US244845A - John bowles - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) I

v 2Sheeta-Bheet '1'. J. BOWLES.

ROTARY CUTTER.

' No. 244,845. Patented July 26,1881.-

Mtneoweq:

(No' lodl.)

1 2 Sheath-Sheet 2. J. BOWLES.

ROTARY CUTTER.

No. 244,845. Patented Jul ze, 1881.

N. PETERS. MW, Via-Magma. D. C.

UN TE STATES,

PATENT F JOHN BOWLES, or WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF ooLUMBIA, ASSIGNOR OF crn-nnn-nounrn's TQ ASA WHITEHEAD, on SAME rLAoE.

, noTA RY CUTTER.

SPECIFICATION fdrmi ngfpart of Letters Patent no. 244,845, dated July 26, 1881. Application filed May 31,1ss0. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern: r

Be it known that I, JOHN Bo Lns, a citizen of the United States, residing at Washington,

in the county of Washington and District; of Columbia, have invented certain newanduseq ful Improvements in Machines for 'Slittin'g Sheets of Paper; and I do hereby declare the following to be afull, clear, andexact descrip-' tion of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make" and use the same, reference being had to the accompanyin g drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked th ereon, which form a part of this specification.

Figure 1 of the drawings-is a longitudinal sectional view of my improved machine taken through the line :vxof Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a front view of the same, partlyin section. Fig. 3 is a side view, showing the operating gearing. Fig. 4 is side and sectional views of the circular cutter. .Fig. 5'is an enlarged view" of a single tooth of the circular cutter and sections of the same.

This invention relates to certain improvements in machinery adapted for slitting paper commonly called perforating --for example,

sheets of stamps, check-books,and other articles of like nature in which it is desirable "to make one part easily separable from the remainder, and by means'of which the paper can subsequently be separated along the lineof slits' by hand. t y i The paper-perforatin g machines now in use are faulty and are not entirely satisfactory.

In the Howard machine an upper roller provided with a plurality, of punches arranged on the periphery, in combination with a lower roller'having a plurality of holes for the reception of the punches, and a horizontal stripper areempl oyed. I This machine is objectionablefor several reasons, among which may be stated, first, that the sheets are perforated thus: 0 O O-'causingthesheets to stick orcatch in packing upon each other by the burrs on the under side projectinginto or sticking'upon the burrs on 'those above; second, the punches do not always remove the wads from the sheets; third, the holes in the lower roller wear and become too large in a short time for the'punches; and fourth, the metallicstrippers arranged being out are used.

tween the rollers are subject to great friction and wear out in a few days.

In the McAleer machine two disk-knives having their peripheries broken by radial slots and arranged on parallel shafts so that they shall'overlap and penetrate the interposed sheet fromopposite sides and produce a shear- This machine is also objec-.

tionable for the reason that the disk-shaped knives, being alike, have to be nicely and accurately adjusted, so that the radial slots for forming the partitions between the cuts may evenly register with each other in their rotary motion, also when either of the cutters becomes fdrunk or out of true on the Shaft they will fail to coact in producing a neat cut, and the corners of the radial slots are liable to lock and break the intermediate portions, thereby destroying both cutters.

Again, a'machine has been patented in which the combination of a lower grooved wheel and an upper roller with a series of M-shaped teeth for punching the paper, so that in making a perforationthus: l:1-the ends of a tooth will cut across the paper at the ends of the perforation previous to punching out the intermediate' portion. A machine of this construction, to the best of my knowledge, has not been adopted, for the reason that the perforations produced by it do not suit the taste of the trade. I

p Also, a patent has been granted for a rotary or circular cutter having saw-shaped teeth with incisions at intervals, and of a depth extending below the teeth to cause filaments between the line of incisions, thus for the purpose of retaining the sheets together during theprocess of folding, and to facilitate the opening of the folded sheets by simply passing the finger or hand between the Same and separating the filaments that hold the sheets together. It is obvious that a rotary cutter of this construction could not be'used on fine work without incurring the danger of tearing the sheets and causing a loss.

