US2546525A - Alloy for use as a pot or container for molten light metals - Google Patents
Alloy for use as a pot or container for molten light metals Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2546525A US2546525A US138272A US13827250A US2546525A US 2546525 A US2546525 A US 2546525A US 138272 A US138272 A US 138272A US 13827250 A US13827250 A US 13827250A US 2546525 A US2546525 A US 2546525A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- alloy
- zirconium
- manganese
- container
- silicon
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 22
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title description 22
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title description 13
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 title description 7
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000914 Mn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- XCNJCXWPYFLAGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium manganese Chemical compound [Cr].[Mn].[Mn].[Mn] XCNJCXWPYFLAGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 8
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical group [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- UVGLBOPDEUYYCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon zirconium Chemical compound [Si].[Zr] UVGLBOPDEUYYCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004901 spalling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/38—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
Definitions
- Another object has been to provide a workable alloy which has a good corrosion resistance to molten magnesium, a superior oxidation resistance, and will hold its scale after being heated and cooled.
- an alloy that is relatively inexpensive, that has a better refined grain structure, and that has an increased corrosion resistance. It has superior oxidation resistance to about 1800 F. and thus fully fills the need for containers, boxes or pots of the type here involved.
- the alloy may be made within the following composition:
- An optimum alloy contains:
- the silicon and zirconium are particularly critical in their proportioning. Rolling difficulties are encountered if the zirconium istoo high and also too much silicon would be required, producing an unbalanced composition. Phosphorus and silicon may be present in normal amounts as incidental impurities.
- zirconium did not convey any valuable properties to an alloy of the type here involved and had a tendency to increase melting difiiculties and unsoundness.
- a proper proportioning of the silicon and zirconium provides maximum corrosion resistance.
- zirconium normally has poor solubility and difficulty is encountered in obtaining its uniform distribution in a melt, resulting in a low yield of about 10 to 20%, we have overcome this difiiculty by adding zirconium and for optimum results, ferro zirconium silicon, in a ferrous metal container or box to a melt or bath of the principal metal alloying elements. A rod is attached to the container for inserting the latter into the melt.
- An improved chromium-manganese alloy which contains up to about .25% maximum carbon, about 8 to 15% chromium, about 19 to 24% manganese, about 1 to 2.5% silicon, about .5 to 2% zirconium, and the remainder substantially 1 3 iron with incidental impurities, the alloy being characterized by its superior oxidation resistance.
- An improved chromium-manganese alloy which contains up to about .25% maximum carbon, about 8 to 15% chromium, about 19 to 24% manganese, about 1 to 2.5% silicon, and about .5 to 2% zirconium in a fully diffused state therein as effected by introducing it directl and underneath the surface of a melt made up of the above specified principal metal alloying elements, and the remainder substantially iron with incidental impurities, the alloy being characterized by its superior oxidation resistance.
- An improved chromium-manganese alloy which contains up to about .25% carbon, about 8 to 15% chromium, about 19 to 24% manganese, about 1 to 2.5% silicon, about .5 to 2% zirconium, and the remainder iron with incidental impurities, the alloy being characterized by its superior oxidation resistance.
- An improved chromium-manganese alloy which contains about .08 to .15% carbon, about 9 to 12% chromium, about 19 to 24% manganese, about 1 to 2% silicon, about .5 to 1 zirconium, and the remainder substantially iron with incidental impurities, the alloy being characterized by its superior oxidation resistance.
- An improved chromium-manganese alloy which contains about .08 ,to .15% carbon, about 9 to 12% chromium, about 19 to 24% manganese, about 1 to 2% silicon, about .5 to 1% zirconium, and the remainder iron with incidental impurities, the alloy being characterized by its superior oxidation resistance. 7
- An improved chromium-manganese alloy 4 which contains about .08 to .15% carbon, about 10 to 12% chromium, about 19 to 20% manganese, about 1.5 to 2% silicon, and about .5 to 1% zirconium, and the remainder substantiall iron with incidental impurities, the alloy being characteriz'ed by its superior oxidation resistance.
