US2481961A - Heating and hardening burner - Google Patents

Description

p. 13, 1949. B. G. WARD, JR 2,481,961

HEATING AND HARDENING BURNER Filed April '7, 1945 2 ShetS-Sheet l ATTO R N EYS Sept 13, 1949. Y B. GI WARD, JR 2,481,961

HEATING AND HARDENING BURNER Filed April 7, 1945 i 2 sheets-sheet 2 Patented Sept. 13, 1949 HEATING AND HARDENI'NG BURNER.

Bert G. Ward, Jr., hicago,.l'll'., assignon to Na.-

tional Cylinder` Gas Company, Chicago, Ill., a

corporation of Eelaware Application April '7, 1945 S'erialNo. 587,146

(Cl. 15K-21.4);

rIhis invention relates to blowpipes of that type in which there a-re provided a plurality of gas outlets usually arranged in arow so asV to produce a sheet-like flame for application to, and relative movement in respect to and along, a surface to be treated. The gases include a suitable combustible gas and asuitablecombustion supporting gas, these being hereinafterV referredto as acetylene and oxygen without intention of limiting the invention to the use of these particulargases;

Apparatus of this-type` may be used" for a wide varietyof'Y purposes, suchas flame hardening, heating, softening; tempering, annealing, descaling; et'c.

In apparatus of* this type it has been proposed to form the body portion of' the burner'V nozzle ortorch tip from a singlel block of meta-l with holes bored therein or therethrough for the passage of the gasesV to form the plurality'of ames arranged in a row, and"` for the circulation of a cooling fluidsuch as water; to preyent'the' appa*- ratus from becoming overheated during use;

AsA inlportant` features of a construction ernbodying the present invention, there are separate mixing passages for the gases suppliedv foreach tip orifice, and' disposed Within the body off the torch tip;4 all of the gas ports and passages are so arranged that they may. be readily cleaned for the removal of collected carbon orother materalf which might. tend', to clog them or` reduce thegas flowv therethrough; the gas passages lead'f ing` from the, point ofI mixture to the point of discharge are offsuchlength as to afford ample time for the gases to become properly mixed before exit from the burner port; andthe. passages for cooling fluid' are arranged adjacent to the surface ofl the burner from which the mixed gases exit, andA therefore nearest to the. dames andthe surface of the article or part to be treated, whereby said' cooling fluid more effectively removes heat from the torch tip and prevents overheating ofr the gas mixture before reaching the' gas outlets.

My invention may be embodied in a torch tip so-constructed as to incorporateV` all or only cer"- tain ones of the features above referred to.

In-the construction illustrated, and-in whichall of" said* features arel incorporated:

Fig; 1- isav sideelevation of an apparatus' embodying the present invention.

Fig; 2is atop`V plan View oftherfblowpipetip or'burner body; the pipe connections thereto'being'removed and certain passagesbeing shown 'rrdottedlines:

Fig. 3 is av side elevation of the partF shown inFig. 2.

Figs. 4 to 10 inclusive are transverse sections on the lines 4"-41 5 5-, 6-6, 1 1, `lie-lli, @-9, and |'U-I i) respectivelyof Fig. 3.

Fig. 11'1is a phantom viewin perspectiveshowing, in solid lines, only'the cooling' passages, and

Fig; 12 is a phantom View similar' to Fig. 11, but showing, insolid lines', only the gas passages.

In the construction illustrated the tip or burner body 2B may be secured by a brazed collar 22 to any type of handle.2| which. is preferbly of tubular form,.and through which extends the conduit 23v for the. oxygen, the conduit 24 for thev acetylene and a conduit 25 for the supply. of a suit.- able cooling liquidwhichwillbe referred to hereinafter as Water, butother iiuids` might be used. The tubular handle itself. ser-ves for the. return of the cooling fluid.

So far as concerns1 this handle construction, it may be of Well known type; and asl will be understood,l the conduits,.preferably adjacenty to the outer end of the handle, are provided with suitable coupling: connections and control valves, likewise of standard form andnot illustrated.

