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US2644365A - Feed mechanism for automatic firearms cartridge belt feed type - Google Patents

Feed mechanism for automatic firearms cartridge belt feed type Download PDF

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Publication number
US2644365A
US2644365A US194996A US19499650A US2644365A US 2644365 A US2644365 A US 2644365A US 194996 A US194996 A US 194996A US 19499650 A US19499650 A US 19499650A US 2644365 A US2644365 A US 2644365A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
cartridge
belt
lever
feed
feed mechanism
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US194996A
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English (en)
Inventor
Maillard Bernard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Brev Aero Mecaniques S A Soc
Society Brevets Aero-Mecaniques S A
Original Assignee
Brev Aero Mecaniques S A Soc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Brev Aero Mecaniques S A Soc filed Critical Brev Aero Mecaniques S A Soc
Priority claimed from US278349A external-priority patent/US2750845A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2644365A publication Critical patent/US2644365A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/29—Feeding of belted ammunition
    • F41A9/32—Reciprocating-slide-type belt transporters
    • F41A9/33—Reciprocating-slide-type belt transporters with cartridge stripping means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/29—Feeding of belted ammunition
    • F41A9/30—Sprocket-type belt transporters
    • F41A9/31—Sprocket-type belt transporters with cartridge stripping means

Definitions

  • MAILLARD FEED MECHANISM FOR AUTOMATIC FIREARMS (,ARTRIDGE BELT FEED TYPE July 7, 1953 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Ney. 1o. 195o ATTR/VEY GMM July 7, 1953 B.
  • the present invention relates to feed mecha- Vnisms for automatic rearms in which the cartridges are mounted on a belt, the expression feed mechanism applying to any mechanism capable of conveying the cartridges toward the arm during firing.
  • My invention is more particularly concerned with automatic firearms the breechblock of which is controlled through means other than recoil, for instance through a gas tap control system.
  • the object of my invention is to provide a mechanism of this kind which is better adapted to meet the requirements of practice than those existing at the present time.
  • the feed mechanism in question includes an elastic device operative by the reciprocating displacements of said firearm with respect to its support for storing up recoil energy during a portion of each of said reciprocating displacements, instead of letting it be transmitted directly to the cartridges, and means actuated by said elastic de vice for applying the energy thus stored upto the feed of at least one cartridge, during a subsen quent portion of said reciprocating displacement.
  • the elastic device receives energy during at least a portion of the recoil stroke of the firearm with respect to its support and restores it to the cartridge belt, to propel it in a direction transverse to the barrel axis, during a portion of the frontward return stroke of said firearm,
  • the elastic device receives energy from the belt feed mechanism, during each step of the feed movement of the belt, and restores it to the cartridge detached from the belt to give it said translatory displacement as a preceding cartridge is being moved into the cartridge chamber'.
  • Fig. l is an elevational vien1 of a rearm of the indirect feed type provided with a feed mechanism according to my invention
  • Figs. 2 to 5 show this feed mechanism on a larger scale, respectively in longitudinal section on the line II-II of Fig. 3, in horizontal section .2 on the line III-III of Fig. 2 and in cross sections on the line IV-IV and V-V of Fig. 2, the feed belt being removed;
  • Figs. 6 to S are diagrammatical views showing three different relative positions of some elements of Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 9 is a diagrammatical View showing the arrangement of a feed mechanism of this kind for a firearm of the direct feed type
  • Figs. 10 to 12 are diagrammati-cal views show ing (in section on V-V of Fig. 2 for -Figs. 10 and l1 and IV--IV of Fig. 2 for Fig. 12) three different relative positions of the parts for detaching the cartridges from the belt and bringing them into position of introduction in the case of a feed device as shown by Figs. 1 to 4;
  • Fig. 13 shows the position of the same parts and of the last cartridge when the belt is at its end (section View on V-V of Fig. 2);
  • Figs. 14 to 19 are diagrammatical views showing different relative positions of the parts of a mechanism for detaching the cartridges from the belt and bringing them into position of introduction, according to an embodiment of my invention different from that shown by Figs. 10 to 12;
  • Fig. 20 shows, similarly to Fig. 13 but in the case of the mechanism illustrated by Figs. 1i to 19, the position of the parts of this mechanism when the belt is at its end.
  • the automatic firearm shown by the drawing (Fig. l) essentially includes a barrel I carrying, at the rear end thereof, a breech casing 2 in which moves a breechblock 3 urged toward the front by a recuperator spring 4 and controlled, for release thereof, by a gas top control system 5.
  • This assembly which constitutes the firearm proper, is mounted slidable in a fixed support or cradle 6 with the interposition of an elastic system 'i for absorbing part of the recoil of the arm with respect to its support and ensuring return thereof toward the front.
  • Rigid with support B there is provided a plate 8 intended to receive the feed mechanism and for instance secured to support 6 through an arm I0, so that the upper edge of the breech casing slides along this plate during the reciprocating movement of the firearm.
  • plate 8 is provided with means for detachably fixing feed mechanism 9, and constituted, for instance, at the front by a mortise and tenon device i l and at the rear by a retractable locking finger l2.
  • the feed mechanism 9 is operated by the recoil stroke of the rearm with respect to its support and to the feed mechanism carrier plate 8 rigid with said support, said feed mechanism including for this purpose a system interposed between the arm proper and the belt B to be propelled for transmitting .the recoil ienergy to the belt feed means.
  • the elastic device may be arranged to cooperate with the part which ⁇ Vacts upon said lever when "the liirearm ⁇ recoilsso as temporarily to limit the amplitude of yoscillation of the leverin question, the remainder of vthe oscillation of which then takes place, after the end of the rearm recoil stroke, under the eiTect of the energy restored by said elastic device.
  • the transmission system essentially comprises the following elements:
  • the elastic system intendedv temporarily to store up a portion of the recoil energy is constituted by a push-piece 28 provided with a spring 29 and mounted in the casing'of feed mechanism 9 in such manner-that it is pushed back by a roller Ila carried by cam I'Lwhen this -cam tends to pivot oscillating lever I3.
