US2643633A - Pneumatic horn or signal - Google Patents

Description

June 1953 ABBONDANDOLO 2,643,633 I PNEUMATIC HORN 0R SIGNAL Filed March 12, 1949 r 2 Sheets-Sheet l Lawrence (Ibbqndandola ATTORNEY.

Fry, INVENTOR.

June 30, 1953 1.. ABBONDANDOLOJ 5 9 PNEUMATIC HORN OR SIGNAL Filed March 12, 1949 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 IN V EN TOR.

Laurence Obbondando/o M5 igazwj A TTORNE Y.

Patented June 30, 1953 PNEUMATIC HORN R SIGNAL Lawrence Abbondandolo, Brooklyn, N. Y.

Application March 12, 1949, Serial No. 81,055

(Cl. 11e 1se) 14 Claims. 1

This invention relates to audible signals generally and more particularly to pneumatic signals for use on bicycles, tricycles, boats, wagons and other types of vehicles regardless of their size or pur ose;

The present invention proposes a pneumatic signal or horn wherein delicate and readily breakable parts, or parts subject to deterioration, are eliminated to produce a sturdy, long lasting device, simple in construction and not easily susceptible to damage, breakage or material deterioraticn.

Among its other objects the present signa1 or horn contemplates a device that will have a small overall size and yet will pneumatically produce a uniform, loud and distinctive signal by the discharge of a comparatively large volume of air under positive pressure through an associated sound producing assembly.

Moreover, the instant invention by the inclusion of a resonating chamber increases the magnitude of the sound or signal produced without increasing proportionately the volume of air under pressure, as would customarily be required for a signal of equal magnitude by other devices of this character.

rigid, non-flexible air compressor for the elastic bulb or diaphragm heretofore common in pneu mat-1c signals or horns, the present invention produces a pneumatic signalling device relatively inexpensive to construct and assemble, and yet practically indestructible.

With the above and other objects in view, as will be apparent, this invention consists in the construction, combination and arrangement of parts all as hereinafter more fully described, mod and illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein:

Fig. l is a side elevation of a pneumatic signal or horn constructed in accordance with the present invention and illustrates in phantom lines one type or mounting means by which it may be secured in an operative position;

Fig. 2 is a central longitudinal section through Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 4 illustrating the relative positions of the components of the presnet horn or signal after its operation and the completion of the signal;

Fig. 6 is a transverse section taken along lines 6-6 of Fig. 4, and

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary elevation of Fig. 4 to show the manner in which the air compressor element and the resonating tube are operatively connected.

Heretofore pneumatic horns or signals, regardless of their purpose, have usually employed an open bell in association with reeds or diaphragms to be vibrated or flexed by air pressure produced by the repeated compression of an elastic bulb or similar device, each compression of the bulb passing a limited quantity of compressed air through or over the reed or'cliaphragm. This type of pneumatic horn or signal has been comparatively expensive and difiicult to maintain because of the rapid deterioration of the bulb, with or without use, and the frequent breaking of the reed or diaphragm.

The present invention proposes anassembly to produce a loud, but pleasant and distinctive signal without the use of a reed, diaphragm or other vibrating member and without employing the bulb heretofore used as a source of air under pressure.

Reference being had more particularly to the drawings, It designates the main cylinder or barrel of the present invention, which is of rigid construction and made of any suitable material such as metal, synthetic resins or the like. At one of its ends the cylinder It is open while at its opposite extremity it is provided with an end wal H in which is created a central aperture, concentric to the axis of the cylinder it. This aperture is surrounded by an outstanding flange 52 formed integrally with the end wall i I. Within the flange is positioned a hollow collar l3 resting flush against the inner surface of the flange [2 where it is fixedly secured by any suitable means, such as the screw i4 passing through the flange i2 and imbedded in or engaging the collar it.

At its inner end the collar 53 terminates in the plane of that portion of the end wall I l immediately adjacent the flange l2 and abuts a bearing plate 15 situated within the cylinder Iii and resting flush against the inner face of the wall I i. This bearing plate It: is permanently secured to the wall i l in any manner and to that end may be welded to the inner face of said wall in close'abutment with the inner end of the collar 53. A hearing opening l 5' centrally pierces the plate i5 concentrically to the collar !3 and this opening is surrounded by a plurality of air passages or apertures l6 each of which communicate at one end with the interior of the cylinder is and at its opposite end with the interior of the collar 13.

