US2576031A - Lubricating grease containing soaps of tall oil - Google Patents
Lubricating grease containing soaps of tall oil Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2576031A US2576031A US86586A US8658649A US2576031A US 2576031 A US2576031 A US 2576031A US 86586 A US86586 A US 86586A US 8658649 A US8658649 A US 8658649A US 2576031 A US2576031 A US 2576031A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- tall oil
- oil
- acids
- acid
- grease
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000003784 tall oil Substances 0.000 title claims description 39
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 title claims description 31
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 title claims description 23
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- HDCRDACZYDHUQX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;furan-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CO1 HDCRDACZYDHUQX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000003441 saturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010688 mineral lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 36
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 23
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 21
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furaldehyde Natural products O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005705 Cannizzaro reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 5
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 241000779819 Syncarpia glomulifera Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000021323 fish oil Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229940036248 turpentine Drugs 0.000 description 3
- XQVWYOYUZDUNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Phenyl-1-naphthylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC2=CC=CC=C2C=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 XQVWYOYUZDUNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CC=C1 HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 furfural Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)(=O)O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001739 pinus spp. Substances 0.000 description 2
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QERYCTSHXKAMIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophene-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CS1 QERYCTSHXKAMIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001293 FEMA 3089 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- BCKXLBQYZLBQEK-KVVVOXFISA-M Sodium oleate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O BCKXLBQYZLBQEK-KVVVOXFISA-M 0.000 description 1
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-ONCXSQPRSA-N abietic acid Chemical compound C([C@@H]12)CC(C(C)C)=CC1=CC[C@@H]1[C@]2(C)CCC[C@@]1(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-ONCXSQPRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010685 fatty oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- CNUDBTRUORMMPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N formylthiophene Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CS1 CNUDBTRUORMMPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical class C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000020778 linoleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N linoleic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC)(=O)O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N para-ethylbenzaldehyde Natural products CCC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010690 paraffinic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000135 prohibitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001612 separation test Methods 0.000 description 1
- WYPBVHPKMJYUEO-NBTZWHCOSA-M sodium;(9z,12z)-octadeca-9,12-dienoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O WYPBVHPKMJYUEO-NBTZWHCOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003577 thiophenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M5/00—Solid or semi-solid compositions containing as the essential lubricating ingredient mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils and their use
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/104—Aromatic fractions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/106—Naphthenic fractions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/022—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing at least two hydroxy groups
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2207/027—Neutral salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/04—Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates
- C10M2207/044—Cyclic ethers having four or more ring atoms, e.g. furans, dioxolanes
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/121—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/121—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
- C10M2207/122—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms monocarboxylic
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/121—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
- C10M2207/124—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Ethers thereof
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- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/129—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/14—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2207/141—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings monocarboxylic
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/14—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2207/144—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings containing hydroxy groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/14—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2207/146—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membeered aromatic rings having a hydrocarbon substituent of thirty or more carbon atoms
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/18—Tall oil acids
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to lubricating greases and particularly to lubricating greases which contain as thickening agents mixtures of high and low molecular weight metal salts of organic acids.
- the saponifying agent for example sodium hydroxide, forms a sodium furoate along with the usual sodium soap.
- the patent points out that other cyclic acids of comparable molecular weight and structure may be used in lieu of furoic acid. For example, derivatives of thiophene may be used and the salts of other low molecular weight acids having similar properties are contemplated.
- the present invention is based upon the discovery that greases of the general type set forth in said patent may be produced very economically by substituting tall oil for the fatty oils or acids Certain unexpected advantages accrued from such use and constitute a major aspect of the present invention, as will be more fully pointed out hereinafter.
- lubricating greases may be prepared by the same process, the essential difference being that tall oil is used in lieu of conventional fatty acids, the salts of low molecular weight being produced by the Cannizzaro reaction which results when aldehydes such as furfural or thiophene aldehyde, benzaldehyde, and the like, are treated with a strong base such as sodium hydroxide.
- lubricating greases containing the soaps of tall oil are particularly effective in combination with the corresponding salts of the lower cyclic acids, e. g. those containing 4 to about 7 carbon atoms such as furoic acid, thiophene carboxylic acid, benzoic acid, salicylic acid, and the like.
- tall oil soaps may also be combined with other low molecular weight salts than the furoates, e. g. with acrylates, acetates, and other lower aliphatic salts.
- the cyclic or other low molecular weight acid may be added directly to the composition if the Cannizzaro reaction is not desirable, or if the aldehydes are not available.
- the use of the corresponding aldehyde, particularly furfural is justiiied economically as a source of the low molecular weight acid which forms the salt component. because of the availability and cheapness of this material.
- the neutral or substantially neutral salts and soaps are derived from relatively inexpensive aldehyde and the relatively inexpensive tall oil, either as the principal or as the total thickening ingredients, the resulting grease product is quite inexpensive and has very useful properties.
- Tall oil acids or tall oil saponified with sodium hydroxide and dispersed in mineral oil gives greases of low dropping point, undesirably fibrous, and poor oxidation and structural stability.