The main featuresv of the invention are incorporated; in` thertip or burner body 20. This may be of a single piece of brass; or any non-ferrous metal, steel oralloy which does not oxidize when subjected' to'` high temperature andis shown as being hexagonal in cross-section, and; extending transversely to the'general direction of the length of the handle. Within this bodythere are bored a plurality-of' passageways for the various uids.

The passagesv for the flow of4 the water may be more readily` visualized from Fig. 11. The end of the Water supply-.pipe 25fis connected'to a short passage 26 in thel face' A of the body, and the water ows therefrom through the passages 2li, 218', 2'9, 3U, 3|, 32 and 33 to an outlet passage 34 which opens into the tubular handle 2|. Each of the passages 26 to 34 inclusivemay be bored into the body to the required distance, but not entirely to th'e opposite face, and the outer end of each passage'other than passages 2T and 33 may be closed by a suitable plug. For instance plugs 35 shown in Fig; 4- close the upper ends of the passages 28-and 32. Plugs 36 close the outer ends of the passages-21 'and 33; plugs 3l close the ends of passages 29 and 3|, and plug 3l' closes the end of passage' 30. The passage sections 29 and 3| are disposed substantially parallel to and closelyadjacent to thev lower face B of the block, and extend substantially'the full length of the burner body, so that this face which is exposed to the highest heat, is most effectively cooled.

The passages for the acetylene and oxygen may be readily visualized from Fig. l2. The acetylene Supply pipe 24 is connected to a short vertical passage 38 which connects with a passage 39 near the top surface A of the body and extending toward the opposite end of the body from that toward which the cooling fluid passages 21 and 33 extend. The acetylene flows from the passage 39 down through a short passage 40 to a passage section 4I extending at one side of the medial plane, and substantially the full length of the body, and disposed adjacent to one of the upper outer sides of the body.

The oxygen supply pipe 23 connects with a short passage 42 leading into the top face A of the block and connected to a passage 43 extending substantially parallel to the passage 39. This passage 43 connects with a short vertical passage 44 leading to a passage 45 extending in the medial plane of the body, substantially the full length of the block, and parallel to the passage section 4|. The oxygen and acetylene passages 45 and 4| are toward the upper side of the body.

All of the gas passages 39, 4D, 4|, 43, 44 and 4'5 have their outer ends closed by suitable plugs. The ends of the passages 39 and 43 are closed by plugs 49, the upper ends of the passages 49 and 44 are closed by plugs 48, and the ends of passages 4| and 45 are closed by screw-in plugs 5|.

For forming the series of flames, a plurality of passages 46 extend from the face E of the block to the passage section 45, and a series of diagonal passages 4l lead from the passage section 4| to each one of these passages 46, as shown particularly in Fig. 5. The passages 4l from the acetylene passage section 4| intersect the oxygen passages 49 in approximately the medial plane of the body, and at approximately the center line of the body, which is at some distance from the lower outlet ends of the passages 46. Thus the upper part of each passage 46 delivers oxygen, and the lower part from the point 50 of intersection with the passage 4l serves for the delivery of the gas mixture. Thus there is adequate time for the acetylene and the oxygen to become mixed during the flow from the intersection points 50 to the outlet ends of the passages 46. As these passages 46 and 4l' are very small, the danger of flash back in any of them is comparatively slight. The passages 46 for the mixed oxygen and acetylene extend downwardly between the two cooling fluid passages 3| and 2B so that the mixed gases are kept reasonably cool prior to the escape at the surface B and the formation of the series of closely spaced flames which may merge as a single narrow sheet or ribbon flame.