The outer end of the collar 13 projects beyond the edge or" the flange 12 and there surrounds and contains a disc I! which constitutes an air bafiie or constriction in said collar. This disc I! is positioned concentric to the axis of both the cylinder it and collar l3 and is held circumferentially spaced from the interior surface of the collar whereby a narrow space l8 is created between the periphery of the disc and the end por tion of the collar l3. The position oi the disc I! is maintained and held in its spaced relation to the collar is by pins 19 which after piercing the collar are imbedded at their inner ends in the edge of said disc. It is obvious that the disc ll need not be mounted and held in place by the pins 19 but may be secured in its operative position within the outer extremity of the collar 13 by any other suitable means and may even be made integrally with the collar in which event the space #8 may be routed out leaving integral necks corresponding to the pins l9 as the means for support interposed between the disc H and collar t3.

Mounted for reciprocation within the open end of the cylinder 16 is an air compressor. This compressor comprises a body 29 of any suitable shape, here shown as semi-elliptical in longitudinal section and circular in cross-section, having an inner end wall 2!. A flexible packing member, preferably of leather 22, is mounted against the outer face of the end wall 2.! of the compressor with its edge portion protruding beyond the limits of said wall to produce a peripheral flange 23 disposed angularly to said end wall 2i and operable against the inner surface of the cylinder it. This packing member 22 is held in place flush against the end wall 2! of the compressor by a clamping plate '2 disposed over the packing member and substantially coextensive with the wall iii. A piston rod 25 at one or" its ends is concentrically threaded, as at 2%, into the end wall ii of the compressor 2% A look nut 21 is mounted on the threaded portion 26 of the rod 25 to bear against the exposed face of the clampi'ng plate 2 5 and thereby serves to rigidly lock the clamping plate 211 and the packing member 2?. in their operative positions in association with the end wall 24 of the compressor and to counteract any tendency to retrograde rotation by the rod 25. In practice the body 26 of the compressor acts as the means by which it is reciprocated inwardly of the cylinder H3 while the end wall 2 i, the packing member 22 and the clamping plate 24, in their operative association, combine to cornprise a piston re'oiprocable within said cylinder.

The piston rod 25 is positioned to coincide with the longitudinal axis of the cylinder ii? and therefore passes through the bearing opening i the plate i5 and projects into the collar l3. alignment with the opening 15 of the plate it the disc or bafile ii is provided with a central bearing opening 17 through which the outer end portion of the rod "25 projects and reciprocates. teriorly of the disc l? the rod 251s associated with a washer Zil'which is held fixed in its position at the extremity by a screw 25% threaded into the outer extremity of the rod. This washer, as will be seen, acts as a stop to limit the move- 'ment of the rod '25 and of the compressor and associated parts in one direction, 1. e., outwardly of the open end of the cylinder l6.

Within the cylinder Hi and interposed between the end wall ll thereof and the clamping plate 24 of the piston of the compressor is a helical spring 3%. moved inwardly of the cylinder Hi the substantially airtight contact between the packing me1nber 22 and the piston 2lii2-2i at the inner to the extremity of the flare end of the body 25 compresses the air within the cylinder iii between said piston and the end wall ii of the cylinder. The air thus compressed by the compressor 23 is expelled from the cylinder Iii through the air passages or apertures it in the bearing plate iii into the collar i3, from which it escapes or is expelled through the space 18 between the disc 4? and the inner surface of the collar 33. The compression of the air and its ultimate expulsion through the space i3, generates a comparatively loud, audible signal which is amplified by the provision or a resonating chamber in association with the outer end of the collar l3, as will be more fully described.

When the compressor has reached the limit of its stroke inwardly oi the cylinder is, the spring 39 is fully compressed and therefore will return the compressor to its original position (Fig. 2) when it is released or freed. The movement of the compressor outwardly of the cylinder id is arrested when the washer 28 contacts the outer surface of the disc ii.

A resonating chamber BI is provided in conjunction with the outer extremity of the collar 13. This chamber consists of a cylindrical tube 32 having the same diameter as the collar 13 and flared at its outer end 32 as at 33. A closure S is provided for the outer extremity of the flare 33 whereby the iiare or bell 33 is sealed and the discharge of air under pressure into the chamber 3i develops a back pressure which increases the magnitude of the sound produced at disc ii. The tube 32 and the flared ortion can be formed integrally with the ciosure 33 or the latter may be welded or otherwise permanently secured 33 to effectively close and seal that end of the chamber 35.

