US2511866A - Intermittently loading scraper - Google Patents

Description

June 20, 1950 w. MQRK 2,511,866

INTERMITTENTLY LOADING SCRAPER Filed Dec. 20, 1945 3 Shee'ts-Sheet 1 7 INVENTOR,

BY "94 W June 20, 1950 e. w. MORK 2,511,866

INTERMITTENTLY LOADING SCRAPER Filed D80. 20, 1945 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 6 yep-7e.

INVENTOR) AYTOKN E f June 20, 1950 G. w. MORK 2,511,866

INTERMITTENTLY LOADING SCRAPER Filed Dec. 20, 1945 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR,

ATTORNEY Patented June 20, 1 9 50 UNITED "gm to B yru Erie: Carmina-South Milwaukee, Q I;

Wis.,-a corporation of Delaware g V p I Application December 20, 1:945, eriaiNo;li3li1089- i izciaims. (Cl; 37-12 1 l "My invention relates to -n'ew 'and useful im- ;provements in wheeled scrapers of thegeneral type. shown and described in US. Patent No. 2,198,916, granted April- 30, 1940, to 'E'arl--B. Maloon, to which patent reference is hereby 55 made, inasmuch as this present'invention repre- Sents an improvement thereon. I

In scrapers of that type,the scraper nus-and dumps at its front end. 'I'hemain frame of sucha'scraper is pivoted 5 at either its front end or rearend to a wheeled truck, and the digging and spreading depth is determined by raising or lowering the-other end of the main frame with respect to a second'triick. This is the first operating function. I In Maloon and this present invention, the pivoting is at the front end; and the ralsing' 'an'd lowering takes places at there'a'r end; but this, although very advantageous, is notessential'.=-- The digging blade is carried rigidwiththe' frame, though this is not essential.

Adjacent the rigging bladeis pivotedadirtextruding curved member, variously termed; and sometimes with, sometimes withoutsides' of its own. It will here be called a bowl-J Swinging 2 this bowl upward to dump is the secondiunetion. Returning this bowl to load carryingposition is :the third function. i v v e I There is also a 'front closure, usually known as the apron. Opening this aproniwhen digging or dumping), and closing it again for carrying,

isthe fourth function; r

Maloon has two controls ropes)",one of which nperforms the first functioninamely depth-con- .trol), and the other of which successively performs the fourth function (a pron opening) and the second function (dumping). For the third function (bowl return), Maloon depends on 5, kick-back cam, actuated by the fall of theapron. For my present invention, I prefer to employthree ropes, two of which take the place of Maloons second rope. Also my first rope-per forms also the bowl-return function. g V

To force the first dirt into the scraper requires very little tractive effort; but, as the filling 015 the scraper progresses, the newly-enteringi dirt has to push against the dirt already i'n the scraper, in order to gain entrance, andzthis requires increasingly more tractive effort'as-the 1 scraper becomes more and more nearly-filledrym The present tendency in the trade is to keep increasing the size of scrapers; and, the larger the scraper, the more of an obstacle does theabovementioned phenomenon become. H s 1 Accordingly it ,is the P n p l jechof $131565 on'the traction wneeis or the tractor.

"descriptionprogressesr- 211%.; f; My inventionconsis't's in the the combination and: arrangement thereon-which :Referring, now, w m gfigures, and

present invention to"'devise"a"ver y large scraper,

which can nevertheless he filiedwithoutiencoimteririg this obstacle. :i I i i A further object 'oif-my inv'ention is to-provide a "scraperin which most of the 1 dirt Will b'efar forward in the scraper;- whnthe scrape'riisfiin carrying position, thus puttin'g m'ost' of'the wei'glit Ini-addition tow: my -principal obj'ects'; above stated r have workecrout a. numbe'g or novel and useful details, which will be readily evident'as' the novel parts an d 'in are defined in the appended claims, and ofawhich one :embodimentisi exemplified in the random- Tpanyingdrawings, which are hereinafter particularly described.randeirplained. 1

it Throughout thefdescription', the samereferenc'e ain :number' is 'applied to thesame. ihember o'r'to-sim- :ilar members: 2-1: Figures 1 to" 5 are side partly insection, taken'al'ong the dashed liiie of Figure 6, and showing my scraperin fivisuccessive stages of being loaded. Fi'gure"6='i's a planwie'w of*my"scraper, in car'- xiying positioni 1 Figure-"7 11s elevations of my scraper,

a sideiele'vation of my scraper, partly in "section; taken along'fth'e dashed lin'e'lof Figure" 6;"alnd showing my scraper in car ng Figures '8 and 9. are side-{elevations of 'my scra'per, part1y injsction', "taken along the dashed-line of Figure 6,:"-and"showi1fg' iny scraper in'tw'o successive stages of beingdumped. Mi

primarily to Figures 61and 7, we see-that lxlxrepresentsh two-Wheel tractor,- very 'much 'conventionalized.