- Furfural is a widely available and inexpensive material, widely used as a selective solvent in industry.
- Tall oil is a by-product of the paper pulp industry as noted above.
- Another by-product obtained in the sulfate-paper process is sulfate turpentine, a product objectionable for use in lubricants because of its odor and color.
- Trimble, in U. S. Patent 2,310,046, describes the refining of sulfate turpentine simultaneously with crude tall oil by using furfural. Separation of the turpentine and tall oil is accomplished by distillation under reduced pressure. Any furfural remaining in the tall oil, either as the monomer or polymer, may be determined and this residue may be left in the refined tall oil.
- the salts of furoic acid are also produced. Sufficient furfural may be added if needed, to form the required proportions of low molecular weight salts required for the grease.
- tall oil acids Any commercial type of tall oil acids may be employed in carrying out this invention. However, the acids obtained by at least one complete distillation of the crude tall oil are preferred.
- the temperature was next raised by external heating to 400 F. while adding the balance of the mineral oil in small portions.
- the phenyl alpha naphthylamine, used as an antioxidant was added and the grease was drawn into pans for cooling. It could be worked down in the kettle while cooling if desired.
- the cold grease was then homogenized by working in the grease kettle to a smooth, uniform product, after which it was filtered and packaged. This grease contained about 6% sodium furoate and about soda soap of tall oil.
- composition lost its solid consistency and broke down after working in a standard grease worker for 50,000 strokes to a semifluid mass which could be poured.
- Acid value 175.0 Composition (approx.) fatty acids as oleic and linoleic acids per cent 30 Rosis acids do 70 In this example the tall oil was mixed with equal portions of hydrogenated fish oil acids (HydIOfOl Acids 54) Properties of Grease Free alkalinity 0.32% as NaOH. Worked penetration mm./ 10 210. Structural stability Excellent. (Penetration a f t e r 100,000
- the proportions of the various ingredients may be varied over wide limits provided that the ratio between the low molecular weight salt and the soap of tall oil is maintained between predetermined limits.
- a very satisfactory modified soap may be made by using substantially equal parts of saturated fatty acids, such as C12 to C22 hydrogenated fish oil acids, with tall oil.
- saturated fatty acids such as C12 to C22 hydrogenated fish oil acids
- 1 to 3 molar parts of soap should be used with about 1 to 2 molar parts of salt.
- 2 parts of furfural can be used with 3 parts combined fatty acid and/or tall oil.
- tall oil consists essentially of a mixture of rosin acids and oleic acid the soaps which result are partly rosin soaps and partly oleates.
- the total proportions of such soaps may be within the limits of about 5 to 20% by weight, based on the total composition, the salt of low molecular weight acid being in proportions of about 2 to generally speaking.
- Proportions of 3 to 7% salts of cyclic acid (such as furoic acid) combined with 8 to of the soaps of tall oil acids are specifically preferred, the remainder of the composition being lubricating oil.
- the grade of mineral oil may be varied over wide limits as is well-known in the art. It may comprise from about 60 to 93% of the total composition and should be of appropriate lubricating grade for the' lubrication requirements. Its viscosity may be from about S. U. S. to about 150 S. U. S. at 210 F. or about 50 to 1,000 S. U. S. at 100 F. Either naphthenic or paraffinic oils, or mixtures thereof, may be used.
- a lubricating grease composition consisting essentially of lubricating oil thickened to a grease consistency with a combination of 5 to 20% by weight based on the total composition, of the sodium soap of tall oil combined with 2 to 10% of the sodium salt of a low molecular weight cyclic carboxylic acid containing 4 to about '1 carbon atoms.
- composition as in claim 1 wherein the cyclic acid is furoic acid.
- composition as in claim 1 wherein the cyclic acid is thiophene carboxylic acid.
- composition as in claim 1 wherein the salt of low molecular weight acid is a benzoa'te.
- a lubricating grease composition consisting essentially of to 93% by Weight of mineral base lubricating oil, 5 to 20% of a soda soap of tall oil and 2 to 10% of sodium furoate.
- a lubricating grease composition consisting essentially of mineral lubricating oil having a viscosity between 35 and S. U. S. at 210 F., thickened to a grease consistency with a combination of about 15% by weight, based on the total composition, of the soda soap of high molecular weight organic material of the class consisting of higher saturated fatty acids and their esters and tall oil and comprising a substantial proportion of tall oil and about 6% of sodium furoate.