At its inner end the tube 32 of the resonatin chamber is spaced from and mounted on or secured to the outer extremity of the collar it by the attaching members 35 interposed between the outer extremity of the collar I3 and the inner extremity of the tube 32. These attaching members are relatively narrow, rigid extensions of the collar l3 and the inner edge of the tube 32. Anyone of many techniques may be employed to rigidly and permanently mount the tube 32 on the outer extremity of the collar is by the interposed attaching members 35. For example the attaching members may be formed integrally with both the tube 32 and the collar 13 or they may be formed separately and welded at their ends to both the collar and the tube. If formed integrally with the tube 32 and the collar 13, the space between the inner end or the tube 32 and the outer end of the collar 13, which is traversed by the attaching members 35,, may be created by partly routing out or partially cutting a single tube to define the inner end of the tube 32 and the outer end of the collar 13 and produce the space between them. In doing this the attaching members 35 are allowed to remain integral with both the tube 32 and the collar 13 and to "traverse the space thus formed. The method by which the attaching members are formed or are inserted between the adjoining ends of the tube If and when the compressor 2i) is 32 and the collar I 3 is a matter of manufacturing expediency and per se forms no part of the present invention which merely requires that the inner end of the tube 32 be separated from the outer end of the collar I3 and that they be permanently and rigidly held in such relationship.

When the compressor i moved inwardly of the cylinder it the air compressed thereby is expelled through the space [8 between the disc I! and the collar it thus generating an audible signal the volume and magnitude of which is increased by the resonating chamber 3! aligned with the collar 53 but spaced therefrom.

The pneumatic horn or signal above described may be associated with a vehicle in any suitable manner and it is not proposed to limit the scope of the present invention by including therein any specific mounting means. An example of one means by which the present device may be mounted is disclosed in dotted lines in Fig. 1. Here a ball 35 is rigidly fixed to the cylinder Ill to be releasably clamped between the jaws 36' of the adjustable support. These jaws 36 are disposed at corresponding ends of the clamping members 37 which are provided medially of their lengths with the complementary outwardly curved, engaging portions 38 designed to partially surround and clampingly engage between them a part of the vehicle, as for instance, the handlebar of the bicycle. Above the engaging portions 38 of the clamping members 31, a set screw 39 is provided to adjust the engaging pressure of the jaws 36' on the ball and the outer extremities of the clamping members 3? are also traversed by a similar set screw til whereby the pressure of the engaging portions 38 of the clamping members 3? on a part oi the vehicle may be regulated.

In Figs. 4, 5, and 6 is illustrated a modified form of the present invention by which a two-tone signal is produced.

In this form of the inven- -1 tion the compressor 26 and the cylinder H] are formed substantially as shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3 and this is also substantially true of the resonating chamber 3|. The salient differences between the structure of this modified form of the invention and structure of the form shown in Fig. 2 resides in the components associated with the flange 22 of the cylinder is and those parts associated with the inner extremity of the tube 352 of the resonating chamber 3 l.

In Figs. i and 5 the tube 32 of the resonating chamber 3! extends into and rests flush against the inner surface of the flange l2 where it is removahly held by pins ii fixedly secured to the tube engaging in bayonet slots at formed in the flange l2. tube abuts the bearing plate l5 just as in Fig. 1. Outwardly of the collar I 2 the tube 32 of the resonating chamber 3! is provided witha pair of parallel opening as and M spaced longitudinally of the tube one from the other. These openings are each the equivalent of the space between the inner extremity of the tube 32 and the outer extremity of the collar IS in Fig. 1 and each functions in the same way, means being provided to close one opening when the companion opening is opened so that never more than one of them is operative.

The primary opening or space 43 is thus closed when the secondary opening 44 is open and vice versa. To accomplish and control this alternate effectiveness of the spaces or openings 43 and i the inner extremity of the tube 32 is provided with a reciprocable sleeve 45 having a single space or opening it formed circumferentially therein centrally of its length. The sections of The inner extremity of the the sleeve 45 defining the opening r space 46 are t traversed by a series of connectors 41 which are permanently secured at their ends to said sections of the sleeve in any suitable manner.

