US2439498A - Fuel injecting pump - Google Patents

Description

p llf, 1948. I as. WALLACE v 2,439,498

FUEL INJECTING PUMP Filed April 26, 1944 3 Shaets-Sheet l 'jmm/m 1 April 13, 1948. R. B. WALLACE .FUEL INJECTING PUMP Filed April 26, 1944 3 Sheets-Shani 2 April 13, 1348. R. a. WALLACE FUEL INJECTING PUMP Filed April 26, 1944 s Sheets-Shee t s AM LE I Patented Apr. 13, 1948 UNITED. STATES PATENT orsics 2,439,491; rum. mmc'mzo. rum

R Russell Bruce Wallace, Plymouth, Mich. 7

Application Apr-i126, 1e44, Serial No. saaaso The invention relates to pumps and the embodimentherein disclosed is designed for iniectin iuel into the cylinders of'an internal combustion engine.

One object or the invention is to provide an emclent and reliable pump which may be easily and inexpensively manufactured without extremely accurate machining of parts.

Another object is to provide a construction which will not be injured by sand or other gritty substances in the liquid being pumped.

A still further object is to provide a single rotatable cam disk for successively operating a plurality of pump units, said cam disk being shiitable axially toward and ircm actuating elements of said pump units to vary the strokes of the same and thus vary the pump output.

Yet another object is to make novel provision for utilizing fluid under pressure, preferably the lubricating oil or an engine, for controlling the shifting of the aforesaid cam disk as required.

A further object is to provide a novel diaphragm type pump in which both sides of each diaphragm will be subjected to pressure, to minimize the stresses thereon.

Still another object is to provide for automatic control 01 the pump output, when the pump is used for fuel injecting purposes, by means actuated by pressure variances in the air intake of the engine.

With the foregoing and minor objects in view, the invention resides in the novel subject matter hereinafter described and claimed, description being accomplished by reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 is a side elevation showing the pump and controlling means therefor operatively connected with an engine.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged vertical sectional view partly in. elevation.

Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view on line 3-3 of Fig- 2.

Fig. 4 is a bottom plan view of the cam disk.

Fig. 5 is a sectional perspective view showing the connecting means between the two control valves, and portions of the automatic and manual operating means for said connecting means.

Fig. 6 is a horizontal sectional view on line 8-6 of Fig. 5.

A preferred construction has been illustrated and will be rather specifically described, with the understanding, however, that within the scope or the invention as claimed, variations may be made.

A lower cup-like casing section In is provided,

said section having a continuous flange H at its open upper end. A central upstanding sleeve i2 is integral with or otherwise fluid-tightly secured to the bottom ll of the casing section I0, said sleeve being provided with an external upwardly facing shoulder l4 preferably in the plane of the top suri'ace or the flange ii. The bottom It is integral with or otherwise rigidly joined to the upper end of a sleeve-like stub It to be suitably secured in a boss or the like it on the crank case I! or an internal combustion engine i8. In this stub It, a vertical shaft is is rotatably mounted, said shalt being provided with a gear. at in the present disclosure. to be driven by a coactlng gear on the cam shaft or other suitable part or the engine it. A collar ii is shown secured to the shaft i9 and resting on the upper extremity oi the sleeve it to prevent downward end play of said shaft, upward end play being prevented by means hereinafter described.

Resting upon the flange ii is a partition disk it which also rests upon the shoulder it, said disk 22 having a central opening 23 through which the upper portion or the sleeve l2 extends. The partition disk 22 carries a circular series of cups to which project downwardly into the chamber at below said disk, said cups being open at the upper side of this disk. A iuei line 2t extends to the chamber 2t from the conventional fuel.

pump all oi the engine it, and each of the cups it is provided with an appropriate connection it having a valved inlet 29 communicating with said chamber 25, each of said connections it also having an outlet 3d. The outlets oi. the various couplings are suitably connected with lines ti for supplying the fuel to the engine cylinders.