In viev; of; the facts that the present ma chines are liable at times to tear and destroy Lthe sheets (during the operation of perforating masters, pension-agents, and internal-revenue officers require material of the kind to which this invention relates to have the separating or parting line formed by means of slits instead of the ordinary perforated line, the main object of my improvementis to produce. by lancetpointed teeth, a series of narrow slits or cuts barely visible to the naked eye in a sheet of paper, and which renders it capable of being readily severed on the line of consecutive interstices, and also delivering the slit sheets from the machine in condition to be compactly packed upon each other, and be easily handled and readily counted without stickingor catching to one another.

The improvements therefore consist in a rotary cutter having teeth of a peculiar construction.

It also consists, in combination with the rotary cutter, of elastic bands arranged on the periphery of the roller on opposite sides of the cutter in such a manner as to form an elastic feedingsurface and to strip the sheet from the teeth.

It also consists in the combination and arran gement of parts, as will be hereinafter more fully set forth and specifically claimed.

A is the bed of the machine, to which side frames, B B, are attached. These frames carry in suitable journal-boxes the shafts G O and D D. The first of these shafts, O, is preferably that to which the power for propelling the machine is applied, and this may be by means of a hand-crank or any other device by which it can be connected to a suitable motor. Upon this shaft 0 are secured the rollers or rolls E, in number suited to the work required, by means of set-screws a, passing through ahub upon one side of the roll, or they may be held in place by any equivalent device.

The letter 1) represents my improved cutter formed from an annulus of steel, and having upon its periphery the triangular-shaped teeth b. Each tooth is sharpened to a cutting-edge from the base to the point, being dressed toward the edges from a line running through the point and center of the base, and also dressed from the sides of the annulus from the line of the base of the tooth in the direction of the point, so that the tooth tapers to a point from all points of its base, as seen in Figs. 4 and 5 of the drawings. This dressing of the tooth on the sides presenting curved surfaces, as shown in the cross-sections of Fig. 5, is similar to the dressing of lancet-points; hence the term laucet-point in this specification. These lancet-shaped teeth easily but lightly penetrate or puncture the sheet, making rows of clean cuts in and through the paper without removing any particles thereof. The cutter is placed upon the shaft 0 against the straight side of the roll-section E, and held in place by the collar E, an additional part of the roll, which is brought against the perforator, and the whole securely clamped together by the screws M, which pass through the collar and cutter and screw into the part E, thus forming a slitting-roll with the lancet-shaped teeth of the cutter, which is of greater diameter than the roll projecting fromits periphery.

Around the periphery of each roll-section E and collar E is arranged an elastic band, as indicated by dark lines, the thickness of which, when arranged on opposite sides of the cutter, shall correspond with the height of the teeth or slightly below, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings, and act as strippers in throwing off the sheet from the teeth of the cutter, substantially as shown in Fig 1. The rubber bands arranged on opposite sides of the rotary cutter, as described and shown, also constitute an elastic feeding-surface for the roller, thereby preventing any possible liability of the rollers tearing or destroying the sheets being acted upon. The arrangement of the rollers is such that the pressure at the point of contact compresses the elastic band, so as to allow the teeth to protrude. It is obvious that as the teeth act upon the material the elastic band yields to allow the teeth to perform their duty, and as the material, after slitting, advances with the roll it is removed by the band returning to its normal condition, substantially as shown in Fig. 1.

By the employment of a rotary cutter havin g its teeth arranged and shaped as described and shown I am enabled to make clean cuts in the sheet without the formation of objectionable burrs and make the slits so close and narrow that when the sheet is torn apart at the line of separation the edges of the pieces will be comparatively smooth.