These comrectorsmay be formed integrally withas to relative size, structure and mounting of the disc ll (Fig. 2). This disc H i permanently and rigidly mounted in theinner section 45' of the sleeve at one side of the space 'or opening 46 between the sleeve sections. As in the case of the disc ll (Fig. 2) the disc I'i is spaced cire cumferentially from theinterior surface of the section 45' of the sleeve. Fixed concentrically to the inner surface of the disc ill in any suitable manner is a hollow rod 48 designed to recipro cate within the central opening of the bearing plate 15 secured to the inner face of the end wall ll of the cylinder II], as the sleeve is moved to occupy either of its two operative positions with respect to the tube 32. i

The piston rod 25 extends concentrically through the hollow rod 48 and at one end is secured to the piston 2l 222 i of the compressor as disclosed in Fig. 2 and described in conjunction therewith. The spring 30 disposed between the piston of the compressor 20 and the inner face of the end. wall H of the cylinder [0, functions exactly as the spring to in Fig. 2. Thus when the compressor is moved inwardly of the cylinder it it compresses the spring 3i} between its piston 2i-i 2-2 l and the end wall I! of the cylinder and moves the piston rod 25 longitudinally with in the hollow rod as. At that moment the space or opening at between the sections 45 and Q5 of the sleeve is aligned or registered with the primary or inner space or opening 43 in the tube 32 of the resonating chamber 3|. The air com pressed within the cylinder l0 and expelled by the piston of the compressor will be ejected through the air passages l6 of the supporting plate 55 into the inner section 45 of the sleeve to escape around the disc ll and out through the primary space or opening 43 in the tube 32.

A small compression-spring 49 surrounds the piston rod 25 adjacent the lock nut 2? and as the piston 2l-ii2-2 i of the compressor moves inwardly of the cylinder to this spring will eventually contact the inner end of the hollow rod A8,

whereupon the continued movement of the com-' pressor will move the hollow rod 38 within the supporting plate and the tube 32 of the resonating chamber 3!. This movement of the hol low rod as, carrying with it the sleeve 35-45 and the disc ll will cause the section 65 of the sleeve to close the primary opening at in the tube of the resonating chamber 3i and will simultaneously move the section 45 of the sleeve to open the secondary opening d4 of said tube. When this adju. ment of the sleeve is completed the air compressed by the compressor will be expelled through he openings N5 of the bearing plate 55 and the inner end of the tube 32 of the resonating chamber 3! and be delivered to and through the inner section '55 of the sleeve for ultimate dischargeoutwardly through the space of the present invention are repeated operation of around the disc Fl and the secondary opening All in the tube '32 or the resonating chamber,

The movement of the sleeve 45-45 is arrested by stops properly situated in andsecured to the interioroi the tube 32. When the movement of the compressor 28 inwardly of the cylinder H3 is arrested and is then released, the spring will move the compressor to its original position shown in Fig. 4. During the initial part of this return movement the piston rod 25, under the impetus of the spring 33, will move within and independently of the hollow rod 48 from the position shown in Fig. 5 until the washer 23 contacts with the outer surface of the disc ll whereupon the rod 25 and the hollow rod 48 together with they sleeve it will ino ""e in unison until the inner end section of the sleeve contacts the bearing plate it.

The two Xtreme positions or the inodihed'form snow-m n '91 and 5. In Fig. l the compressor 2b is situated by the spring 3% at the outer limit of its path 'o'f movement with the washer 23 or other suitable head of the piston rod 2% bearing against the outer surface or the disc li With the compressor in this position the outer section 45 of the sleeve closes the secondary opening at in the tube 32 and the opening or space 26 between the sections land of the sleeve is in alignment or registration with the primary opening 13 of the tube 32. V

In Fig. 5 the parts are shown in the positions they respectively occupy when the compressor is at the inner limit of its path of movement. Here the springs 3t and 19 are shown fully compressed and the sleeve file-45 has been moved by the hollow rod it, due to its contact with the inner spring 1%, to a position where the inner section 45 of the sleeve seals the primary opening 43 of the tube 32 and the outer section 45 of the sleeve has been. moved to clear or open the secondary opening i i-of the tube. V

The release of the compressor 29 will permit the spring SE3 cooperate to move the compressor outwardly of the cylinder 10, in which event the the compressor until its head or washe 3 contacts theouter end of the hollow 8 and the disc 41* whereupon the sleeve t e 45' and the hollow rod is together with the disc inwui move in unison with the rod 25 and until the parts have reassumed the position shown in l. H

it will be observed that all or the components of the present signal or horn, with the exception of the packing member or seal 22, are solid and rigid in construction and that no flexible or fragile parts or elements are used. Thus the the device causes no deterioration of its parts and so long as an airtight connection is maintained between the piston El-Zi-M of the compressor 28 and the inner surface of the cylinder H3 there will be no leakage or any deterioration whatever of the assembly or any of its parts.

