US2554697A - Crusher construction - Google Patents

Description

May 29, 1951 G. E. coNwAY 2,554,697

CRUSHER CONSTRUCTION Filed Feb. 21, 1948 15a ZZJ h F165 22 22 M INVENTOR Y -eaEf'a/m/ Fla@ m Ewq y ATToNY atented May 29 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,554,697 CRUSHER ooNs'fitUofr'IoN George E. onway, Cresskill, N. J. Application rieti-defy 21, 19'48', serial No. 10,029 7 claims. (o1. 24x-94) `This invention relates to Crusher constructions and more particularly is directed to improved jaw crushers having powerful strength yet being of relatively light Weight. A

Among the objects of the invention is to pro'- vide a jaw Crusher construction of the character described which shall comprise few and simple partsv that are readily assembled to provide a strong rugged apparatus which shall be cheap to manufacture, which shall have a high outputca pa'cty with a minimum power requirement, which shall give trouble-proof service, which shall be easy to inspect, maintain and permit quick disa's-v sembly for replacement of parts, whichy shall be eflicient and practical to a high degree in use.

Other objects of this invention will in part be obvious and in part hereinafter pointed out. yThe invention accordingly consists of features of con--V struction, combination of elements and arrange-` ment of parts which will be exemplified in the construction hereinafter described and o'f which the scope of the' application will be` indicated in the following claims.

In the accompanying drawing in which are shown various illustrated embodiments of th'e in`` vention: Y N

Fig. 1 is a cross sectional view taken vertically through a jaw type crusher construction to ein'- body the invention and corresponding t'o' a.' cutv taken on lines I I in Fig. 2,

Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view taken horizon-- tally and corresponding to a cut taken on lines 2-2in Fig. 1,

Figs. 3', 4 and- 5 are fragmentary sectional: views taken on lines 3 3, llt- 4, and 5-5 respectively', in Fig. 1, and

Fig. 6" is a fragmentary side elevational View as seen along lines'I- in Fig'. 2.

Referring in detail to the drawing, I denotes an'improved jaw type crusher constructed to embody the invention having a suitable rotary drive means, such as any conventional prime mover' power source', for example an electricmotor', gas engine or the like (not shown) connected tot'urnhorizontally disposed main power shaft I'I,l or through driving either of spaced apart flywheels I 2 mounted to turn with said` shaft I I`- in' the" well'V understood manner, fiywheels I2 being secured' on opposite' ends of shaft II by suitable means such asia keyway and key I 2a, shown' in Fig. 2. i

Ther main power shaft II is supported' in posi-F tion on a pair of mating frame sldes- I 3 which are* held rigidly together o'n the front or jaw end of the' crusher I0 by a U-shaped tie plate'A I4: having" spaced apart clamping bolts I for retaining bent bracing portions ISa on the front ends of frame side I 3 in contact and for holding Crusher fixed jaw I5' in assembly with said frame bracing portions I3a in most effective position; as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, to take shock and thrust during the crushing operations. y Y r j A Y, Fixed jaw I6 may be made of heavy plate stock and if desired provided with spaced perforations I6a backed by integrally formedbracingrib IGb spaced apart on the rear side to extend there` across', said fixed jaw I6 being mounted to provide spaces IBC' on the rearside thereof communicating with outlet end Ia of the Crusher' IIJ as' is clear from Fig'. 1. vAs seen from Figs. 1 and 3, U-shaped tie plate I I I4 extends aroundthe exterior of the front end of the frame sideskli while said fixed jaw IB which* is also Ushaped, sets on theV interior of saidfiont frame end, fixed jaw I6 being posif tioned'lin inversed Urelation tothe plate I4 with bolts I5 clamping the ends of tie plate |47, and fixed jaw Ii together withvframe portion I 3a extending therebetween to provide a rigid, braced rugged structure, the leading ends of Vframe portions I 3a' bearing against and backing up the center region of fixed jaw I6 for withstanding the severest impact to which the fixed jaw I6 is subjected yet forming thereby a relatively light weight structure. l r r w The' center and rear end of eachmfrarne side I3 maybe provided with outturne'd edge flanges |311' against whichVV a cover plate il is securedy by spaced bolts I'8`f, said cover plateII extending to'v enclose the top` andrear sides of the Crusher YII). Said frameY sidesA I3 may also be provided with outturned base flanges I`3c extending from bottoni edges thereof, said base flanges I 3c being provided with slots or holes I3g for anchoring the Crusher In in position onthe' floor or other support, not shown, in the well understood man? ner.

