US2478238A - Mechanism for pulling the hairs from pelts - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 9,1949. M; cAssE MECHANISM FOR PULLING THE HAIRS FROM PELTS 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed May 2, 1947 INIVE Nron ATTORNEY Aug. 1949. M. CA S: 2,478,238

MECHANISM FOR PULLING THE HAIRS FROM PELTS Filed May 2, 1947 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 o ammmmw I b0 v Mar-ze/ Caff ATTORNEY Patented Aug. 9, 1949 UNITED STATES PATENT MECHANISM Foe PULLING THE HAIRS FROM PELTS Marcel Cass, Essonnes, France Application May 2, 1947, Serial No. 745,390 In France February 8, 1947 4 Claims.

This invention has, for its object: a mechanism for pulling the hairs from pelts which is capable of nipping and pul'lingsaid hairs without deteriorating them orthe fur which, can be used on a machine in whichrth'e pelt is fed in automatically with its butt first andmoved on in uniform motion untilits face and is; stripped from its hairs.

It is well known thatthe hairs are longer and stiffer than the remainder of the coat or fur and that it is necessary to remove them for many uses of the pelt or thefur, in particular for the production of felt. Such removal is effected by stretching the peltover a rather abruptly rounded bar, the ilesh side or the pelt'being in contact with the bar in order to'brlstle up the coat, after which the hairs are nipped and torn out.

The mehafiishl" according to this invention possesses the-advantage oi nipping said hairs as close as possible tothii roots and or enablin to treat the pelts; in particular rabbit pelts, in one single operation from the butt up to the face end; with this end in now, said mechanism comprizes a pair or reciprocatab e retaining tools adapted to retaine narrow tuft of the coat while allowing the hairs to pass through the slit therebetween to be nipped and pulled out" by a pair 01:" pulling 130018;

Said. pulling tools are mounted for reciprocatory' motion in such manner that they can nip the hairs quiteclose to the skin and hold them as they are moved backwards for a sufficiently long time'to make it certain that the hairs are torn out even if they happened to be income pletely stretched when nipped: moreover, synchronism in the-movements of the retaining tools and of the pulling tools isobtained with the aid of actuating mechanismcomprising common parts; for instance rods journalied onone and the same crank pin or on pair of pins rigid with each other;

The retainin tools are reciprocated in guides while the pulling tools are carried by a rod and mounted resiliently so that they shall remain pressed against eachother during the pulling 'actlorl.

A preferred; embodiment of the mechanism according to the: invention is illustrated by way of example in the appended drawing.

Figure 1 is a diagrammatical view of the mechanism.

Figure 2 is an enlarged view showing how the desired action may; be: obtained.

Figure 3 is a sectional View taken on line III-III in Fig. 4 of a hair-pulling machine.

Figure 4' iilustrates the same iiiachine in sectional view taken on line in Fig, 3.

The bar (1 guides the pelt that an attendant passes slowly in a downward direction while keeping it stretched, or that is kept stretched and 2 fed through. bya pair of fluted rolls r that press it against the bar, the rotation of the lower roll being a little more rapidithan. that of the upper r01.

The retaining tools b are recipro'oat'ed towards and away from each other in guides 2'; whereby they allow a small tuft of the coat to pass therebetween and then retain it while-the tools 6 hip the hairs and tear them out in their backward movement during which they remain pressed against each other.

The retaining tools. are constituted by a pair of round-edged plates 1; reciprocated in their respective planes in a directionat, right angles to the axis of the bar. Said tools 17. may have various designs provided they retain their features, that is, their acting as jaws to nip the hairs and their being guided in their reciprocatory motion.

The tools are at all times positiiihed symmetrically with respect to the horizontal plane -II--II and each of them is actuated" by a rod 0 connected at one end thereof; with said"- tool b and at its other endzwith a movablepart, e; g; a crank m rockable about a shaft s. In Figa 2 the same Arabian figures: are used to denote the corresponding positions or the: tuft=retaining tool b and of the pivot Z on the circle d: The unaccented figures relate to the lower tool and the accented ones to the upper tool;

The pulling tools e are mounted resiliently on one end of a rod fwhose other-end is journalled at q on a crank 12 rigid with crank m and whose middle portion is pivotedto ancccentri'c Q. The same accented and unaccented Arabian figures indicate the positions assumed by the pivots q for the rods 1 on the circles (1 and the corresponding positions each pulling tool end would assume in the absence of the other. In fact, said pulling tools are mounted "resiliently at the ends of the rds b, so that theportions of the paths marked out by points 0, I, 2, 3, 4, 5, p and o, i, 2', 3, 4', 5', p are not described actually since the ends 0 remain pressed against each other and are moved substantially along the segment 0---p.

Synchronisrn in the actions or the two pairs of tools is obtained owil'lg to the fact that the rod 0 that reciprocat'es the tuft-keeping tools is pivoted to the shank m iig'id era-ilk it which itself is rocked by the roo ,fthat aotllats the hair-pulling tools a As shown in Fig; 2,- the angle by which the cranks m and n are offset with respect to each other is such that the pulling tools e will begin to nip the hairs arm to pun theli'i just a little while after the tuft-fkfiifig tools 2: are nearest to each other, which enables" them to act with maximum efieotive'iiss curing the backward stroke of the pulling tools. Moreover as the latter are moving backwards, that is, as the pin q on which the lever f is pivoted to the crank n describes an arc marked out by the points I, 2, 3, 4, on the circle 01, the pin lon which the lever c is pivoted to the crank m will describe an are substantially at right angles to the direction in which the tools b are reciprocated, with the result that the latter are displaced by quite a little amount and remain close to each other during the backward movement of the tools e.