What is claimed is:

1 The combination with a hollow cylinder, having one of its ends open and a centrally apertured end wall at its opposite end, of "an outwardly projecting flange fixed to the outer face of the end wall of the cylinder to define and surround the central aperture therein, a bearing plate permanently secured to the inner face of said end wall provided with a central aperture registering withthe aperture of the end wall and with a pluralityof sir passages disposed-radially about said aperture, each passage at its opposed ends communicating with the space defined by said flange and with said cylinder, a compressor mounted for reciprocation in the open end of said cylinder embodying a piston having sealing contact with the inner surface of the cylinder, a piston rod affixed centrally to the piston of the compressor and extending through the central aperture of the bearing plate, a compression spring interposed between the end wall of the cylinder and the piston or" the compressor to normally move the latter in a direction outwardly of the cylinder and away from said end wall, a tube fixed to and projecting outwardly from the flange on the end wall of the cylinder pierced by an opening in its wall near said flange and having its opposite end portion flared outwardly, a permanent closure sealing the extremity of the flared end portion of the tube, a. disc mounted in the tube adjacent the opening in the wall thereof, with its periphery spaced from the surrounding structure, said disc having a central aperture in axial alignment with the apertures in the end wall of the cylinder and in the bearing plate for the reception and passage of the piston rod of the compressor, and means on the extremity of said piston rod externally of the disc to limit the movement of said rod and attached compresso-r outwardly of the open end of the cylinder under the influence of the aforesaid spring.

2. The combination with a hollow cylinder open at one of its ends and having a oenerally ap'ertured end wall at its opposite end, of an outwardly projecting flange fixed to the end wall of the cylinder to surround the central aperture therein, a bearing plate permanently secured to the'inner face of said end wall in opposition to said flange and having a central opening therein concentric to the aperture in the end wall and a plurality of air passages disposed around said opening, each air passage communicating at one end with the space defined by said flange and at its opposite end with the interior of said cylinder, a compressor mounted for reciprocation in f the open end of said cylinder comprising a body having the major part thereof normally proect ng from the open end of the cylinder, an end wall always positioned within the cylinder a packing member resting flush against said end wall with its edge projecting beyond the limits thereof for sealing contact with the inner surface of the cylinder, and a clamping plate overlyingthe packing member and securing it in its operative position, said packing member and clamping plate in association with the end wall of the compressor constituting the piston of the compressor, a piston rod aihxed centrally to the piston of the compressor and extending through the central opening of the bearing plate, a compressionspring interposed between the end wall of the cylinder and the piston of the compressor to normally move the latter in a direction outwardly of the cylinder, a tube fixed within and projecting outwardly from the space defined by the flange on the end wall of the cylinder, having an opening in its wall adjoining the edge of said flange and its outer end'portion flared, a. permanent closure sealing the extremity of the flared end portion of the tube, a disc mounted in the tube adjacent the opening in the wall thereof with its periphery spaced from the inner surface of the tube, said disc being provided with a central opening in axial alignment with the open- 'ings in the end wall of the cylinder and in the bearing plate-for the reception and passage of the piston rod of the compressor, and means on the extremity of the piston rod externally of the disc to limit the movement of said rod and attached compressor outwardly of'the open end of the cylinder, under the influence of the aforesaid spring, by contact thereby with the outer face of said disc.