`To further brace said frame sides I3 assembly, base flange I3c may be inturned at the middle andv rear end thereof to form an angle or rib joint i3dv which extends along the mid-portion' of the bottom side of Crusher IU, said joint I3d being' secured by bolts 13e, as shown in Figs. l and' 5.Y As a further reinforcement and bracing for said fram'e sides I3V the bolted joint I3d may be formed by an upstanding rib extension I3f.

Each' frame side I3 may have integrally formed therewith an outwardly extending bearing cantilever' type of support bracket lh which forms a. recessed holder into which a bearing liner I'9` iS mounted, the latter being of any suitable L-Ilte' 3 friction construction aligned to journal main shaft as is clear from Fig. 2. Suitable caps 20 for retaining the liners I9 and lubricating means such as oil cups 2| therefor are provided as shown in Fig, 6.

A central section ||a of shaft extending between frame sides I3 may be enlarged and made eccentric with respect to the axis of shaft Said section ||a carries a plurality of spaced hinged head ends 22a of swinging crusher jaw 22 suspending the latter in position for cooperation on movement with fixed jaw I6, and an eccentric sleeve 23 is keyed, as at 23a or otherwise secured, to said central section ||a to extend between said swing jaw head ends 22a'asV shown inFigs.1and2.

Swing jaw 22 may be constructed with a front crusher wall 221) which may also have spaced perforations 22e similar in size and shape `,to those provided in fixed jaw |6 and is backed by integrally formed bracing ribs 22d spaced apart in cross relation on the rear side thereof. There also may be provided side wall bracingmember's 22e which terminate in said head"end22a, and an interconnected rear wall 22j convexed or strutted rearwardly to provide a chanber or space 22g between said bracing members 22e and walls 22D and 22j, said space 22g, communieating with said crusher outlet end Illa as is clear from Figs. 1 and 4. The exterior side of said rear wall 221c may have the midportion thereof formed with a rearwardly projecting socket 22h carrying a suitable anti-friction bearing liner 24 for receiving and seating one end 25a of toggle or thrust plate 25.

Mounted for pivoting on eccentric sleeve 23, is one end 26a of a pulling connecting link 2 6, the other end 26h of said link 26 being journalled to swing on hinge pin 2'! terminating upper ends 25a of a fiburcated lever 28. The ylatter has the lower end 28h thereof mounted for oscillation on a fulcrum pin 29, the ends of which extend for support and are secured in frame sides I3 as shown in Figs. l, 2 and 5.

The lever lower end 23h may be made with an integral socket 28e which projects forwardly facing the rear wall socket 22h of said crusher swing jaw 22, said socket 28e carrying a suitable anti-friction bearing liner 3 0 for receiving and seating end 25h of thrust plate 25 opposite end 25a as shown in Fig. 1.

To positively bring the swing jaw 22 into fully retracted position permitted by the thrust plate 25, any suitable resilient means may be provided, as for example, tension spring 3| extending between the swing jaw 22 and the rear end of the crusher, said spring 3| having one end 3|a anchored to said jaw 22, as at 32, and the other end 3|b thereof provided with suitable tension adjusting means such as screw and nut fastening 33, positioned on the rear side portion of cover plate Il as shown in Figs. l and 2.

The practical operation of the invention will now be apparent. With crusher constructed as above described and assembled as shown in Figs. l and 2, rotary power applied to main shaft H in any conventional manner as by means of ywheels I2 or otherwise, will start the swinging crusher jaw 22 to oscillate in a general up and down direction and toward and away from the fixed jaw Iii, this motion being due to the provision of eccentricity in shaft section ||a with respect to main shaft I I and the hinged connection of swinging jaw head ends 22a thereon, and the angular disposition of said swinging crusher 4 jaw 22 with respect to the fixed jaw I6, as is clear from Fig. l.