The pulling tools 0 may be mounted resiliently in any suitable manner, be it that each of them is slidably received in a guide rigid with the related lever f and is returned by springs up to an end position in which it will remain as long as it is out of engagement with the companion tool, or that each tool is rigidly secured to one end of an arm h swingable about a pin 70 on rod 1, said arm compressing or extending a spring or a rubber block a by which it is urged towards the end position in which it remains as long as the hairpulling tools are out of engagement with each other.

The shafts for the eccentrics g are coupled with driving means by which they are rotated uniformly and synchronously.

The cranks m and it may be replaced by any other suitable gear leading to the same kinematical results, e. g. by eccentrics m and n as in the embodiment described hereinafter.

Figures 3 and 4 illustrate a preferred embodiment of a machine according to this invention. The tuft-retaining tools b and the hair-pulling tools e are arranged symmetrically with respect to the plane IIII. A pair of shafts t coupled together are driven through the medium of a pair of equal gear wheels u and flexible couplings z.

The upper coupling comprizes a tenon .21 received in a slot 22; this arrangement enables to move the upper tools away from the lower ones by tilting the upper frame half in which said tools are mounted about the shaft to with the aid of a screw 1) rotated by means of a hand-wheel v to provide for an easy access to the tools and mechanisms for adjustment and cleaning purposes. The tool-actuating mechanisms are symmetric with respect to the plane IIII. Each shaft t is mounted in antifriction bearings 11 and is formed with an eccentric journal 9 and carries a balancing weight II. offset by an angle of 180 with respect to the eccentric journal g.

Antifriction bearings are mounted on said eccentric journal 9 and the rod 1 is mounted on said bearings.

The pulling plates e are carried at one end of the rod f by resilient means constituted by a rubber sleeve 7' clamped between the shaft k and the rod end.

The rod is mounted at its other end on an antifriction bearing which in its turn is mounted on an eccentric journal 71/ formed on a shaft s.

The same shaft .9 is formed with a further eccentric journal m offset by a definite angle with respect to the journal n and carrying an antifriction bearing on which is mounted one end of the rod 0. The other end of rod 0 carries a pin that carries an antifriction bearing on which is mounted one end of the tool b to be reciprocated in the guides z.

The machine according to this invention is so arranged that the pelt-supporting bar a is located quite close to the tools b. Same are moved towards each other and enclose a narrow tuft of the coat, whereafter the tools e in turn are moved towards each other to nip the hairs and pull them out thereafter, the tools b ande are moved away from their respective companion tools, then again towards each other, and so on. The hairs torn out are sucked away through the inside of the casing as indicated by the arrow in Fig. 3.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. An automatic mechanism for pulling out the hairs from a pelt which moves around a slender bar adjacent to said mechanism with the flesh side in contact with said bar, comprising two mobile tools, namely, a retaining tool and a pulling tool, each of said tools comprising a pair of elements arranged symmetrically with respect to the same plane which is preferably horizontal and passes through aforesaid bar, said tools being so arranged that the retaining tool is closer to the bar and the pulling tool farther away from said bar, two eccentrics revolving in synchronism around two axes parallel to said rod and disposed symmetrically with regard to aforesaid plane, said eccentrics actuating the two elements of the retaining tool to cause them to move toward one another to hold a tuft from the pelt, and then move away from one another, thus releasing said tuft, and also actuating the two elements of the pulling tool to bring the elements of the pulling tool closer to the elements of the retaining tool, move said elements toward-one another to grip the hairs of the pelt, then move said elements backward to pull the hairs from the pelt and thereafter move said elements away from one another to release the pulled hairs, and rapidly repeating these sequences of operations.

2. A mechanism in accordance with claim 1, comprising a mounted rocking shaft on each eccentric, a crank actuated by an end of each of said shafts, said cranks actuating the two elements of the retaining tool, the other end of each of the shafts each actuating one of the two elements of the pulling tool.

3. An automatic mechanism for pulling out the hairs from a pelt according to claim 1 comprising a resilient mounting for each element of the hair-pulling tool and means for the actuation of said elements whereby same would follow a path beyond the plane of symmetry as said elements are located in the vicinity of the retaining tool and during at least part of their displacement away therefrom if they were not to engage each other on said plane of symmetry.

4. An automatic mechanism for pulling out the hairs from a pelt according to claim 1 comprising a pair of frame halves, supports in the one frame half for all those tool elements and means for their actuation which are located on one side of the plane of symmetry, supports in the other frame half for all those tool elements and means for their actuation which are located on the other side of the plane of symmetry and means to move one frame half away from the other for the purpose of cleaning and inspecting the mechanism and then back into working position.

MARCEL CASSE.

REFERENCES CITED The following referenlces are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 243,152 Mueller June 21, 1881

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