3. The combination with a cylinder having one of its ends open and a centrally apertured end wall at its opposite end, of an outwardly projecting flange fixed to the end wall of the cylinder to surround and define the central aperture therein, a bearing plate permanently secured to the inner face of said end wall in opposition to said flange and provided with a central opening therein concentric to the aperture of the end wall and a plurality of air passages disposed about said opening, each air passage terminating at one end in communication with the space defined by the flange and at the opposite end with the interior of the cylinder, a compressor mounted for reciprocation in the open end of said cylinder comprising a body, the major part of which normally projects from the open end of the cylinder, an end wall attached to said body to be always located within the cylinder, a packing member resting flush against said end wall. of the compressor with its edge projecting beyond the limits'thereof for sealing contact with the inner surface of the cylinder, and a. clamping plate overlying the packing member and securing it in its operative position, said well, packing member and clamping plate in association constituting the piston of the compressor, a piston rod affixed centrally to the piston of thecompressor and extending through the central openings of the bearing plate andend wall of the cylinder, a compression spring-interposed between the end wall of the cylinder and the piston of the compressor to normally move the latter in a direction outwardly of the cylinder, a. tube fixed within and projecting outwardly from the space defined by the flange on the end wall of the cylinder, having its outer end portion flared and several openings in its wall adjoining the edge of said end wall flange, each such opening being defined by relatively narrow connectors interposed between that part of the tube situated Within said flange and the edge of the tube opposed thereto, a permanent closure sealing the extremity of the flared outer end portion of the tube, a disc supported in the tube adjacent the openings therein with its periphery spaced from the inner surface of the tube, said disc having a central opening in axial alignment with the openings in the end wall of the cylinder and in the bearing plate for the reception and passage of the piston rod of the compressor, and means n the extremity of the piston rodexternally of the disc to limit the movement of said rod and of the attached compressor outwardly of the open end of the cylinder under the influence of the I aforesaid spring by contact thereby with the outer face of said disc.

4. The combination with a cylinder having one of its ends open and its opposite end closed by a centrally apertured end wall, of an outwardly projecting flange fixed to the end wall of the cylinder to surround and define the central aperture therein, a bearing plate permanently secured to the inner face of said end Wall in opposition to said flange, said plate being pierced by a central opening in registration with the aperture in the end Wall and a plurality of air passages radially disposed relative to said opening, each air passage communicating at its op.- posed ends with the space defined by said flange and the cylinder, a compressor mounted for reciprocation in the open end of said cylinder comprising a body, normally positioned with the major part thereof projecting from'the open end of the cylinder and provided with end wall always located within the cylinder, a packing member resting flush against the end wall with its edge projecting beyond the limits thereof for sealing contact with the inner surface of the cylinder, and a clamping plate overlying the packing member and securing it in its operative position, said wall, packing member and clamping plate in association constituting the piston of the compressor, a piston rod a-ifixed centrally to said piston to extend through the central openings of the bearing plate and end wall of the cylinder, a compression spring interposed between the end wall of thecylinder and the piston of the compressor tending to move the latter in a direction outwardly of the cylinder to its normal position, a tube having its outer end portion flared, fixed within and projecting outwardly from the space defined by the flange on the end Wall of the cylinder, said tube having several openings in its wall adjoining the edge of said flange each opening being defined by relatively narrow connectors interposed between that part of the tube situated within said flange and the opposed edge of the tube, a permanent closure sealing the extremity of the flared end portion of the tube, a disc mounted in the tube adjacent the openings therein with its periphery spaced from the inner surface of the tube, said disc being provided with a central" opening in axial alignment with the openings in the: end wall of the cylinder and in the bearing plate for the reception and passage of the piston rod of the compressor, and an enlargement at the extremity of centrally apertured end wall, of an outwardly projecting flange fixed to the end wall of the cylinder to surround and define the central aperture therein, a bearing plate permanently secured to the inner face of said end wall in opposition to said flange, said plate being pierced by a central opening in registration with the aperture in the end wall and a plurality of air passages radially disposed relative to said opening, each air passage communicating at its opposed ends with the space defined by said flange and the cylinder, a compressor mounted for reciprocation in the open end of said cylinder comprising a body, normally positioned with the major part thereof projecting from the open end of the cylinder and provided with an end wall always located within the cylinder, a packing member resting flush against the end wall with its edge projecting beyond the limits thereof for sealing contact with the inner surface of the cylinder, and a clamping plate overlying the packing mem her and securing it in its operative position, said wall, packing member and clamping plate in association constituting the piston of the compressor, a piston rod afllxed centrally to said piston to extend through the central openings of the bearing plate and end wall of the cylinder,

