US2525852A - Composite weld rod - Google Patents

Description

0d- 17 1950 L.. M. BARBE-BOUJouRs 2,525,352

Nw EJ /w w E m u m m m W w /J COMPOSITE WELDROD med April 15. 194s Patented Oct. 17, 1,950

COMPOSITE WELD ROD Ludovico Morlon Barbe-Bonjours,

Vigo-Espineiro, Spain Application April 15, 1948, Serial No; 21,206 In Spain April 22,1947 y This invention relates to a new and improved combination arc-welding electrode.

This combination electrode has a main electrode, which is the usual rod or'wire.y Said main electrode may have an axial space which is lled with a core of fusible metal or metals, in order to deposit an alloy of the material of the main electrode and of the core.

.This main electrode is surrounded by an auxillaryr electrode, which is a helix. The upper or outer end of this helix is conductively connected to said main electrode. Below this conductive f 3 claims. (o1. 21a-s) connection, the helix is insulated from said main electrode. n

Other features of the invention are disclosed in the annexed descriptoin and diagrammatic drawings.

Fig. 1 is an elevation which shows the improved electrode applied tothe work, and the result of the formation of the arc. Y

Fig. 2 is an elevation of the combination electrode. j j

Fig. 3 isa plan view of Fig. 2. v y

The main electrode is a rod I, which is made of steel. In this embodiment, the main rod electrode I has an axial passage', which has a core of alloying material, such as copper or ferrosilicon.

The arc is formedv atthe lower end of the combination electrode. Said combination electrode includes a helical strip 4, which is made of copper, aluminum or other suitable material.

A sleeve 3 is xed to the outer longitudinal face of rod I. This sleeve 3 is made of material which is insulating and which is fused in the arc zone.

Said sleeve 3 is a composition of silica and bases,

end of rod I. The rod I extends above the top of` sleeve 3. The strip 4 'is fixed conductively to rod I, above the top of sleeve' 3.

Below the conductive connection of strip 4 to rod I, said strip 4 is enclosed by a surface sleeve 5, which is made of a silica-calcium fluoride composition. 'f

When the arc is struck between the tip of this combination electrode and the work-piece 8, said arc is struck initially between the rod I and its core, because the bottom end of rstrip 4 is protected by the sleeves 3 and 5.

As shown in Fig. 1, the heat of thearc forms a space 6` within the outer sleeve 5, in which the molten metal of rod I and its core fall in the form of drops on the work-piece 8, thus protecting said molten metal from oxidation. As also shown in Fig. l, the heat of the arc fuses the lower part of sleeve 3, thus exposing the bottom end of strip 4. The -molten material of sleeve 3 produces a protective outer layer 1, which also protects the fused metal in space 8 from oxidation. Due to its more refractory composition, the lower end of outer sleeve 5 remains unfused for a time, while the rod I and its core and the sleeve 3 are fused in the arc zone.

As soon as the lower part of sleeve 3 is'fused, the welding current flows in parallel through rod I and strip 4, so that the arc is struck through strip 4. This action will be delayed, because rod I and its core are more easily fused than sleeve 3.

The core has the lowest fusing temperature.

When the welding current flows through strip 4, such current generates substantial heat, which aids in fusing the material ofr rod I and its core.

If the height of the protective space 6 becomes too great, thus resultingA in the breaking of the aro between the work-piece 8 and. rod I and its core, the arc ismaintained by strip 4, thus providing enough heatv to cause drops of molten metal toy fall from rodk I and its core. If the strip 4 is made of aluminum, it acts as a deoxidizing agent, and the oxidation ofthe aluminum provides additlonalvheat in the arc zone.

With an electrode of the type indicated and in service, a voltaic arc with Joule effects will be developed during the welding operation. This is brought about by the fact that inasmuch as the core I and spiral 4 are insulated from each other by liner 3, the current supply to the arc is of parallel type with these paths both leading to the arc zone, but insulated above such zone. As a result, a particular type of welding action will develop. This will be understoody from the following: l

Both the core vI and the metallic strip 4 are connected with the current supply and both reachv 'to the arcing zone, but the two are insulated from eachother by the liner 3, except in the arcing zone. Hence,v during welding activity, current ,will flow in both paths with the iiow throughthe core causing fusion ofthe latter within the arc ing during the operation, since fusing of the core inherently increases the length of the arc.

When this distance becomes sufficiently great as to affect the discharge of current, current ow through the core ceases, and the entire current supply passes to strip il, causing the latter to become highly heated, a condition which acts to begin fusing action on the covering and the liner in the end zone of the electrode. With the fusion of covering and liner the electrode lowers, thus decreasing the distance between core and welding point and again establishing a circuit path through the core and restoring the welding arc conditions.

Strip 4 thus serves as a control for regulating the length of the welding arc. When forced to form the sole current path, it becomes the agency for fusing the liner and covering to the extent needed to restore the normal arc conditions, and during the fusing action a corresponding length of the strip is fused, thus enabling the electrode to lower to restore the arc conditions. Hence, the electrode advance is more or less by stage development and is produced through the effects set up by the cycle which rst breaks the core path to affect the arc, then fuses the covering and liner through strip action activity tc lower the electrode and again complete the arc, the sequence being developed each time the arc is affected, the latter timing the development start, the sequence proceeding through the cycle in regular development, thus creating the v-oltaic arc conditions with Joule effects.

