US2482917A - Scrooping composition - Google Patents

Description

Patented Sept. 27, 1949 SCROOPING COMPOSITION Saul Kaplan, Teaneck, N. J assignor to Onyx Oil & Chemical Company, Jersey City, N. J a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Application May 16, 1947,

- Serial No. 748,663

1 This invention relates to improvements in the art of imparting scroop to fabrics, and more particularly to new compositions which are useful for that purpose. Of particular importance is the application of the invention to knitted rayon, although yarn or other fabrics or textiles may be treated in accordance with the invention. This application represents a continuation in part of my application, Serial No. 453,416, filed August 3, 1942, now abandoned.

Scroop is a characteristic feel or texture of fab- 3 Claims. (Cl. 106-135) rics perhaps best characterized as the crisp rustle of silk and other fabrics. It is common to treat many fabrics, particularly rayon and silk, to impart or increase their scroop. For this purpose silk is treated with soap and then with acid to liberate fatty acids on the fibers. Weak organic acids, such as formic, acetic, lactic, or tartaric acids are sometimes used alone, particularly with silk, as these products are not ordinarily sufiiciently effective with rayon. Emulsions of the higher fatty alcohols, such as oleyl alcohol, are used for imparting scroop to fabrics, particularly rayon.

In accordance with the present invention,

emulsions of butoxyethyl stearate are used to impart scroop to textiles, and particularly knitted rayon. These emulsions are of, the oil-in-water type, with the disperse phase comprising butoxyethyl stearate and the continuous phase is an aqueous medium containing a film-forming protective colloid, such as a gum, gelatin, or the like. In addition to these necessary constituents, the emulsions may contain other material such as emulsifying agents, preservatives, and weakly acidic material, such as a weak organic acid or an acid salt of an organic acid or an acid salt of an inorganic acid, such as aluminum sulfate.

The use of emulsifyin agents is ordinarily desirable to reduce the time and power required to produce a stable emulsion; but care must be taken that the emulsifying agent used is compatible with the other constituents of the emulsions and other materials in conjunction with which the emulsions may be used. Many emulsifying a ents exert a decided softening effect which radically reduces the scrooping effect if used in any substantial quantity; but ordinarily effective emulsions can be obtained with the use of quantities of emulsifying agent too small to have this deleterious result.

Preservatives in some instances are required be.- cause of the protective colloids used. Thus if gum arabic or gelatin or some similar material is used as the film-forming protective. colloid, it is ordi- 'narily desirable to use a preservative.

The acid materials to which reference has been made ordinarily increase the effectiveness of the other constituents in imparting scroop to the textile. Some of them have a preservative action and so permit a decrease in the amount of preservative required. Acid materials are also desirable because they neutralize any alkaline materials left on the textile in processing prior to the scrooping treatment.

Advantageously the disperse phase consists only of butoxy ethyl stearate, together with a small amount of an emulsifying agent if an oil-soluble emulsifying agent is used. However, the butoxyethyl may be extended by means of a mineral oil, such as one of a viscosity of 50 to 100 seconds Saybolt, at 100 F; Such a mineral oil may be used in quantities up to 50 or 60% without reducing the scrooping effect too radically. Relatively small quantities of waxes may also be included in the disperse phase, but if waxes are usedin quantities over about 10%, the scroop is 7 decreased and emulsification difficulties may be encountered with some protective colloids.

The continuous phase consists of an aqueous solution of a film-forming protective colloid. Among the colloids which may be used are gelatin (as gelatin or glue), gum arabic, gum ghatti, casein, methyl cellulose, gum tragacanth, gum karaya, gum shiraz, starch, soluble alginates,

,polyvinyl alcohol, locust bean gum, casein-alumiammonium phosphate.

Both oil-soluble and water-soluble emulsifying agents may be used, including the petroleum sulfonates, mahogany. soaps, fatty alcohol sulfates, salts of alkylated naphthalene sulfonates, sulfocarboxylic esters (such as dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate), acylated protein degradation products, higher alcohol secondary sulfates, alkyl sulfonates, such as sodium cetyl sulfonate, sulfated oils, condensates of alkylene oxides and fatty acids or fatty alcohols, soaps, such as triethanolamineoleate, as well as the various cation active wetting agents, such as the quaternary ammonium compounds, pyridinium compounds, oxazolidinium compounds, etc. Only small amounts of the emulsifying agents maybe used, as most of them exert a softening efiect detrimental to the scroop, particularly the sulfonated oils and cation active materials.

The invention will be further illustrated by 1: i) the following examples, but it is not limited thereto.

Example 1.A ,scrooping composition is prepared from the following:

Pounds Butyl Cellosolve stearat 20.0

Gelatin 21) Sodium di-isopropyl naphthalene sulfonate :1

Sodium pentachlor phenate 0.2

Water .77.?

The gelatin is soaked in part of the Watenand the mixture is heated to dissolve it. The di-isopropyl naphthalene sulfonate is dissolved in 2 parts of the water, and added to .the gelatin. The 'butyl"Cellos,o'lve stearate, at a temperature of from 40 'to5'0 'C. is then added to this mixture while 'itis agitated rapidly, such as with a turbo mixer. "Thebalance of the water and preservative isthen added. The mixture maythen, if

desired, ibe passed through ,a colloid mill or homogenizer. A stable emulsion results, and if creamingoccurs on.prolonged storage, agitation will restore its'homogeneity, and its usefulness is unimpaired.