Simultaneously, pull connecting link 26 is actuated horizontally to and fro due to the additional eccentricity in sleeve 23 and the pivotal connection of link end 26a thereon. The other link end 26h is thus caused to oscillate on hinge pin 2l carried on the free upper end 28a of bifurcated lever 28, and the latter is thereby rocked on fulcrum pin 29'so that the thrust or toggle plate 25 which is interposed between the lower lever end 28a and the bracing rear jaw wall 22j transmits the thrust or crushing power from the main shaft and ywheels I2 to the lower swinging portion of jaw 22 when the latter moves in a forward effective stroke, that is, in the direction of the xed jaw |6.

The spring 3|, as seen from Fig. 1, resiliently retracts the swinging jaw 22 for the return stroke of the swinging jaw 22 in the direction away from the fixed jaw I6.

With the crusher I0 thus operating, material M which requires crushing is dumped into hopper inlet |0b and passes between fixed jaw I6 and swinging jaw 22. Highly improved effective breaking and crumbling .of material M takes place in crusher |0 due to the elliptical path travelled by the swinging jaw 22 with respect to the fixed jaw I6, said material M tending to be churnegd and pushed downwardly toward outlet Ia crushed and cracked into size of pieces desired. The eccentricities of shaft section Ila and sleeve 23 relative positions with respect to the main shaft predetermine the vertical axis of the elliptical path taken by swinging jaw 22 which is relatively short as compared with the horizontal axis of said path, the latter with relation to the passage of material M resulting to minimize the wear on the jaw surfaces contacting material M serves to accelerate the passage of said material M through the crusher I0.

This improved operation of crusher ID economizes in the power requirement for an increased output obtained, and is achieved by providing the effective pinch stroke of the swinging jaw 22 through the improved linkage and lever construction described above and in a manner to entirely eliminate movement or lifting of heavy parts and only utilizing such movement bearing directly on material M during the crushing operation.

The improved crusher I0 thus is seen to include a power shaft construction formed with doubleV eccentric means having a small throw for the head end 22a of the swinging jaw 22 and a balanced larger throw which through pulling link 26 and bifurcated lever 28 transmits tremendous force through thrust plate 25 to the swinging jaw 22 for 'shattering material M lodged between said jaws |6 and 23 and also'acting as an agitator to feed the crushed material M down therebetween to outlet Illa.

It is to be understood that where a cheap construction is desired crusher I0 may be made to operate without eccentric shaft section ||a in which case sleeve 23, or its equivalent, that is, a shaft section made' to correspond thereto, alone provides movement for the swinging jaw.

In using the improved crusher l0 on many frangible materials M, such as rock salt, cinders, etc., increased output may be obtained by providing swinging jaw 22 and fixed jaw I6 with the spaced perforations 22e and |6a, respectively, and if desired, the face side of said jaws 22 and I6 may be tted with suitable heavy screen surlstige;

face layers 35 and 36; respectively, which limit the 'maximum size of the crushed material M that can by-pass the effective jawcrushin'g operations, in which case the by-passing` crushed material M, as seen from Fig. 1 is' screened through layers 35 and 36, pass through perforations 22e and Ilia, respectively, into said spaces 22g and IBc, and then merge at outlet Ia'with the main body of crushed material M which has passed between the jaws 22 and I6.

The invention embodied in the improved crusher I 0 above described and shown in the drawing, embodies constructions that can .be utilized not only: for giving improved general crushing service but may also bel adapted Vfor medium or light work especially for use onl .hard frangible materials such asrock salt, cin'ders-` and coal.

