel prior to burning in a simple and expedient manner.

It isalso an object of this invention to provide a burner of the type mentioned which is easily installed and serviced in a furnace.

Another object is the provision of such a device which has a small number of parts, is longer wearin and which has a high thermal efiiciency.

Further objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description considered together with the accompanying drawing, in which drawing: 7

Fig. 1 is an isometric view ofa furnace, with parts broken away, showing an embodiment of the invention disposed therein.

Fig. ,2 is a top plan view of the embodiment apart from the furnace;

Fig. 3 is a vertical section along the line 3--3 of Fig. 2.

Referring with more particularity to the drawing in which like numerals designate like parts, the embodiment illustrated comprises a chamber l I having an annular outer wall l2 and a concentric inner wall [3 radially spaced from the outer wall and projectin upwardly from the bottom I 4. The innerwall I3 is substantially shorter than the outer wall l2 and iscontinuous with a central horizontal Web l5. In the space surrounded by the inner wall I3 there is mounted an electric motor 16 having its power take-off shaft l1 projecting through the web IS. The motor I6 is held'in position by means of'bolts l1 passing through flanges N3 of the motor housing and threadedly engaging the web l5.

The shaft I! projects'above the web l and is attached to a horizontal fan I 9.

Above the fan I 9 there is disposed a dome shaped member 20 having a top 2| and an annular vertical wall 22 projecting downwardly therefrom in the space between the inner and outer walls l2 and I3, the lower edge 23 of the dome being vertically spaced from the bottom of the chamber I l. The central portion of the top 2| is provided with a vertical air inlet 24 and the dome is supported in position by means of horizontal pipes 25 connected to apertures 26 in the wall of the air inlet and apertures 21 in the wall [2. Consequently, air drawn through the inlet will induce the flow of air inwardly through said pipes 2 25. A air is forced downwardly by the fan l9. it passes through the space 28 between the inner wall I3 and the dome wall 22, thence radially from the bottom of the space 28 to the bottom of the fire chamber 29 between the walls 22 and I2 from whence it passes upwardly.

At the bottom of the fire chamber there isdisposed an annular strip or baflle 30 supported on uprights or stanchions 3 I. On top of the baflle 30 there is mounted, by means of brackets 32, an annular channel 33, the bottom of which rests on the bafile 30. This channel is covered by a larger inverted channel 34 which may be supported on the same brackets 32. The channels and baffle are so proportioned that the outer edges of the battle extend somewhat beyond the outer walls of the inverted channel 34 and a space is provided between the tops of the channels and also between their respective side walls.

A fuel inlet pipe 35 passes upwardly through the bottom of the chamber H through the battle 3!! and through the bottom of the channel 33 whereby fuel is drawn directly from a source of supply (not shown) ;to the bottom of the channel 33. The bottom of the channel 33 is also provided with an annular heating element 36 such as an electric heating element of the type commonly known as a calrod which may be con nected to a suitable source of electric current 31 through leads 39 and an automatic cut-01f switch 38.

The burner as a unit may be mounted in the furnace by any suitable means such as by an inwardly extending annular rib 40 projecting from the inner wall 4| of the furnace and upon which annular flange 42 of the burner rests and is secured thereto by bolts 43.