This tractor constitutes"the"towing-means' and the front support for my-scraper, through-means Althoughl show my scraper" as a semi tra'iler scraper, and-tthe tractor as 'a two=whee1 balanced "tractor, these featuresrare not essential, although my invention is particularly adapted for usewith 'aisemi trailert scraper, as willioe claimed-herein.

Built integral with the gooseneck' 'l2,";there :is

. the main frame of myscraper which mainframe comprises two'side-plates l 3; and the necessary cross-bracingzl ly'li'and ['6 v r Extending across fromqbottomwto bottoinjoi -The -.rear:;supportof my scraper. comprises wheels; 8, pillars" .l 9, crossebe'am .20, rand-sideplete bottom, the lack being made up by cross-- brace l6 and blade I1. Thus it will be seen that the bowl 26, the cross-brace 16, the blade l1, and the apron 24, together'constitute. a com-i plete bottom closure for my'scraper, when bowl and apron are in carrying position, as in Figuresthe chain serving as the flexible member which cooperates with the cam. This construction enables the bowl-tilting force to be applied low and to the rear, thus tilting the bowl well forward to dump into the apron, with undiminished torque. It keeps the sheave 43 out of the dirt and out of possible interference with the ground in digging position. The particular chain construction obviates the need of guides for the chain on the back of the bowl.

Thus we have three ropes performing the four functions essential to this general type of scraper. But, as already stated, my invention does not inhere inany specific number of ropes, nor in 6 and '7; and that with theside-plates 13, this bottom closure constitutes a complete receptacle. For the purposes of my invention, myblade l1 and/or cross-brace l6'-will be referred to as a "permanent partialclosure.

However, as stated in the preamble hereof,it is not essential that the blade be :carried rigidly by the main frame. It; could, for example, be carried by the bowl, and the cross-braces could be omitted; in which event the bottom closure would consist entirely of the bowl bottom (including the blade) andthe apron bottom. But it. would still be important for the bowl pivot 25 to, be well forward of, :and, preferably higher than, the digging blade.

There are three winches, 21, 28-zand one not shown, on the tractor. The winch not shown is directly behind No. 21 in all the side-elevation figures.

From the winch not shown, a rope 30 (see Figure 6) extends over a sheave 3| on the gooseneck l2, thence over a sheave 32 supported by crossbrace.l4,-thence over sheave 33 on the rear support and sheave 34 on the rear of the mainframe, thence over deflecting sheaves 35 and 36 on the rear of the main frame. to an anchorage 31. on the bowl 2B. In the side-elevation figures, that portion of rope 30 which extends, from the winch not shown, over a sheave 3|,jto asheave 32,. and these two sheaves, are all not shown, being masked by that portion of rope 42. which extends from winch 21, over a sheave 3| (shown), to a sheave 32 (shown). This rope performs at will the depth control function, and (through con stant tension due to the weight of themain frame) constantly tends to perform the bowl return function. This expedient is claimed'in U; S. Patent No. 2,304,076, granted December 8, 1942, to Davidson and Hoar.

From winch 28, arope 38 extends over'a sheave 39 on the gooseneck I2, thence over a sheave 41 supported by cross-brace l 4, thence over a sheave 40 on. the front of the bottom of the apron, to

ananchorage 4| supported by crossbrace 14..

This rope performs the apron opening function.

From winch 21, a rope 42 extends over a sheave 3| on the gooseneck I 2, thence over a sheave '32- supported by cross-brace l4, thence over a sheave 43, to an anchorage 44 supported by cross-brace I4. This rope performs the bowl dumping function.

Sheave 43 is secured to the upper end of :a chain '45, consisting of a series of links, pivoted together for bending around the rear end of the bowl, but not for lateral bending. Chain 45 is anchored to the rear bottom of the bowl at 46.

This chain and the curved rear portion of the bowl together constitute a segmental lever, the

bowl serving as thesegmental cam thereof, and.

the reeving thereof, nor (for that matter) in any particular means of performing these four functions.