The gas main passages 4| and 45 are preferably tapered from the supply passages 4E) and 4| shown at the left end of Fig. 12 toward the opposite end so as to maintain uniform gas pressure throughout their lengths. They may be readily cleaned by unscrewing the plugs and the passages 41 may be cleaned by unscrewing plugs 52. The passages 45 may be readily cleaned as they open directly to the atmosphere at their lower ends. As the gases are mixed at points well within the body of the burner, it will be obvious that if the face A of the burner body, which is subject-ed to high heat, becomes corroded, it will not effect the proper mixing of the gas for the flame. As all of the oxygen and acetylene passages 45 and 4l lead from Very much larger passages 45 and 4|, equal volumes of gas will flow to the mix- 4 ing points 50, and all of the long row of flames will be uniform. The flames will be simultaneously regulated by the usual control valves in the oxygen and acetylene supply pipes 23 and 24.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A burner body comprising a metal block having opposed side faces, top and bottom faces and end faces, the top face having inlets for fuel gas, oxygen and water, and an outlet for the water, all grouped approximately midway between the ends of the top face, a fuel gas passage and an oxygen passage each extending substantially the full length of said block adjacent to the top face, a row of gas mixture outlet passages leading to said bottom face and each having a branch leading to said fuel gas passage and a branch leading to said oxygen passage, a pair of water passages adjacent to said bottom face and upon opposite sides of said outlet passages, means connecting said water passages in series to said water inlet and said water outlet, and means connecting said oxygen and fuel passages in parallel to said oxygen and fuel gas inlets.

2. A burner body comprising a metal block having opposed side faces, top and bottom faces and end faces, the top face having inlets for fuel gas, oxygen and water, and an outlet for the water, a fuel gas passage and an oxygen passage each extending lengthwise of said block adjacent to the top face and connected to the corresponding inlet on said top face, a row of gas mixture outlet passages leading to said bottom face and each having a branch leading to said fuel gas passage and a branch leading to said oxygen passage, a pair of water passages adjacent to said bottom face and upon opposite sides of said outlet passages, means connecting said water passages in series to said water inlet and said water outlet, and means connecting said oxygen and fuel gas passages in parallel to said oxygen and fuel gas inlets.

3. A burner body comprising a metal block having opposed side faces, top and bottom faces and end faces, the top face having inlets for fuel gas, oxygen and water, and an outlet for the water, all grouped approximately midway between the ends of the top face, a fuel gas passage and an oxygen passage each extending substantially the full length of said block adjacent to the top face,

a roW of gas mixture outlet passages leading to said bottom face and each having a branch leading to said fuel gas passage and a branch leading to said oxygen passage, a passage for conducting cooling water from said water inlet to said water outlet, said passage having sections adjacent to and lengthwise of said bottom face and on opposite sides of said gas mixture outlets, a connecting section adjacent to one end face, and supply and return sections leading from the other ends to said water inlet and water outlet respectively.

4. A burner body comprising a metal block having opposed side faces, top and bottom faces and end faces, separate inlets for fuel gas, oxygen and Water, and an outlet for the water, a fuel gas passage and an oxygen passage each extending substantially the full length of said block adjacent to the top face, a row of gas mixture outlet passages leading to said bottom face and each having a branch leading to said fuel gas passage and a branch leading to said oxygen passage, a passage for conducting cooling water from said water inlet to said water outlet, said passage having sections adjacent to and lengthwise of said bottom face and on opposite sides of said gas mixture outlets. and a connecting section adjacent to one end face.

5. A burner body comprising a metal block having opposed side faces, top and bottom faces and end faces, the top face having inlets for fuel gas, oxygen and water, and an outlet for the water, all grouped approximately midway between the ends of the top face, a fuel gas passage and an oxygen passage each extending substantially the full length of said block adjacent to the top face and connected to its respective inlet, a row of gas mixture outlet passages leading to said bottom face and each having a branch leading to said fuel gas passage and a branch leading to said oxygen passage, a passage for cooling fluid leading from said water inlet nearly to one facey then downwardly nearly to said bottom face, thence lengthwise of the latter along one side of said gas mixture outlets nearly to the other face, thence transversely of said block, thence lengthwise nearly to the opposite end and along the other side of said gas mixture outlets, thence upwardly nearly to said top face, and thence to said Water outlet.

BERT G. WARD, JR.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS

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