products of combustion will not be drawn into the pipes 25. In operation, the oil enters the burner through the intake pipe 35 and is delivered to the bottom of the channel 33. When it is desired to operate the burner, electricity is supplied to the heating element 36' which would ordinarily be ef-' fected by automatic switches and thermostats well known to the art. Heat supplied by the heating element 36 serves to vaporize oil at the bottom of channel 33. Whensuflicient heat has been developed, the motor I6 is started, which puts the fan [9 into operation and causes air drawn through the inlet 24 and pipe 25 to be forced. downwardly in the space 28 and then upwardly around theedges of the baflie 30. At this point the action of the air flowing passed the edges of the baffle. creates a partial vacuum between the The flange 42 is pref erably above the apertures 21 so that gaseous baffle and the lower end of the inverted channel 34, thereby aspirating or inducing the flow of vaporized fuel from the inner channel 33. From this point the fuel passes downwardly between the walls of the channels 33 and 34 and hence outwardly into the stream of moving air in the fire chamber and is entrained therein to form a combustible mixture. The combustible mixture may be ignited by any suitable means, such as an ignition plug 44 whereby a continuous heating of the fuel is effected as it emerges in the vaporized form from the lower end of the channel 34. Heat developed by this burning of the fuel passes upwardly into the furnace where it is utilized by the furnace in the usual manner. 'In addition, heat developed in the fire chamber heats the horizonal tubes 25, whereby air drawn inwardly therethrough becomes heated and results in the substantially complete gasification of the vaporized oil emerging from the bottom of the channel 34. Automatic devices, Well known in the art, operate the cut-off switch 38 to take the heating element 36 out of operation, when combustion is effected in the fire chamber, since the heat developed by the burning of the fuel therein is sufficient to preheat the fuel as it enters the inner chamber 33'.

I claim:

1. An oil burner comprising a chamber, said chamber being defined by a bottom wall, an outer wall and a concentric inner wall radially spaced from the outer Wall and projecting upwardly from the bottom wall of the chamber, fuel burning and vaporizing means mounted above the bottom wall of said chamber comprising an outer inverted channel and an inner upright channel within and spaced from said inverted channel, means for supplying liquid fuel to said inner channel, a fuel ignition and vaporizing means in said inner channel, an upwardly curved bafiie below said channels, the edges of said baflie extending toward and laterally beyond the ends of the Walls of said outer inverted channel, and means for forcing air upwardly past the edges of the baflle', whereby vapors generated within said fuel'burning and vaporizing means are'aspirated and circulated upwardly through said chamber.

2. An oil burner comprising a chamber, said chamber being defined by a bottom wall, an outer wall and a concentric inner wall radially spacedfrom the outer wall and projecting upwardly from the bottom wall of the chamber, fuel burning and vaporizing means mounted above the bottom wall of said chamber comprising an outer inverted channel and an inner upright channelwithin and spaced from said inverted channel, means for supplying liquid fuel to said inner channel, a fuel ignition and vaporizing means in said in ner channel, an upwardly curved bafile below said channels, the edges of said baffle extending toward and laterally beyond the ends of the walls of said outer inverted channel, horizontally disposed air inlet tubes across the top of said chamber communicating with the ambient atmosphere, and means for drawing air through said tubes by suction and forcing said air downwardly toward the bottom of said chamber for circulation around the fuel burning and vaporizing means and. upwardly around said air inlet tubes, to thereby entrain heated vapors to preheat said incoming air flowing in and toward air inlet tubes.

3. The oil burner as described in claim wherein the said means for drawing air through said tubes comprises a fan, a dome formed with a flanged central air inlet at the top thereof, said flange being formed with openings to receive the inner ends of said air inlet tubes, and said dome having a downward depending wall concentrically positioned around the inner wall of said chamber and spaced from the said inner chamber wall, the said fuel burning and vaporizing means, and said bottom wall of said chamber.

4. An oil burner comprising a chamber, said chamber being defined by a bottom wall, an outer wall and a concentric inner wall radially spaced from the outer wall and projecting upwardly from the bottom wall of the chamber, fuel burning and vaporizing means mounted above the bottom wall of said chamber comprising an outer inverted channel and an inner upright channel, means for supplying liquid fuel to said inner channel, a fuel ignition and vaporizing means in said inner channel, an upwardly curved bafile below said channels, the edges of said baflie extending toward and laterally beyond the ends of the walls of said outer inverted channel, a motor mounted on the bottom wall of the chamber centrally within the area defined by the upwardly projecting inner wall of the chamber, a drive shaft extending through the proiected center part of said bottom wall, a suction fan secured to the end of said shaft, and an air inlet dome concentrically shrouding the fan and said projecting inner wall of the chamber, to thereby form air circulating channels in the saidchamber.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS

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