It is therefore seen that there is provided an improved crusher construction in which the several objects of the invention are achieved and which are well adapted to meet the conditions of practical use. As various other possible embodiments may be made in the above invention, and as various changes may be made in the embodiments above set forth, it is to be understood that all matters herein set forth and shown in the accompanying drawings are to be interpreted as illustrative and not in a' limiting sense.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In a crusher construction of the character described, a frame carrying a fixed jaw and a drive-shaft spaced therefrom, a movable jaw swingably suspendedY by one end thereof from the drive-shaft in cooperative position with respect to the xed jaw, said drive-shaft having an eccentric section, a pulling link having one end directly connected for actuation by said drive-shaft eccentric section, a lever mounted for oscillation from said frame having a free end pivotally connected with the other end of the pulling link, means including a thrust plate for 'transmitting power to the movable jaw at a spaced distance from the drive-shaft in the direction of the fixed jaw through movement of said lever in pulling action by said link, resilient means for swingably retracting the movable jaw in adirection away from the fixed jaw, and an additional eccentric means carried by drive-shaft for actuation said movable jaw end simultaneously with the actuation of the pulling link by said drive-shaft eccentric section to swing said movable jaw in an elliptical path tending to churn and push material being crushed between said jaws through the crusher.

2. In a crusher construction of the character described, frame mating sides formed with a middle and rear end, front ends of said sides being provided with inturned bracing portions, a U-shaped tie plate extending about the exterior of said front ends for retaining said inturned frame front end portions in contact, a xed jaw positioned against said contacting frame front end portions for reinforcing the xed jaw against shock and thrust during crushing operations, said middle and rear ends of the frame mating sides being inturned along a bottom side of the frame, means for rigidly securing said inturned middle and rear ends to form a rib joint for bracing the frame sides structural assembly thereat, said xed jaw being U-shaped and positioned in inverted U-relation with respect to said tie plate for setting on the interior of said frame front ends, and means for securing said tie plate to the xed jaw with said frame ends extending therebetween to provide a rigid rugged structure at said front ends.

3. In a crusher construction of the character described, a frame carrying a fixed `iaw and a drive-shaft spaced therefrom, a movable jaw swingably suspended by one end thereof from the drive-shaft in cooperative position with respect to the fixed jaw, said drive-shaft having an eccentric section, a pulling link having one end directlyV connected for actuation by said driveshaft eccentric section, a lever mounted for oscillation from said frame having a free end pivotally connected with the other end of the pulling link, means including a thrust plate for transmitting power to the movable jaw at a spaced distance from the drive-shaft in the direction of the iixed jaw through movement of said lever in pulling action by said link, resilient means for swingably retracting the movable jaw in a direction away from the xed jaw, said frame being formedv with mating sides having middle, rear and front ends, the front ends being inturned to provide bracing portions, a U-shaped tie plate extending about the exterior of said front ends for retaining said inturned frame portions in contact to bear against said xed jaw for reinforcing the latter against shock and thrust during crushing operations, said middle and rear ends of the frame mating sides being inturned along a bottom side of said frame, means for rigidly securing said inturned middle and rear ends to form a rib joint for bracing the frame sides structural assembly thereat, said xed jaw being U-shaped and positioned in inverted U-relation with respect to said tie plate for setting on the interior of said frame front ends, and means for securing the tie plate to the xed jaw with frame ends therebetween to provide a rugged structure at said front ends, said xed jaw having a perforated midportion so constructed and arranged in position with respect to said front ends to provide space on the rear side of said fixed jaw communicating with an outlet for the crushed material.

4. In a crusher construction of the character described, a frame carrying a iixed jaw and a drive-shaft spaced therefrom, a movable jaw swingably suspended by one end thereof from the drive-shaft in cooperative position with respect to the fixed jaw, said drive-shaft having an eccentric section, a pulling link having one end directly connected for actuation by said' drive-shaft accentric section, a lever mounted for oscillation from said frame having free end pivotally connected with the other end of the pulling link, means including a thrust plate for transmitting power to the movable jaw at a spaced distance from the drive-shaft in the direction of the fixed jaw through movement of said lever in pulling action by said link, resilient means for swingably retracting the movable jaw in a direction away from the fixed jaw, said movable jaw having a perforated front crusher wall, spaced apart side walls terminating in said suspended movable jaw end, a rear wall spaced from and interconnecting with said front and side walls to provide a chamber between said front and rear walls communicating with a common outlet for the crushed material, said rear wall formed to extend in convex relation with respect to said front wall, and means on the exterior side of the rear wall at a spaced distance from the suspended movable jaw end for pivotally supporting an end of said thrust plate.