a compression spring interposed between the end wall of the cylinder and the piston of the compressor tending to move the latter in a direction outwardly of the cylinder to its normal position, a tube having its outer end portion flared, fixed within and projecting outwardly from the space defined by the flange on the end wall of the cylinder, said tube having several openings in its wall adjoining the edge of said flange each opening being defined by relatively narrow connectors interposed between that part of the tube situated within said flange and the opposed edge of the tube, a permanent closure sealing the extremity of the flared end portion of the tube, a disc mounted in the tube adjacent the openings therein with its periphery spaced from the inner surface of the tube, said disc being provided with acentral opening in axial alignment with the openings in the end wall of the cylinder and in the bearing plate for the reception and passage of the piston rod of the compressor, a washer having a diameter greater than the diameter of the piston rod positioned concentrically to the extremity of said rod, and a screw piercing said washer and threaded into the extremity of the piston rod to secure said washer in its operative position whereby it contacts the outer surface of the disc aforesaid to arrest the movement of the compressor outwardly of the cylinder.

6. The combination with a hollow cylinder hav ing one of its ends open and a centrally apertured wall at its opposite end, of an outwardly projecting flange fixed to the outer face of the wall to surround the central aperture therein, a bearing plate permanently secured to the inner face of said wall having a central aperture concentric to the aperture of the end wall and a plurality of air passages disposed about said aperture, each air passage at its opposed ends communicating respectively with the space defined by said flange and with said cylinder, a compressor mounted for reciprocation in the open end of the cylinder embodying a piston in sealed contact with the inner surface of the cylinder, a piston rod aflixed centrally to the piston of the compressor and extending through the central aperture of the bearing plate, a compression spring interposed between the end wall of the cylinder and the compressor to normally move and position the latter in a direction outwardly of the cylinder, a tube fixed to and projecting outwardly from the flange on the end wall of the cylinder having its outer end portion flared and its wall adjoining the cylinder pierced by a pair of parallel, spaced, elongated openings, a permanent closure sealing the extremity of the flared end portion of the tube, a hollow rod reciprocatingly encircling said piston rod and projecting through the central aperture of the bearing plate, a sleeve mounted for reciprocation within the end of the tube associated With the flange as aforesaid having an elongated opening in its wall adapted to register with one or the other of the elongated openings in the tube, a disc secured to the outer extremity of said hollow rod with its periphery spacedfrom and secured to the wall of the sleeve, an enlargement on the extremity of the piston rod arranged to contact the outer surface of the disc to limit the movement of the compressor and piston rod outwardly of the open end of the cylinder, a secondary spring surrounding the piston rod adjacent the piston of the compressor and arranged to contact the inner end of the hollow rod after a partial movement of the compressor inwardly of the cylinder to move the hollow rod and the piston rod in unison to register the opening in the sleeve with one of the openings in the tube while the body of the sleeve closes the other of said tube openings, and stop means within the tube to arrest the movement of the sleeve by the compressor.

'7. The combination with a reciprocable compressor having an outlet opening for the expulsion of air under pressure, of a resonating tube open at one end and closed at the other, arranged with its open end in association with said outlet opening, said tube being provided with a pair of parallel spaced circumferential openings in its wall adjacent the open end thereof, and means actuated by the compressor to alternately open and close said openings in the wall of the tube.

8. The combination with a compressor having an outlet opening for the expulsion of air under pressure, of a resonating tube closed at one of its ends and open at the opposite end, arranged with its open end in association with said outlet opening, said tube having in its wall a pair of parallel circumferential openings spaced one from the other longitudinally of the tube, a hollow sleeve mounted for reciproction within the open end portion of the tube having a single circumferential opening in its wall medially of its ends for registration with one or the other of the aforesaid openings in the tube whereupon the body of the sleeve closes the other of said openings, a restriction within said sleeve in substantial alignment with one side of the sleeve opening, and means whereby the sleeve may be reciprocated in the tube to register its opening with one or the other of the tube openings and simultaneously close the tube opening out of registration with the sleeve opening.

9. The combination with a compressor having an outlet opening for the expulsion of air under pressure, of a resonating tube closed at one of its ends and open at the opposite end, arranged with its open end in association with said outlet opening, said tube having in its wall a pair of parallel circumferential openings spaced one from the other longitudinally of the tube, a hollow sleeve mounted for reciprocation within the open end portion of the tube having a single circumferential opening in its wall medially of its ends for registration with one or the other of the aforesaid openings in the tube whereupon the body of the sleeve closes the other of said openings, a restriction within said sleeve in substantial alignment with one side of the sleeve opening, and means actuated by the compressor for reciprocating the sleeve within the tube to alternately register the opening in the sleeve with one or the other of the tube openings and simultaneously close the other of said openings with an imperforate part of the sleeve.