For an understanding of the operation of my invention, let us first turn to Figure 1, which shows my scraper in loading position, i. e., with the rear of my main frame lowered so that my blade engages the ground, and withmy apron slightly raised so ,as to-permit the entry'of .dirt intov my bowl. The bowl is shown practically filled.

The large size of my apron, as compared with my bowl is to be noted. This is contrary to the conventional relative size of these elements.

When the bowl has been filled as shown. in

Figure 1, thebowl is tilted, forward to dump. its

contents into the apron as shown in Figure 2.,

The bowl is then returned to the position of Figure 1, is again-filled, and is again dumped into the apron as shown in Figure 3.

the forcing of the dirt well forward into the apron.

Finallythe bowl is filled, and remains filled, as in Figure 5.

The main frame is then lifted, as in. Figure '7, and the scraper is run over the roads to wherever it is to be dumped. Note that the bulk of the load is in theapron, rather than in the bowl as in the conventional scraper of the past. This forward positionof theload imposes a considerable. weight on the traction-wheels of the-tractor, thus increasing the ground-traction.

On reaching the dumping. place, the apron is gradually raised thus gradually'spilling out its contents, as in Figure 8. The main frame is lowered slightly, so that the blade will spread the dumped material evenly at whatever level is desired.

Finally, as shown inFigure 9, the; contents of the bowl is dumped and spread.

The scraper is then hauled back to the digging place, to acquire another load.

Having now described and illustrated one form of my invention, and-the operation thereof, I wish it understood that my invention-is not to .be limited to the specific form or arrangement of parts hereinbefore described and shown.

Iclaim:

1. In a carry-type earth-moving scraper,- the combination of ground-support means; a main frame, supported by the ground-support means, and including side plates; a transverse digging blade carried by the main frame; a partial front closure for the bottom opening between these side plates, consisting of an apron raisably supported by the mainframe; a partial rear. closure therefor, consisting of a raisable bowl, said bowl being pivoted to the main frame at a point for ward of the blade and being adapted, when lowered, to retain dirt to the rear of the blade; means for raising and lowering the main frame with respect to the ground; means for swinging the bowl forward, to dump into the apron; and means for raising the apron, either to permit filling the scraper, or to permit the exit of excavated material therefrom.

2. In a carry-type earth-moving scraper, the combination of: ground-support means; a main frame supported by the ground-support means, and including side plates; a partial front closure for the bottom opening between these side plates, consisting of an apron raisably supported by the main frame; a partial rear closure therefor, consisting of a raisable bowl pivoted to the main frame; a permanent partial closure carried by the main frame between the front closure and the rear closure, said permanent partial closure being located below the bowl pivot and consisting of a transverse digging blade and a transverse dirt-retaining member adjacent the blade; means for raising and lowering the main frame with respect to the ground; means for swinging the bowl forward, to dump into the apron; and means for raising the apron, either to permit filling the scraper, or to permit the exit of excavated material therefrom.

3. A scraper according to claim 1, further characterized by the fact that the bowl is pivoted to the main frame at a point above the blade.

4. A scraper according to claim 1, further characterized by the fact that the blade constitutes a permanent partial closure between the front closure and the rear closure.

5. A scraper according to claim 1, further characterized by the fact that the blade constitutes a part of a permanent partial closure between the front closure and the rear closure.

6. A scraper according to claim 1, further characterized by the fact that adjacent the blade there is a transverse plate carried by the main frame and constituting at least part of a permanent partial closure between the front closure and the rear closure.

7. A scraper according to claim 1, further characterized by the fact that the bowl swinging means comprises a segmental lever.

8. A scraper according to claim 1, further characterized by the fact that the bowl swinging means comprises a segmental lever, of which the flexible element is anchored to the bottom rear of the bowl, and the rear of the bowl serves as the segmental cam which cooperates with the flexible element.

9. A scraper according to claim I, further characterized by the fact that there is means biasing the initiation of the return of the bowl from dumping position.

10. A scraper according to claim 1, further characterized by the fact that the apron is sufllciently larger than the bowl, so as to hold a plurality of bowl contents.

11. A scraper according to claim 1, further characterized by the fact that the ground support means consists of a rear support and means to support the front of the scraper on a towing tractor.

12. A scraper according to claim 1, further characterized by the fact that the ground support means consists of a rear support and means to support the front of the scraper on a towing tractor; and that the apron is substantially larger than the bowl, whereby the scraper, when filled, imposes a considerable portion of its load on the ground-engaging tractive device of the tractor, thereby increasing the traction thereof.

GEORGE W. MORK.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS I Date

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