- An improved chromium-manganese alloy which contains about .08 to .15% carbon, about 10% chromium, about 20% manganese, about 2% silicon, about .5 to 1% zirconium in a fully diffused state therein, and the remainder substantially iron with incidental impurities, the alloy being characterized by its superior oxidation resistance.
- An improved chromium-manganese alloy which contains, about .08 to .15% carbon, about to 12% chromium, about 19 to 20% manganese, about 1.5 to 2% silicon, about .5 to 1% zirconium, and the remainder iron with incidental impurities, the alloy being characterized by its superior oxidation resistance.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Description
Patented Mar. 27, 1951 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ALLOY FOR USE AS A POT OR CONTAINER FOR MOLTEN LIGHT METALS Claude M. Sheridan, New Kensington, and Theodore A. Pruger, Creighton, Pa., assignors to Allegheny Ludlum Steel Corporation, Brackenridge, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania N Drawing. Application January 12, 1950, Serial No. 138,272
Claims.
etc. must have special properties if they are to be successfully employed in handling such metals. Pots for this purpose have heretofore had a relatively short period of life. Such light metals in a molten state normally tend to pass through a nickel bearing heat resistant box, thus an alloy is needed that will be resistant to penetration and damage by the light metals being handled. Oxidation resistance is needed to prevent spalling; heretofore, it has been necessary to periodically spray a protective coating on the pots for this purpose. We have determined that an alloy used for this purpose must have a superior oxidation resistance, if it is to have a reasonable period of useful life.
It has thus been an object of our invention to provide an alloy having superior oxidation resistance which may be employed in providing pots for molten light metals;
Another object has been to provide a workable alloy which has a good corrosion resistance to molten magnesium, a superior oxidation resistance, and will hold its scale after being heated and cooled.
In accordance with our invention, we have provided an alloy that is relatively inexpensive, that has a better refined grain structure, and that has an increased corrosion resistance. It has superior oxidation resistance to about 1800 F. and thus fully fills the need for containers, boxes or pots of the type here involved. The alloy may be made within the following composition:
C, .08 to .15% Cr, 9 to 12% Mn, 19 to 24% Si, 1 to 2% Zr, .5 to 1% Somewhat wider ranges may be employed while retaining oxidation resistance and other good characteristics, as indicated from the following composition:
C, up to .25% max. Cr, 8 to 15% Mn, 19 to 24% Si, 1 to 2.5% Zr, .5 to 2% Remainder substantially all iron with incidental impurities.
An optimum alloy contains:
C, .08 to .15%
Cr, 10 to 12% (best about 10%) Mn, 19 to 20% (best about 20%) Si, 1.5 to 2% (best about 2%) Zr, .5 to 1% In the alloy of our invention, the silicon and zirconium are particularly critical in their proportioning. Rolling difficulties are encountered if the zirconium istoo high and also too much silicon would be required, producing an unbalanced composition. Phosphorus and silicon may be present in normal amounts as incidental impurities.
Heretofore it has been believed that zirconium did not convey any valuable properties to an alloy of the type here involved and had a tendency to increase melting difiiculties and unsoundness. We have discovered that a proper proportioning of the silicon and zirconium provides maximum corrosion resistance. Although zirconium normally has poor solubility and difficulty is encountered in obtaining its uniform distribution in a melt, resulting in a low yield of about 10 to 20%, we have overcome this difiiculty by adding zirconium and for optimum results, ferro zirconium silicon, in a ferrous metal container or box to a melt or bath of the principal metal alloying elements. A rod is attached to the container for inserting the latter into the melt. We use a relatively thin-walled ferrous metal (steel) can or enclosed container that will melt in the bath and which does not have to be hermetically sealed. After the principal metal elements have been melted down, the slag is scraped off the surface of the melt and the container is then introduced and held under the surface of the molten metal until the container melts off the rod. At this time, the zirconium attains a full diffusion through the melt. The container permits the zirconium to be heated up before it enters the melt and in addition, the ferrous metal, itself, appears to further aid the diffusion of the zirconium. In this Way, we obtain a 40 to 45% yield and a fully uniform distribution (full diffusion) of the zirconium, eliminating segregation, improving the workability of the alloy, etc.