10. The combination with a reciprocable compressor having an outlet opening for the expulsion of air under pressure, of a resonating tube closed at one of its ends and open at its opposite end, arranged with its open end associated with the outlet opening of the compressor, said tube having, adjacent the compressor, a pair of parallel circumferential openings spaced one from the other longitudinally of the tube, a sleeve mounted for reciprocation in the tube having a single circumferential opening in its Wall medially of its ends for registration with one or the other of the tube openings whereupon the body of the sleeve closes the other of said openings, a restriction within said sleeve in substantial alignment with the inner side of the opening in the sleeve, and means whereby said sleeve may be reciprocated within the tube by said compressor to maintain the sleeve opening in registration with one of the tube openings during part of a stroke of the compressor and in registration with the other of the tube openings during the remainder of the same compressor stroke.

11. The combination with a reciprocable compressor having an outlet opening for the expulsion of air under pressure, of a resonating tube associated with said outlet opening having parallel circumferential openings in its wall, a hollow sleeve mounted for reciprocation within the tube provided with a single medial circumferential opening therein, a restriction within the sleeve adjacent one side of the opening therein, and means whereby the actuation of the compressor in either direction will successively register said sleeve opening with the tube openings simultaneously closing the opening out of registration with the slee o opening.

The combination with a reciprocable conipressor havin an outlet opening, of a resonating tube associated with said opening having parallel circumferential openings in its wall adjacent said compressor, a hollow sleeve having a single medial circumferential wall opening mounted for reciprocation within the tube, a restriction within the sleeve adjacent one side of the opening therein, and means whereby the actuation of the compressor in one direction will successively register 0 the sleeve opening with openings in the tube whereby air expelled by the compressor will pass said restriction and be discharged first through one or" the tube openings and then the other.

15. The combination with a cylinder having an outlet opening, of a piston mounted for reciprocation in said cylinder, a piston rod projecting concentrically from said piston, a hollow rod mounted for independent reciprocation upon said piston rod, a resonating tube closed at one end and open at the opposite end arranged with its open end in association with the outlet opening of the cylinder, said tube havin' a pair of spaced openings in its wall, a sleeve mounted for reciprocation within the tube having a single opening in its wall medially of its length, a disc ailixed to the extremity of said hollow rod and spaced from and secured to the sleeve at one side of the opening therein, a spring associated with the piston rod to normally move it in a direction away from the outlet opening and position the sleeve with its aforesaid opening in registration with one of the openings in the tube, whereupon the reciprocation of the piston and piston rod against the action of the spring and toward the outlet opening will be independent or" the sleeve during the first part of this movement, and means to move the sleeve in unison with the piston during the last part of the movement of the piston toward the outlet opening to a position where the opening in the sleeve registers with the second opening in the tube wall and the sleeve closes the first said opening.

14. The combination with a cylinder having an outlet opening, of a resonating tube associated with said outlet opening, said tube having at least two openings in its wall spaced one from the other longitudinally of the tube, a hollow sleeve having a single opening medially of its length, mounted for limited reciprocation within the tube, a disc fixedly mounted within the sleeve adjacent one side of the sleeve opening and spaced peripherally from the inner surface of the sleeve, a piston mounted for reciprocation 7 within the-cylinder to expel air under pressure through the outlet opening and sleeve as it moves in one direction, a piston rod secured to said piston to reciprocate through said outlet opening and in the adjacent end portion of the tube, a hollow rod encircling said piston rod and at its end centrally secured to the disc aforesaid, and means whereby the initial movement of the piston and rod in the direction to expel air under pressure through the outlet opening will be independent of and relative to said hollow rod and sleeve whereupon the piston and piston rod become coupled to the hollow rod and sleeve for operation in unison therewith during the remainder of the movement to expel air under pressure as aforesaid.

LAWRENCE. ABE ONDANDOLQ.

References Cited in the file of this patent V UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 209,200 Tarr Oct. 22, 1878 1,001,101 Vsetecka Aug. 22, 1911 1,796,887 Critchfielol Mar. 17, 193]. 1,866,019 Eshbaugh July 5, 1932 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 160,959 Great Britain Apr. '7, 1921 315,974 Great Britain July 25, 1929 392,748 France Oct. 5, 1908 627,235 France l Sept. 29, 1927

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