A diaphragm disk 32 rests on the partition disk 22, and portions 83 of said diaphragm disk extend across the open upper ends of the cups 2t. Suita central opening 39 through which the portion of the sleeve l2 above the shoulder l4 extends. gurrounding this sleeve portion and resting on screws 45, resting on the collars 40, and having a central opening 48 through which the portion of the sleeve l2 above said collar, extends. A clamping nut 41 is threaded upon the upper extremity of the sleeve l2 and bears against the disk 44 to clamp it tightly against the collar 40 and to clamp the three disks 81, 32 and 22 between said collar and the shoulder l4. The disk 44 carries guide bushings 48 for the stems 34 and any suitable provision such as the stud and groove connections 49, may be employed to pre- 7 vent rotation of said stems in said bushings.

The top of the casing section 4| is integral with or otherwise fluid-tightly joined to a cylinder 50 which projects downwardly therefrom, the lower end of said cylinder being in open communication with the chamber 5| within the casing section 4|. Both rotatable and slidable in the cylinder 50 is a disk or piston 52 which is splined at 53 on the shaft i9 to be driven by the latter. The lower side of the disk 52 carries a single cam 54 which is successively cooperable with the stems 34 to depress them and thus expel fuel from the cups 24 through the lines 3|,

to the engine cylinders. The disk or piston 52 is upwardly biased by a spring 55 resting on the nut 41, a thrust bearing 55 being preferably interposed between said spring and said disk or piston. In the present disclosure, each stem 34 is formed with a rounded head 51 cooperable with the cam 54, but obviously a roller could be substituted for said head, if desired.

. The shaft I9 is reduced above the spline 53 and is rotatably mounted in a bushing 58 which may well abut the shaft shoulder 58 to hold said shaft against upward end play.

An oil line 80 communicates with the lubricating system of the engine l5, said line having two branches 8| and 52. The branch 4| communicates through a restricted orifice I! with the chamber 5| and thus the lower side of the disk or piston 52 is subjected to the oil pressure pumped to said chamber 5| by the usual engine oil pump. The other branch 42 of the line 50 communicates with the chamber 54 above the disk or piston 52 through a restricted orifice 55, and thus the upper side of said disk or piston is also subjected to the pressure of the oil pumped into the chamber 84. One outlet valve 58 is provided for the chamber 5|, and another outlet valve 61 is employed for the chamber 44, these valves being connected with an oil return line 68 for returning the oil to the engine. In the present disclosure, the line 45 is connected with the usual oil flller pipe 59 of the engine. In the present disclosure, the valves 54 and 51 are of the rotary plug type and their plugs are connected with each other by appropriate connecting means 10 to cause one valve to gradually open and the other to gradually close, andvice versa, as said connecting means are operated. The connecting means 10 preferably includes an adjustment H for initially setting the two va relatively.

The connecting means 10 is adjustably linked at I2 to a known diaphragm unit 13 which may well be mounted on a bracket 14 secured by some of the bolts 43 above described. A line 15 extends to the diaphragm unit 13 from the air intake 18 of the engine i8, said air intake having a throttle valve 11 operable by a foot pedalor the like 78.

A hand control is indicated at 18, for longitudinally moving a control wire 80, which wire is slidably connected by a suitable means 8| with the connecting means 10 of the two valves 66 and 81. Thus, these valves.while automatically operable under the influence of pressure variances in the air intake 16, may also be actuated by hand, whenever desired.

It will be seen that rotation of the shaft l9 drives the disk or piston 52 to cause its cam 54 to successively depress the actuating stems 34 of the circular series of pump units, stem-depression and ascent (undenthe influence of the spring 35) pro,- ducing the required pumping action to take the pump-supplied fuel from the chamber 24 and supply it to the engine cylinders. It will be obvious that the extent to which the stems 34 are depressed, will be governed by the position of the piston or disk 52 and, therefore, the position of this latter element will control the output from the pump units. The disk or piston 52 is positionally controlled by the pressure differential or the lack of such, in the chambers 5| and 64, and said pressure differential or lack of same is caused by the positions of the valves 66 and 61. The valve positions are obtained, either manually through the control 18 or automatically through the diaphragm unit I3 which is actuated by and is thus under the influence of pressure in the air intake 16 of the engine. It will thus be seen that the fuel supplied to the engine cylinders may be readily controlled according to requirements.