What we claim is:
1. An improved chromium-manganese alloy which contains up to about .25% maximum carbon, about 8 to 15% chromium, about 19 to 24% manganese, about 1 to 2.5% silicon, about .5 to 2% zirconium, and the remainder substantially 1 3 iron with incidental impurities, the alloy being characterized by its superior oxidation resistance.
2. An alloy as defined in claim 1 wherein, the zirconium is fully dissolved within and uniformly distributed throughoutit.
3. An improved chromium-manganese alloy which contains up to about .25% maximum carbon, about 8 to 15% chromium, about 19 to 24% manganese, about 1 to 2.5% silicon, and about .5 to 2% zirconium in a fully diffused state therein as effected by introducing it directl and underneath the surface of a melt made up of the above specified principal metal alloying elements, and the remainder substantially iron with incidental impurities, the alloy being characterized by its superior oxidation resistance.
4. An improved chromium-manganese alloy which contains up to about .25% carbon, about 8 to 15% chromium, about 19 to 24% manganese, about 1 to 2.5% silicon, about .5 to 2% zirconium, and the remainder iron with incidental impurities, the alloy being characterized by its superior oxidation resistance.
5. An improved chromium-manganese alloy which contains about .08 to .15% carbon, about 9 to 12% chromium, about 19 to 24% manganese, about 1 to 2% silicon, about .5 to 1 zirconium, and the remainder substantially iron with incidental impurities, the alloy being characterized by its superior oxidation resistance.
6. An alloy as defined in claim having the additional characteristic of good workability and whose superior oxidation resistance is retained up to 1800 F.
'7. An improved chromium-manganese alloy which contains about .08 ,to .15% carbon, about 9 to 12% chromium, about 19 to 24% manganese, about 1 to 2% silicon, about .5 to 1% zirconium, and the remainder iron with incidental impurities, the alloy being characterized by its superior oxidation resistance. 7
8. An improved chromium-manganese alloy 4 which contains about .08 to .15% carbon, about 10 to 12% chromium, about 19 to 20% manganese, about 1.5 to 2% silicon, and about .5 to 1% zirconium, and the remainder substantiall iron with incidental impurities, the alloy being characteriz'ed by its superior oxidation resistance.
9. An improved chromium-manganese alloy which contains about .08 to .15% carbon, about 10% chromium, about 20% manganese, about 2% silicon, about .5 to 1% zirconium in a fully diffused state therein, and the remainder substantially iron with incidental impurities, the alloy being characterized by its superior oxidation resistance.
10. An improved chromium-manganese alloy which contains, about .08 to .15% carbon, about to 12% chromium, about 19 to 20% manganese, about 1.5 to 2% silicon, about .5 to 1% zirconium, and the remainder iron with incidental impurities, the alloy being characterized by its superior oxidation resistance.
CLAUDE M. SHERIDAN. THEODORE A. PRUGER.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record, in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 887,648 Kemery May 12, 1908 2,190,486 Sohafmeister 1 Feb. 13, 1940 2,283,299 Tisdale May 19, 1942 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 595,404 Great Britain Dec. 4, 1937 OTHER REFERENCES Metals Handbook, 1948 edition, pages 327 and 328. Published in 1948 by the American Society for Metals, Cleveland, Ohio.