  • the amplitude of the displacements of push-pieces It and .'28 will be limited t to the maximum values admissible during operation of the mechanism, which can be obtained by means of projecting abutments 3e carried by the casing of the feed mechanism and engaged in elongated slots provided in the walls of the pushl pieces.
  • cam Hand compels 'the active end thereoic ment 1s higher.
  • cam ii is nrst held back between said roller It and push-piece 2t so as to act as a thrust trans- ⁇ mitting means between these two parte, after which itis disengaged'so asto enable lever. i3 ⁇ to return to its initial position.
  • the rear part or" cam il (the active end of which bears upon push-piece 23) is pivotally connected to the end 32a of a lever 32 pivoted at its middle part 32h to support 3l, the other end of this lever being subjected to the action of return spring means 33 so as to urge the head of said cam Il toward said support 3i.
  • cam H x carries a small projection i'b capable, once ithas moved past roller It,v of holding back said .camso that, at the beginning of the frontward return stroke of the ilrearm, the cam lags beh-ind it.
  • the elastic device which plays the part of temporary energy accumulator gives some flexibility to the transmission of movement to belt B.
  • the forward movement of belt B can be made to extend over Y a portion of the period during which the firearm returns toward the front after its recoil, which is advantageous in view of the inertia of said belt.
  • the various elements of the feed mechanism are readily accessible, owing to the fact that cover I5 can be lifted, and the insertion of a fresh cartridge belt does not require prelimin nary tensioning of any spring.
  • the firearm is of the indirect feed type, i. e. that the cartridge is unfastened from the belt in a position, herein* after called unfastening position," from which it must be fed to the position of introduction (where it is caught by the breechblock nose), and this whatever be the feed system adopted for feeding the cartridge belt through the firearm.
  • these operations of unfastening the cartridges and feeding them from unfastening position into position of introduction are performed, at least partly, by an elastic device which stores up energy supplied by the belt feed mechanism during the step which brings the cartridges successively into unfastening position, and gives back this energy when a cartridge has reached this position both to unfasten this cartridge from the belt and to move a cartridge into introduction position.
  • I constitute said elastic device by V-shaped springs 3ft of sufficient strength (Figs. l0 to 13) one branch of which is fixed to the cover plate l5 of the feed mechanism and the other branch of which bears upon the ⁇ cartridge which is being moved toward unfastening position, said springs being preferably disposed on either side of the slideway of sliding member 22.
  • I provide, inside passage 31, a spring 38 adapted to retract as long as the cartridges which pass through said passage undergo a downward thrust from the extraction springs 34, said spring 38 being intended to hold back the last cartridge of the belt (Fig. 13).
  • cartridge belt feed mech anism is actuated by the recoil and cartridge III is thus moved forward transversely into contact with the top of springs 3B and above the introduction passage 31, in a position where it bears upon cartridge II (Fig. 12) and pushes it into contact with the top surface of the breechblock.
  • cartridge III pushes back abutments 35 and 4deflects extraction springs 34 upwardly.
  • the energy thus stored up in springs 34 serves to push cartridge II into introduction position while unfastening cartridge III from its belt clip, said clip being prevented from moving down with cartridge III both by abutments 35 and by the next cartridge of the belt.
  • the three first cartridges to be introduced into the barrel are now in the same relative positions as shown by Fig. l0.
  • Such a system for feeding the cartridges from unfastening position to position of introduction has the advantage of dispensing the cartridge belt feed mechanism from the necessity of exerting any sudden increase of Work, the energy required for unfastening and moving down the cartridges (deection of springs 3d) being stored up gradually during the period of time for which the belt makes one step. Furthermore, once this energy has been accumulated and the first cartridge has reached the unfastening position, the pressure which serves to unfasten said cartridge is independent of the pulling effort exerted upon the belt.
  • each extractor leverl is'transmitted. thereto by a crank lever fIlZtpivotedabout a pinli rigid with casing 2, one of the'Y branches 32d oithis lever.
  • EZ being .located 'onthe'end portionorthepath of travel of sliding member .22, .whereas the other branch 2b is engaged inethe .interval separating the central arm Sea fromltherear.
  • cartridge III tends to pivot lever 39 in the cartridge unfastening direction (indicated by the arrow on Fig. 16), this movement being further positively caused by lever l2 the branch 42a of which has come into contact with said sliding member near the end of its movement and the other branch, 42h, of which then acts upon the rear arm 39e of the extractor lever.
  • the edge of the bolt clip of cartridge III is supported by the ends of elastic abutments and'this cartridge is being pushed out from said clip (Fig. 16).
  • Sliding member 22 keeps moving toward the left and cartridge III is wholly freed from its clip and brought into Contact with cartridge II, which isstll being Vheld back byA spring 38 (Fig. 17).
  • a feed mechanism which comprises, in combination, a reciprocating sliding member movable in said support transversely ⁇ to said line of fire, pawl means carried by said member for driving said cartridge belt together with said member in one direction, an oscillating lever pivoted to said support operatively connected with said sliding member for driving it, a spring push-piece movably guided in said support, a cam adapted to engage between said oscillating lever and said push-piece so as to be able to cooperate with both, link means between said cam and said rearm for causing said cam both to compress said pushpiece and to pivot said lever during the recoil stroke of the rearm,
  • a feed mechanism in which the means for keeping the cam between said push-piece and said lever consist of a projection carried by said cam and adapted to cooperate with said lever.
  • a feed mechanism in which said cam includes a heel portion adapted to bear against a part of the rearm proper, said link means including a lever pivoted in its intermediate part to said firearm and hinged at one end to said cam, spring means being interposed between the other end of said lever and said rearm.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Buckles (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Automotive Seat Belt Assembly (AREA)
US194996A 1949-11-18 1950-11-10 Feed mechanism for automatic firearms cartridge belt feed type Expired - Lifetime US2644365A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
LU291542X 1949-11-18
US278349A US2750845A (en) 1949-11-18 1952-03-25 Belt feed mechanisms for automatic firearms
US582870A US2821888A (en) 1949-11-18 1956-05-04 Belt feed mechanisms for automatic firearms

