US2447466A - Lock shingle - Google Patents

Description

Aug, E?, i948. M. G. oRElLLY I f 2,447,466

LOCK SHINGLE Filed Jan. 19, 1946 fmwui@ Patented Aug. 17, 1948 LCCK SHINGLE Martin G. OReilly, Chicago, Ill., assigner to Ford Roofing Products Com poration of Illinois pany, Chicago, Ill., a cor- Application January 19, 1946, Serial No. 642,302

2 Claims.

1 This invention relates shingles.

Lock shingles are generally made from flexible material called prepared roofing and are of such design as to provide formations adapted to interlock with adjacent shingles to assist in holding the exposed lower portion of the shingle against curling or flexure. It is thus possible to effect economies by making the shingle much larger than would be possible with material of this flexibility without increasing the danger to leakage which would otherwise be present owing to the ease with which flexible material of this character can be bent up by wind during storms unless the lower edge thereof be fastened down. The interlocking elements if eiiicient generally result in a shingle of complex contour which results in an unconventional or unpleasing shingle pattern on the roof. Moreover it is difficult to cut shingles of this character from the sheetV roofiing material without waste. Production of waste is objectionable not so much because of loss due to waste material but to the impossibility of preventing pieces of waste from lodging between the shingles in a package and therefore discoloring or marring the surface of the shingle.

Among other objects the invention aims to provide an efiiclent and improved lock shingle which presents a regular or conventional shingle pattern in the roof and yet which may be cut wthout waste. Heretofore lock shingles which have presented a regular, e. g. rectangular shingle outline, have involved the use of an excessive amount of roofing material, and the exposed shingle pattern has been limited or determined by the design or dimensions of the locking elements.

Another object of the invention is to provide a shingle of this character which may be nailed or fastened to the roof closely adjacent the bottom of the exposed shingle tab without exposing the nail.

'Ihe nature of the invention may be readily understood by reference to one illustrative shingle and its method of manufacture shown in the accompanying drawing.

In said drawing:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of the illustrative shingle;

Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating the manner of cutting the shingles without waste from a sheet of roong material. 'Ihe diagram illustrates a sheet of roofing material having a width correspending to the depth of only one shingle but it will be understood that in practice the roofing sheet is wide enough to provide a plurality of rows of shingles thus cut; and

to so-called lock Fig. 3 is a plan view of a portion of a roof surface covered by a plurality of courses o-f interlocked shingles of the type illustrated in Fig. 1.

The illustrative shingle which may be preferably cut from so-called prepared roofing which is flexible in character, comprises a rectangular exposer body portion I0 having straight and parallel upper and lower edges II and I2. Projecting from each side edge are head tabs I3 whose combined width preferably equals the Width of the body portion IIJ. Below the head tabs and projiect'ing from an intermediate middle portion of the body are nailing tabs It adapted to receive nails for attaching the shingle. The nailing tabs are preferably made'substantially wide at their i lower portions I5 so as to allow substantial latitude in the placing of a nail. Often, owing to the character of the surface over which the shingles are applied, it is impossible for the workman to place the nail at the same point in each tab. It is necessary to shift the nail to a point over a rm spot underneath the tab. The wide lower portion is provided on the nailing tab by cutting the side edge I 5a of the tabs so as to diverge outwardly toward the lower edge of the tab. The latter is provided with a locking notch I6 which preferably aligns with the imaginary side edge I'I of the body portion. The notch is formed simply by slitting the roong material and preferably not removing any material which may become lodged between shingles in a bundle. The notch is adapted to interlock with an adjacent shingle as next described.

Projecting from the lower portion of the shingle and preferably in line with the lower edge thereof are locking tabs I8 adapted to seat in the notches I6 of adjacent shingles. The locking tab i8 is here shown of the same depth as the notch i6 so that when the shingles of one course are interlocked with the shingles of the next lower course, the lower edge I2 will register with the edges I5 of the nailing tabs of the next lower course. By reference to Fig, 2 it will be observed that the contour of the side edge of a shingle is complementary with that of another shingle in reversed position. Thus the material for forming the wide lower portion of the nailing tabis provided by narrowing the upper portion I9 of the nailing tab of the complementary shingle. The locking tabs I8 of each shingle are complementary withnotches cut in the concealed upper corners of the head tabs I3 of the complementary shingle.

In the illustrative shingle the head tabs and nailing tabs each occupy one-third of the height the head tabs I3 of each course are abutted and,

aligned. Thus each course comprises a series of body portions IIl separated by spaces of a width'.

equal to that of the body. portion. The next overlying course is staggeredso'that"`the:bodyr portions of the shingles of 'that' course regis'- ter with the spaces between the shingles of the course below.