Claims (1)
1. AN IMPROVED CHROMIUM-MANGANESE ALLOY WHICH CONTAINS UP TO ABOUT .25% MAXIMUM CARBON, ABOUT 8 TO 15% SILICON, ABOUT .5 TO MANGANESE, ABOUT 1 TO 2.5% SILICON, ABOUT .5 TO 2% ZIRCONIUM , AND THE REMAINDER SUBSTANTIALLY IRON WITH INCIDENTAL IMPURITIES, THE ALLOY BEING CHARACTERIZED BY ITS SUPERIOR OXIDATION RESISTANCE.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US138272A US2546525A (en) | 1950-01-12 | 1950-01-12 | Alloy for use as a pot or container for molten light metals |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US138272A US2546525A (en) | 1950-01-12 | 1950-01-12 | Alloy for use as a pot or container for molten light metals |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2546525A true US2546525A (en) | 1951-03-27 |
Family
ID=22481272
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US138272A Expired - Lifetime US2546525A (en) | 1950-01-12 | 1950-01-12 | Alloy for use as a pot or container for molten light metals |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2546525A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4028098A (en) * | 1973-03-06 | 1977-06-07 | Mannesmann Aktiengesellschaft | Cryogenic steel |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US887648A (en) * | 1907-03-28 | 1908-05-12 | Philo Kemery | Process of alloying tungstein, molybdenum, &c., with iron and steel. |
| US2190486A (en) * | 1930-07-21 | 1940-02-13 | Krupp Nirosta Co Inc | Austenitic chromium nickel steel alloy |
| US2283299A (en) * | 1940-07-31 | 1942-05-19 | Molybdenum Corp | Manufacture of steel |
| GB595404A (en) * | 1943-12-08 | 1947-12-04 | Electro Metallurg Co | Improvements in melting and handling magnesium and magnesium base alloys |
-
1950
- 1950-01-12 US US138272A patent/US2546525A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US887648A (en) * | 1907-03-28 | 1908-05-12 | Philo Kemery | Process of alloying tungstein, molybdenum, &c., with iron and steel. |
| US2190486A (en) * | 1930-07-21 | 1940-02-13 | Krupp Nirosta Co Inc | Austenitic chromium nickel steel alloy |
| US2283299A (en) * | 1940-07-31 | 1942-05-19 | Molybdenum Corp | Manufacture of steel |
| GB595404A (en) * | 1943-12-08 | 1947-12-04 | Electro Metallurg Co | Improvements in melting and handling magnesium and magnesium base alloys |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4028098A (en) * | 1973-03-06 | 1977-06-07 | Mannesmann Aktiengesellschaft | Cryogenic steel |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4140555A (en) | Nickel-base casting superalloys | |
| US3366478A (en) | Cobalt-base sheet alloy | |
| US3059326A (en) | Oxidation resistant and ductile iron base aluminum alloys | |
| US3807991A (en) | Ferritic stainless steel alloy | |
| JPS649387B2 (en) | ||
| US2253502A (en) | Malleable iron | |
| US2546525A (en) | Alloy for use as a pot or container for molten light metals | |
| US3375105A (en) | Method for the production of fine grained steel | |
| US3685986A (en) | Mixture for protecting surface of metal in process of casting | |
| US3816111A (en) | Chromium-base alloy for making a chill-mold and a process of making same | |
| US2743175A (en) | Precision casting alloy | |
| US3107997A (en) | Unfired pressure vessel | |
| US3192073A (en) | Method of making oxidation resistant and ductile iron base aluminum alloys | |
| US3615278A (en) | Enameling grade steel and method of producing the same | |
| US3969160A (en) | High-strength ductile uranium alloy | |
| US3068094A (en) | Alloy of iron, aluminum, and chromium | |
| US2944890A (en) | Aluminum bronze alloy having improved wear resistance by the addition of cobalt and chromium | |
| US2238160A (en) | Method of making nickel-chromium alloys | |
| US3392013A (en) | Cast iron composition and process for making | |
| US2121057A (en) | Arsenic iron alloy | |
| US2467701A (en) | Heat-resistant low alloy steels | |
| US3113019A (en) | Nodular iron production | |
| US3770396A (en) | Composite metal article | |
| US3864123A (en) | Process of Producing Manganese Cast Steel on High Impact Strength | |
| US3540882A (en) | Metal refining agent consisting of al-mn-ca alloy |