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2644365A true US2644365A (en) 1953-07-07

Family

ID=32329667

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US194996A Expired - Lifetime US2644365A (en) 1949-11-18 1950-11-10 Feed mechanism for automatic firearms cartridge belt feed type
US582870A Expired - Lifetime US2821888A (en) 1949-11-18 1956-05-04 Belt feed mechanisms for automatic firearms

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US582870A Expired - Lifetime US2821888A (en) 1949-11-18 1956-05-04 Belt feed mechanisms for automatic firearms

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (2) US2644365A (fr)
BE (2) BE499447A (fr)
CH (3) CH291542A (fr)
DE (2) DE850416C (fr)
FR (1) FR1059885A (fr)
GB (1) GB686049A (fr)
LU (1) LU30656A1 (fr)
NL (2) NL103483C (fr)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2820401A (en) * 1954-05-17 1958-01-21 Frank A Pachmayr Machine gun anti-jamming device
US2824497A (en) * 1956-03-30 1958-02-25 Raymond A Bond Feeder mechanism for a firearm
US2857813A (en) * 1953-04-27 1958-10-28 Hughes Tool Co Pneumatic cartridge feeder
US2857814A (en) * 1956-04-04 1958-10-28 Ceci H Taylor Feeding mechanism for a firearm
US2899865A (en) * 1959-08-18 Cartridge feeding mechanism
US3035495A (en) * 1958-07-03 1962-05-22 Fairchild Engine & Airplane Cartridge feeding mechanism
US3230828A (en) * 1962-12-21 1966-01-25 Bervets Aero Mecaniques S A Belt feed mechanisms for automatic firearms
US3326085A (en) * 1964-02-25 1967-06-20 Brevets Aero Mecaniques Automatic feed mechanism for a gun
US9488425B2 (en) 2012-11-15 2016-11-08 Slide Fire Solutions Lp Belt feed mechanism for mil-spec linked ammo
US11156415B2 (en) * 2017-09-11 2021-10-26 Fn Herstal S.A. Machine gun
US20220205749A1 (en) * 2017-09-11 2022-06-30 Fn Herstal S.A. Machine gun