As each course is laid the shingles are nailed by driving nails 2l through the nailing tabs I'4 i wherever the workman finds a rm spot underneath the-:tahtv lrefer'ablytll"e-r1-ails should be located fairly Lclose Lto 'thefllower edge :of *the Vtabs since*the@interlock4 Vwith the 'adjoining' vshingle occurs -at this point; After :thus Ynailingja'course of `shingles l=th"efnext vcourse is I applied by: inserting eachflocking tab I8`ina notch'lof the lower shingle ein the ysaid lower course-andthe body the 'sai'dlower -"course, The lower edge "I 2 `-of the shlnglespf'one coursealignswith the lower edges I 5fof"the#underlying nailing'I tabs thus providing a11--ex'1: osedv dublethicknessof roofing at the lower edgefof the shingle toprovide'a'heavy sh'adow-` line whichimproves the appearance or textureo'f thereof. If' desired, ,the locking tabs. I8"may be partly notched ata pointin'alignment witl'mctch I6. In that event the notch I6 `is made shorter.- The combined depth of the notches should equal 'th'e depth of the `locking'` tab-I8 so that the ylower edge ofthe shingle I2'v will' register with the r`edge I .i ofv thev` underlying;

nailingftab'.'

'Successive' courses -of shingles-` are thusl laid; the-"shingles of' one 4course being staggered relative to-those of thenext lower course.' The resultaritsh'ingle outline' or pattern is 'a verygdesir` able-oneg namelyvthat providedby a series Aof plain-staggered rectangles Whose depth is itwothirdsof'fthe `total Y' depth of the shingle; While theside edges ofthe exposed rectangular :areas are in alignment with th'ose ofr the next lower coursey it `will *benoted that at all pointe` sumcient side underlap -is provided to' prevent v.lealiagef The-minimum underlapoccurs at .the top I9: oifleachA nailing tab but at this point av third thickness lof'rooiing that comprising thev head tabl-I3l'ofthe underlying: shingle of the second lower cou-rse, registers with the nailing tab.

vDespitey thesubstantial width ofythe'shingles, the lower edge I2 of each shingle is firmly fastened at itsccrners by the lockingtabs I8 which are 'in turn heldV down by the closely adjacent underlying nail which passes vth'roughthe locking tab I4"' atI a 'point closely; adjacent:v the '.point' of interlock. Withoutv sacrifice in protectionA at points where it is required and without modiiication=ofi-thewrectarigular shingle pattern,l itis possibleby-tapering'the nailing tabs as shown to provide a substantial areaior receiving a nailat a --point closelyadjacent the locked vcorner ofthe lower edge of the overlying course of shingles: The=-workman mayfthus'locate 'the *nail at arm spot on the underlying supporting surface. This is important because shingles of this character are often laid over old shingled surfaces which because of their irregularity do not provide points of uniform rmness to which' the shingles may be nailed. If a nail be driven at a soft or hollow spot the shingle is very often broken .when drivingrin the nail. With thelpresentshin'gle the lower portion of the nailing tab is of suflicient area to make it possible to locate the nail at a firm spot and thereby to avoid breakage of the sbingle' in nailing.

Obviously. the invention is not limited to the detailssofthe illustrative shingle or its method ofi;manuiacture since these may be variously modified.' Mreover it is not indispensable that all featuresrof the invention be used conjointly since various.. features may be used to advantage in different combinations and sub-combinations.

Having described my invention, YI claim:

` 1E A lock shingle comprising in combination-a rectangular body portion having straight top-and bottom edges and having projectinggfrom'each side edge a head tab, an intermediate nailingtab'; an'd'a locking tab at the bottom edge oithe shingle, the inner ends of said intermediate and;

locking tabs being in alignment withthe"ad'ja= centside edge ci said body portion; tlle'contourV of 'each side 'of "th'e shingle being complementary withthat of another like shingle in'reversedzpos'ition so that said shingles may be'cut' 'fromrooiing'V material without waste, said nailing'f'talis'having'A their outer side edges divergingv downwardly'to' increase the area of each nailingtab adjacent its'.

lower edge vwithout increasing the total varea of the l'nailing tab, notch means for interlocking the locking tab of an adjacent shingle witha nailing-I tab inline `with a side edge of said Arectangular' body,- therebyA to expose only saidV rectangular bodyportion, the wider lower Aportionsofgsaid nailingt'abs providing substantial nailing-areas closely adjacent Isaid interlockingmeans;

2. Allock shingle comprising in combination a* rectangular exposed body portion 'havingI nailingY vtabsprojecting from its opposite side edges intermediate the top and bottom edges thereof and" havinglocking tabs projecting from saidoppo'- site'side edges adjacent said bottom edges;I said nailing tabs being tapered by having their-side edges diverging toward said bottom edge so that thev nailing tabs are substantially wider at their bottoms than .at their tops, notch means adjacent vthe wider lower ends of said nailing tabs and in alignment with the side edges of said rectangular body portion for forming an interlocking connection with a locking tab of an adjacent shingle which overlies said nailing tab, the wider lower portions of ysaid nailing tabs-providingsubstantial'areas adjacent the interlocking connec-V .tions to receive Lfastening nails.

MARTIN OREILLY;`

REFERENCES "CITED i The following references are of recordin the le of this patent:

UNTED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date' 1510,535v Abraham4 Oct; 7,` 1924' 13669,981 Harris May'v15, 1928' 1,674,008 Guy June 19,11928' 1,825,576 Butterick Sept; 29,` v1931' 2,050,218" Abraham Aug;` v4, 11936*

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