The shaft 0 is placed beneath the shaft 0 and carries the receiving-rolls F, in number corresponding to the number of slitting-rolls employed. These rolls are also secured upon their shafts by set-screws a in the same manner as the slitting-rolls, so that they may be readily moved and secured at any desired distance from each other as the requirements of the work to be done may demand. In the periphery of each of these rolls F is formed the annular groove D which, when the machine is in operation, receives the projecting teeth of the cutter b. It will therefore be apparent that when a sheet of paper or other material is passed through the rolls, as shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings, the lancet-shaped teeth of the cutter will pass through the paper into the groove b forming a line or series of slits, and that any failure of the roll F to register with the slitting-roll in its rotation will not endanger the teeth of the cutter, as they will always enter the groove, no matter what the relative speed of the rolls may be 3 but in order to secure as near an equal rotation as possible the shafts O and U are provided with and have firmly secured thereto the gear-wheels G and G, the teeth of which engage, and,were it not for the lost motion or backlash accompanying the use of such gears, would secure a perfectly synchronous movement of the two shafts.

The drawing-rolls H H are mounted upon the shafts D D, placed a short distance in the rear of the slitting-rolls. These drawing-rolls are rotated by means of the gear-wheels I I, secured to the shafts D D through the idle 5 pinion J, turning upon a stud, 0, attached to the side frame of the machine, said idler receiving its motion from the gear G upon the shaft 0. The object of these rolls is to draw the paper from the slitting-rolls and to prevent its adhering to the latter, thereby becoming torn and arresting for a time the operation of the machine while it is'cleared from the fragments, and reduce any burr that may be i made by slitting-rollers, and may be heated by steam or gas.

A feeding-table or other suitable apparatus, K, is attached to the frame in front of the slitting-rolls, from which the sheets of paper are fed to the machine, either by hand or one of the many feeding devices heretofore employed for similar purposes. Y It will be seen that the journal-boxes of th shaft 0 are provided with adjusting-screws d, by which they are so adjusted as to cause the surfaces of the slitting-rolls and rolls F to bear upon the material passing between them with sufficient force to make them act as feeding-rolls; and, as their peripheries move at the same speed as that of the drawing-rolls, it is evident that the paper or other material will be kept straight in its course through the machine and be delivered by the drawing-rolls without danger of mutilation and consequent loss during its passage. 5 What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The rotary cutter hereinbefore described, having its slitting or puncturing teeth sharpened to a cutting-edge from the base to the 40 point, dressed toward the edges from a line running through the point and the center of the base, dressed on the sides of the annulus from the line of the base of the teeth to the point, whereby each tooth tapers to a point 5 from all points of its base, as described.

2. In combination with a circular cutter, one or more elastic bands arranged on one or both sides of the circular cutter, serving a twofold purpose -to wit, an elastic feeding-surface and a stripper-substantially as hereinbefore ,described. e

3. The combination of the lower peripherally-grooved receiving-roller and the upper roller carrying a centrally-arranged circular cutter having a series of slitting or puncturing teeth of the construction described, and provided with elastic bands arranged on opposite sides of the circular cutter, serving a twofold purpose-to wit, an elastic feeding-surface to the roller, and strippers for removing the sheets from the upper roller-substantially as described.

4. A combined feeding and slitting roller having the centrally-arranged circular cutter provided with the lancet-shaped teeth and elastie bands arranged on opposite sides of the circular cutter, the upper surfaces of which are flush with or extend slightly beyond the point of the teeth, as described, and for the purpose set forth.

5. In combination with the lower peripherally-grooved receiving-roller and the upper roller carrying the centrally-arranged rotary cutter provided with the slitting or puncturing teeth of the construction described, and having elastic bands arranged on opposite sides ofthe rotary cutter and acting as elastic feeding-surface and strippers, the drawing-rolls arranged in rear of the slitting-rollers for the purpose of reducing the burrs formed by the cutters, and other results, as hereinbefore described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

J N 0. BO WLES.

, Witnesses:

A. G. HEYLMUN, D. D. KANE.

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