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL293088A (fr) * 1951-03-27
LU32895A1 (fr) * 1954-05-25
NL128755C (fr) * 1963-11-26
CH469959A (fr) * 1966-07-01 1969-03-15 Brevets Aero Mecaniques Arme à feu automatique à pourvoyeur permettant une alimentation par deux bandes de cartouches
US4397216A (en) * 1981-02-02 1983-08-09 General Electric Company Feeder mechanism
US6176169B1 (en) * 1997-03-06 2001-01-23 Paul H. Sanderson Aircraft support plank mounted 30 MM machine gun

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1709162A (en) * 1925-04-21 1929-04-16 William I Westervelt Automatic gun
US1808847A (en) * 1931-01-24 1931-06-09 James L Hatcher Belt feed mechanism for machine guns
US2388670A (en) * 1942-05-22 1945-11-13 Guy T Bixby Feed mechanism for cartridge belts
US2389960A (en) * 1940-01-25 1945-11-27 Dobremysl Josef Automatic gun
US2397501A (en) * 1943-05-19 1946-04-02 Curtiss Wright Corp Cannon feed unit
US2453977A (en) * 1946-03-28 1948-11-16 Roy S Sanford Cartridge feeding device
US2529822A (en) * 1946-04-02 1950-11-14 United Shoe Machinery Corp Charger for automatic guns

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2415413A (en) * 1942-02-26 1947-02-11 Wilfrid M Burgess Cartridge feeding mechanism
GB558950A (en) * 1942-05-02 1944-01-28 Boulton Aircraft Ltd Improvements in apparatus for feeding ammunition in belt form to machine guns designed for magazine feed

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1709162A (en) * 1925-04-21 1929-04-16 William I Westervelt Automatic gun
US1808847A (en) * 1931-01-24 1931-06-09 James L Hatcher Belt feed mechanism for machine guns
US2389960A (en) * 1940-01-25 1945-11-27 Dobremysl Josef Automatic gun
US2388670A (en) * 1942-05-22 1945-11-13 Guy T Bixby Feed mechanism for cartridge belts
US2397501A (en) * 1943-05-19 1946-04-02 Curtiss Wright Corp Cannon feed unit
US2453977A (en) * 1946-03-28 1948-11-16 Roy S Sanford Cartridge feeding device
US2529822A (en) * 1946-04-02 1950-11-14 United Shoe Machinery Corp Charger for automatic guns

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2899865A (en) * 1959-08-18 Cartridge feeding mechanism
US2857813A (en) * 1953-04-27 1958-10-28 Hughes Tool Co Pneumatic cartridge feeder
US2820401A (en) * 1954-05-17 1958-01-21 Frank A Pachmayr Machine gun anti-jamming device
US2824497A (en) * 1956-03-30 1958-02-25 Raymond A Bond Feeder mechanism for a firearm
US2857814A (en) * 1956-04-04 1958-10-28 Ceci H Taylor Feeding mechanism for a firearm
US3035495A (en) * 1958-07-03 1962-05-22 Fairchild Engine & Airplane Cartridge feeding mechanism
US3230828A (en) * 1962-12-21 1966-01-25 Bervets Aero Mecaniques S A Belt feed mechanisms for automatic firearms
US3326085A (en) * 1964-02-25 1967-06-20 Brevets Aero Mecaniques Automatic feed mechanism for a gun
US9488425B2 (en) 2012-11-15 2016-11-08 Slide Fire Solutions Lp Belt feed mechanism for mil-spec linked ammo
US11156415B2 (en) * 2017-09-11 2021-10-26 Fn Herstal S.A. Machine gun
US20220205749A1 (en) * 2017-09-11 2022-06-30 Fn Herstal S.A. Machine gun
US11879702B2 (en) * 2017-09-11 2024-01-23 Fn Herstal S.A. Machine gun

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
LU30656A1 (fr)
CH291542A (fr) 1953-06-30
FR1059885A (fr) 1954-03-29
BE499447A (fr)
DE850416C (de) 1952-09-25
CH305750A (fr) 1955-03-15
DE961513C (de) 1957-04-04
US2821888A (en) 1958-02-04
NL103769C (fr)
CH320361A (fr) 1957-03-31
BE510157A (fr)
NL103483C (fr)
GB686049A (en) 1953-01-14

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