5. In a crusher construction of the character esta??? described, a frame carrying a fixed jaw and a drive-shaft spaced therefrom, a mov`able"jaw swing'ablysuspended by one end thereof from the drive-shaft in cooperative position'with respect 'to the fixed jaw, saiddrive-shaft having an eccentric section, a pulling link having one' end directly connected for actuation by said drive# shaft eccentric section, a lever mounted foroscillation from said frame having a free end pivotally connected with the other end ofthe pulling link, means including a thrust plate for transe mitting power to the movable jaw at a spaced distance from the drive-shaft in the direction of the xed jaw through movement of said lever in pulling action by said link, resilient means for lswingably retracting the movable jaw in a direc-v tion away from the xed jaw, said frame being formed with mating sides having' middle, rear and front ends, the front ends being intrned to provide bracing portions, a U-shaped tie plate extending about the exterior of said front ends for retaining said inturned frame portions vin contact to bear against said Xed jaw `for'rein' forcing the latter against shock and thrust during crushing operations, said middle and rear ends of the frame mating sides being inturned along a bottom side oi the frame, means for rigidly securing said inturned middle and rear ends to form a ribr joint for bracing the frame sides structural assembly thereat, said fixed jaw beingv U-shaped and positioned in inverted U-relation with respect to said tie plate for setting onthe interior of said frame front ends, means securing the tie plate to the xed jaw with said frame ends therebetween to provide a rugged structure at said front ends, said xed jaw having 'a perforated midportion so constructed and' arranged in position with respect to said'front endsl 'to provide space on the' rear side of saidxed'jaw communicating with an 'outlet for the crushed material, said movable jaw having a perforated front crusher wall, spaced apart side walls termi'- nating in said suspended'rnovable jaw end, a rear wall spaced from and interconnecting with said front wall to provide a chamber between said front and rear walls communicating with said outlet for the crushed material, said rear wall formed to extend in convex relation with respect to said front wall, and means on the exterior side of the rear wall at a spaced distance from the suspended movable jaw end for pivotally supporting an end of said thrust plate.

6. In a crushe;` construction of the character described aS defined 11i Gianni in which thedriveshaft' 'carries an additional eccentric means for actuating said movable 'jaw end simultaneously witHthe actuation of the pulling link by drive"- s'h'aft eccentric section toswing said movable jaw in anv elliptical path tending to churn and push fnaterial being crushed between said jaws through the crusher, vsaid xed and movable jaws having crusler walls formed with through-perforations so constructed andarranged to provide passages outlet for the crushed communicating 'with common outlet of the `cruslier construction.

` 7.'"n` aI crusher construction of the character described as dened in claim 2 in which said fixed jaw 'U-shaped and positioned in inverted Ulrelatio'rji with respect to said tie plate for settin'g'in thel interior of 'said frame front Iends, Yand means for securing the tie plate to the iixed jaw with said frame ends therebetween to provide a' rugged structure at said front ends, said iixedjaw having a perforated midportion vso constructedl and arranged in position with respect to said front ends to'provide space on the rear side of said fixed jaw communicating with an material.

GEORGE E. CONWAY.

REFERENCES CITED UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date '129,784 .Brown July 23, 1872 591,891 Skinner Oct. 17, 189'7 304,201 Blake Nov. 14, 1905 885,717 Brown Apr. 28, 1908 892,861 Lloyd July 7, 1908 40 1,016,340 Leighton Feb. 6, 1912 1,254,192 Bartleyy Jan. 22, 1918 1,309,807 Newhouse July 15, 1919 1,513,855 Phelps Nov. 24, 1924 1,987,360 Buchanan Jan. 8, 1935 2,044,653 Wettlaufer June 16, 1936 2,125,666 Buchanan Aug. 2, 1938 2,173,862 Rowe Sept. 26, 1939 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 201,412 Great Britain Aug. 2, 1923 599,274 France Jan. 8, 1926

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