Example 2.--A scrooping composition is pre- ;paredfromthe following:

Pounds .Butyl fCellosolve stearate v15 arabic. solution 5.0% suitably preserved v6 Water .79

Ihe'materials are mixed and suitably emulsified. If 10 to pounds-of gum-arabic solution are -used, the emuls'ification is easier.

' -Ewample 3.-A scrooping composition is preparedfrom-the following:

Pounds Butyl Oel-losolvestearate 16 flasein alurninum formate complex 50 Water 34 EM .blityl fC.el1osn1-.ve,.stearate .isemulsified in the casein-aluminum iormate complex at the temperature,ofiliquefactionoi the complex, and

thenlthe wateris added.

Example 4..=A 'skein of .euprammonium yarn, previously freed from oilIand .size .by a conventionalfboil-ofi. and whichmay havesubsequently been dyed, is worked in a bath .containingl to 5 of any ofthe compositions.of the previous examples. .The percentage is based on the weight of the ske'in, and the amountof the water used may be fromlO 11025 times .the weight of the skein. After 15 minutes, the :skeirris extracted, anddried. It possesses a firm crunchyfeel. .Ihe effect-is somewhat enhanced if from 0.5% to 2% of formic acid is added to'the'bath a few minutes beforethe emulsion is introduced.

Example 5 .-Ra-yon "knit goods, scoured, anddyed, if desired, is impregnated with a'-2% solution of any'of the emulsions of the fore- 'going exam ples in a-suitable apparatus, such as a mangle. 5 Upon --d-rying, the goods have a ood scroop, and in the -case of some constructions,

are brushed to produce a nap, still retain the scroop, despite the -mechanical working.

v:Eazample --6.-- Rayon knit Y goods are dyed, after scouring, in a reel type machine, and the dye lhathris dropped. Themahine isfilled-withwater .at a=bout"100 F and "2% of an emulsion of any @I ':the .lpIBViOH-S examples :(based on the weight ofxdihe goodsifissadded. After running'1 5 minutes, the liquor is dropped, the goods extracted, and dried. 'r'mhe reflect may :be increased-by adding,

suitably r l with the emulsion, about 0.5% of maleio acid, basedon the weight of thegoods.

Naturally some of athe .iemulsions illustrated above are more efficient than others, and some tend to produce a more lasting scroop than others. ,In general, an increase in the quantity of "butoxy' ethyl stearate in an emulsion increases its .eifectiveness,..th0seioontaining amounts of butoxy .ethyl stearate ranging up to 40% generally giving a be'tter and 'more iasting scroop than those con- .tainingu10% or less, if used at the same concentration.

In formulating any emulsion to be used in imparting scroop to a fabric, care must be taken that the various constituents are compatible and also that they. are compatible with other materials in {conjunction with which they .are to :be used. Thus, if the =film-iormmgraproteotive colloid :used

"is gum -.arabic,. aluminum :acetate should .-not be included in the-emulsion vas .its use willleadto precipitation :whenithe emulsion is diluted, t-if not fabefore. Similarly, where the .emulsionsareztoJoe -used conjunction with rother. :finishes, .such as water repellents, iirerproofing compounds, and Weighting compositions,.ingredients which-are in- -compatible :with these .other finishes should .not beinoludedii'in the lemulsions.

. When .anemulsifying :agent is useddn preparing the emulsion, itjis. usuallyibest to.make.a practical testof the emulsion todetermine :whatproportion of the emulsifyingagent .=can .be used without appreciably iafiecting the scroop. Most emulsifying .agents willsserve their purpose effectively in Hquantities be'low .:those which produce .a noticeable effect upon :the .iscroop obtained with the final product, but nevertheless it is ordinarily advisable to test the material abefore using it.

I-claim:

1. A scrooping composition in the formiof an .oilein water :emulsion comprising a-continuous phase :of an aqueous solution of V a film forming organic colloid and "a dispersed phase including butoxyethy l stearate, the butoxyeth-y-l stearate "heing present in an amount effective to impart scroop to nayon and silk when' treated with the composition.

' 2. A-scroopi-ng composition int-he form of an oil-in-water emulsion comprising a continuous 'zphase -=of --an aqueous solution of an aluminum formate-casein complex and adispersed phase including *butoxye't-hyl stearate, the butoxyethyl stearate being present in a-n amount effective -"to impart scroop-to rayon-and silk when treated with the composition,

3. Ascrooping composition the form of an oil-in-water emulsion comprising a continuous phase-of an aqueous solution of gelatin and sodium di isopropyl naphthalene sulfonate and a dispersed phase incl-uding' butoxyethyl stearate, the 'butoxyethyl-stearate being present in an amounteiiectivetoimpart-scroop to rayon and silk when treated withthe composition.

SAUL KAPLAN.

REFERENCES .CITED The following references are of record in the 'fileof this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,015,865 -"Mu11er Dot, '1, -1935 2, 69,303 :Ereyfuset a1 Feb. 2, 1937 12,176,402 Koch Oct. 1 7, 1939 2,130,331 M-osloer Feb. 13, 1940 122215124 iEll-is., .Nov. 1 2, I940 Certificate of Correction Patent No. 2,482,917 September 27, 1949 SAUL KAPLAN It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows:

Column 2, lines 9 and 10, after the word butoxyethyl insert stearate;

and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Oifice. Signed and sealed this 31st day of January, A. D. 1950.

THOMAS F. MURPHY,

Assistant Uommissioner of Patents.