A number of advantages accrue by the use of the invention. For instance, the metallic spiral 4 regulates, by Joule effects, the length of the arc, permitting the melting of the core to take place within a covering cone, the latter being provided by the covering 5 and the inner lining 3, these sealing the working arc from the atmosphere so that the fusion or melting action during welding are produced under the perfect conditions of insulation from any atmospheric gases. Hence, the conditions of furnace melting are being set up. In addition, it avoids the need of large quantities of clinker or slag to produce such insulation, the technique usually employed, with lconsequent need for manually knocking the welding and subjecting the material to alternate heating and cooling with consequent damage.

Since strip 4 is insulated from the core and peripherally surrounds the latter, the strip becomes active, especially when forming the sole current path, in developing an induced current in the core which tends to oppose the constitution of the arc, tending to delay the later, thereby making possible the heating of edges of the work piece and producing a homogeneous dissolution characteristic between the contributing and base metals which are providing the weld, as well as assuring the fusing of the covering and liner in the end zone of the electrode.

I claim:

1. A combination arc-welding electrode, said combination electrode comprising a metallic electrode rod which is fusible at arc temperature, said rod having a longitudinal axis and an arcforming tip, a longitudinal sleeve of heat-insulating and electrical-insulating material which is fusible at arc temperature, said sleeve being fixed to the outer longitudinal face of said rod and extending substantially to said arc-forming tip, a metallic helix which has spaced turns, one end of said metallic helix extending substantially to said arc-forming tip, said helix being fusible at arc temperature, said helix being longitudinal and being mounted on the outer longitudinal face of said sleeve, the other end of said helix being conductively fixed to said rod rearwardly of said arc-forming tip, another longitudinal sleeve made of heat insulating and electrical-insulating material which is fusible at arc temperature, said last-mentioned sleeve being mounted longitudinally on the outer face of said helix and extending substantially to said arc-forming tip, said first-mentioned sleeve having a higher melting point than said rod and said helix, said secondmentioned sleeve having a melting point which is sufficiently higher than the melting point of said first-mentioned sleeve to maintain said second-mentioned sleeve temporarily unfused at said arc-forming tip when said rod and said firstmentioned sleeve and said helix are fused at said arc-forming tip, said second-mentioned sleeve prov'ding an enclosure which extends forwardly in the arc zone of said rod and said helix and said first-mentioned sleeve during the operation of the arc.

2. A combination arc-welding electrode, said combination electrode comprising a metallic electrode rod which is fusible at arc temperature, said rod having a longitudinal axis and an arcforming tip, a longitudinal sleeve of heat-insulating and electrical-insulating material which is fusible at arc temperature, said sleeve being fixed to the outer longitudinal face of said rod and extending substantially to said arc-forming tip, a metallic helix which has spaced turns, one end of said metallic helix extending substantially to said arc-forming tip, said helix being fusible at arc temperature, said helix being longitudinal and being mounted on the outer longitudinal face of said sleeve, the other end of said helix being conductively xed to said rod rearwardly of said arc-forming tip, anotherlongitudinal sleeve made of heat insulating and electrical-insulating material which is fusible at arc temperature, said last-mentioned sleeve being mounted longitudinally on the outer face of sad helix and extending substantially to said arc-forming tip, said first-mentioned sleeve having a higher melting point than said rod and said helix, said secondmentioned sleeve having a melting point which is sufficiently higher than the melting point of said first-mentioned sleeve to maintain said second-mentioned sleeve temporarily unfused at said arc-forming tip when sad rod and said firstmentioned sleeve and said helix are fused at said aro-forming tip, said second-mentioned sleeve providing an enclosure which extends forwardly in thearc zone of said rod and said helx and said first-mentioned sleeve during the operation of the arc, said electrode rod being oxidizable in the fused state, said helix being made 0f metal which is a deoxidizing agent in the fused state.

3. A combination arc-welding electrode, said combination electrode comprising a metallic electrode rod which is fusible at arc temperature, said rod having a longitudnal axis and an arcforming tip, a longitudinal sleeve of heat-insulating and electrical-insulating material which is lfusible at arc temperature, said sleeve being fixed to the outer longitudinal face of said rod and extending substantially to said arc-forming tip, a metallic helix which has spaced turns, one end of said metallic helix extending substantially to said arc-forming tip, said helix being fusible at arc temperature, said helix being longitudinal and being mounted on the outer longitudinal face of said sleeve, the other end of said helix being conductively fixed to said rod rearwardly of said arc-forming tip, another longitudinal sleeve made s of heat insulating and electrical-insulating material which is fusible at aro temperature, said last-mentioned sleeve being mounted longitudinally on the outer face of said helix and extending substantially to said arc-forming tip, said first-mentioned sleeve having a higher melting point than said rod and said helix, said secondmentioned sleeve having a melting point which is sufciently higher than the melting point of said rst-mentioned sleeve to maintain said secondmentioned sleeve temporarily unfused at said arc-forming tip when said rod and said rstmentioned sleeve and said helix are fused at said arc-forming tip, said second-mentioned sleeve providing an enclosure which extends forwardly in the arc zone of said rod and said helix and said first-mentioned sleeve during the operation of the arc, said helix having a lower melting point than said rod.

LUDOVICO MOR/LON BARBE-BOUJOURS.

6 REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the nle of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,356,468 Peters et al Oct. 19, 1920 1,709,474 Hawley Apr. 16, 1929 1,657,521 Stresau et a1 May 10, 1932 1,944,753 Mathias Jan. 23, 1934 2,001,848 Nyquist May 21, 1935 2,054,609 Strohmenger Sept. 15, 1936 2,067,630 Franks Jan. 12, 1937 2,083,309 Applegate June 8, 1937 2,345,758 Lincoln et al. Apr. 4, 1944

Images