- composition as in claim 6 wherein the nonmetal radical of the high molecular weight soap is composed of substantially equal parts of substantially saturated fatty acids of 12 to 22 carbon atoms and tall oil.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Priority Applications (10)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL73227D NL73227C (xx) | 1948-10-30 | ||
| NL75829D NL75829C (xx) | 1948-10-30 | ||
| NL149599D NL149599C (xx) | 1948-10-30 | ||
| US60615A US2516137A (en) | 1948-10-30 | 1948-11-17 | High-temperature lubricating greases |
| US60616A US2516138A (en) | 1948-10-30 | 1948-11-17 | Use of furfural in grease manufacture |
| US86586A US2576031A (en) | 1948-10-30 | 1949-04-09 | Lubricating grease containing soaps of tall oil |
| GB24741/49A GB669947A (en) | 1948-10-30 | 1949-09-27 | Improvements in or relating to lubricating grease compositions |
| FR998260D FR998260A (fr) | 1948-10-30 | 1949-10-27 | Perfectionnements aux compositions de graisses lubrifiantes |
| DEST150A DE845228C (de) | 1948-10-30 | 1949-11-01 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schmierfetten |
| GB7576/50A GB684697A (en) | 1948-10-30 | 1950-03-27 | Lubricating grease containing soaps of tall oil |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US57565A US2516136A (en) | 1948-10-30 | 1948-10-30 | Lubricating grease compositions |
| US86586A US2576031A (en) | 1948-10-30 | 1949-04-09 | Lubricating grease containing soaps of tall oil |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2576031A true US2576031A (en) | 1951-11-20 |
Family
ID=26736629
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US86586A Expired - Lifetime US2576031A (en) | 1948-10-30 | 1949-04-09 | Lubricating grease containing soaps of tall oil |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2576031A (xx) |
| DE (1) | DE845228C (xx) |
| FR (1) | FR998260A (xx) |
| GB (2) | GB669947A (xx) |
| NL (3) | NL75829C (xx) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2790770A (en) * | 1957-04-30 | Grease composition | ||
| US2801974A (en) * | 1952-12-22 | 1957-08-06 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Grease process utilizing the alkali fusion products of cyclic alcohols |
| US2834732A (en) * | 1954-11-29 | 1958-05-13 | Standard Oil Co | Extreme pressure lubricant |
| US2946748A (en) * | 1956-05-08 | 1960-07-26 | Swift & Co | Liquid hydrocarbon gels and uses thereof |
| US3252906A (en) * | 1963-06-07 | 1966-05-24 | Standard Oil Co | Grease |
| US11760952B2 (en) | 2021-01-12 | 2023-09-19 | Ingevity South Carolina, Llc | Lubricant thickener systems from modified tall oil fatty acids, lubricating compositions, and associated methods |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2182137A (en) * | 1937-02-01 | 1939-12-05 | Shell Dev | Soda soap grease |
| US2444720A (en) * | 1944-10-17 | 1948-07-06 | Shell Dev | Manufacture of lithium base greases |
| US2514286A (en) * | 1947-12-31 | 1950-07-04 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Lubricating grease and method of preparing same |
| US2516137A (en) * | 1948-10-30 | 1950-07-25 | Standard Oil Dev Co | High-temperature lubricating greases |
| US2516136A (en) * | 1948-10-30 | 1950-07-25 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Lubricating grease compositions |
-
0
- NL NL149599D patent/NL149599C/xx active
- NL NL73227D patent/NL73227C/xx active
- NL NL75829D patent/NL75829C/xx active
-
1949
- 1949-04-09 US US86586A patent/US2576031A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1949-09-27 GB GB24741/49A patent/GB669947A/en not_active Expired
- 1949-10-27 FR FR998260D patent/FR998260A/fr not_active Expired
- 1949-11-01 DE DEST150A patent/DE845228C/de not_active Expired
-
1950
- 1950-03-27 GB GB7576/50A patent/GB684697A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2182137A (en) * | 1937-02-01 | 1939-12-05 | Shell Dev | Soda soap grease |
| US2444720A (en) * | 1944-10-17 | 1948-07-06 | Shell Dev | Manufacture of lithium base greases |
| US2514286A (en) * | 1947-12-31 | 1950-07-04 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Lubricating grease and method of preparing same |
| US2516137A (en) * | 1948-10-30 | 1950-07-25 | Standard Oil Dev Co | High-temperature lubricating greases |
| US2516136A (en) * | 1948-10-30 | 1950-07-25 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Lubricating grease compositions |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2790770A (en) * | 1957-04-30 | Grease composition | ||
| US2801974A (en) * | 1952-12-22 | 1957-08-06 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Grease process utilizing the alkali fusion products of cyclic alcohols |
| US2834732A (en) * | 1954-11-29 | 1958-05-13 | Standard Oil Co | Extreme pressure lubricant |
| US2946748A (en) * | 1956-05-08 | 1960-07-26 | Swift & Co | Liquid hydrocarbon gels and uses thereof |
| US3252906A (en) * | 1963-06-07 | 1966-05-24 | Standard Oil Co | Grease |
| US11760952B2 (en) | 2021-01-12 | 2023-09-19 | Ingevity South Carolina, Llc | Lubricant thickener systems from modified tall oil fatty acids, lubricating compositions, and associated methods |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB684697A (en) | 1952-12-24 |
| GB669947A (en) | 1952-04-09 |
| NL149599C (xx) | |
| NL73227C (xx) | |
| NL75829C (xx) | |
| FR998260A (fr) | 1952-01-16 |
| DE845228C (de) | 1952-07-31 |
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