Attention is invited to the fact that each diaphragm is subjected to fluid pressure on both of its sides (011 above and fuel below) and is thus relieved of the serious strains encountered in the common diaphragm-type pumps in which only one side of the diaphragm is subjected to pressure. Moreover, when the supply of oil to chamber 5| is furnished by the usual engine lubricating system and automatically controlled in accordance with pressure variances in the engine air intake, as in the present disclosure, the oil becomes an auxiliary regulating factor for the richness of the mixture, for at idling speeds, (low oil pressure) each diaphragm bows or flexes more under the influence of the fuel forced into the cup or chamber 24 at each intake stroke of the diaphragm, thus,

causing each pump to admit more fuel, and this fuel supplied to the engine gives the required richness for idling speeds.

As excellent results may be attained from the structure herein disclosed, it may be considered as preferred. However, attention is again invited for limiting the movement of said pump-actuatingelement toward said piston, ,means on said oneside of said piston and cooper ble with said pump-actuating element for forcing t away from said piston during part of each revolution of said therein, means whereby said piston may be rotated, a pump-actuating element at one side ofsaid piston and biased toward the latter, means for limiting the movement of said pump-actuating element toward said piston, means on said one side of said piston and cooperable with said pump-actuating element for forcing it away from said piston during. part of each revolution of said piston, and means connected with said cylinder at opposite sides or said piston for admitting and exhausting a controlling fluid to axially shift said piston and vary the stroke imparted to said pumpactuating element.

3. A pump comprising a casing, a partition dividingsaid casing into two chambers, a liquid inlet into one of said chambers, a circular series of pumps carried by said partition and including inlets communicating with said one of said chambers, said pumps having actuating elements biased away from said one of said chambers and exposed in the other of said chambers, means for limiting the movement of said actuating elements away from said one of said chambers, a rotatable and slidable piston in said other or said chambers and having its axis alined with the center of said circular series of pumps, means whereby said piston may be rotated, means on said piston for successively forcing said actuating elements toward said one of said chambers as said piston rotates, said casing having a, cylinder in which said piston is operable, and means for admitting a controlling fluid to and exhausting it from said cylinder to shift said piston axially to vary the stroke of said actuating elements.

4. A pump comprising a casing, a partition dividing said casing into two chambers, one of which is provided with'a liquid inlet, said partition having a circular series of cups projecting into said one of said chambers, said cups having their open ends disposed toward the other of said chambers, said cups each having liquid admission and discharge means, the former of which is in valved communication with said one chamber to conduct liquid from this chamber to said cups, diaphragms secured across the open ends of said cups, operating means for said diaphragms including stems projecting from said diaphragms into said other of said chambers and a rotary cam in this chamber cooperable with said stems, and fixed guides for said stems.

5. A pump comprising a lower cup-like liquidreceiving casing section having a continuous flange at its upper end, said casing section having a liquid inlet, a central sleeve secured to the bottom of said casing section and projecting above the plane of said flange, said sleeve having an external upwardly facin shoulder near its upper end, a partition resting on said flange and said shoulder and having a central opening through which said sleeve extends, said partition having a circular series of upwardly open downwardly projecting cups, said cups each having liquid admission and discharge means, the former of which is in valved communication with said casing sec- '6 tion, a diaphragm disk resting on said partition and extending across the open ends of said cups, 9. hold-down disk resting on said diaphragm disk and having a central opening through which said sleeve extends, said hold-down disk having apertures exposing the portions of said diaphragm disk which extend across the open ends of said cups, upwardly projecting stems secured to said exposed portions of said diaphragm disk, an upper inverted cup-like casing section having a continuous flange lying upon said hold-down disk over the aforesaid flange,fasteners securing said flanges together and clamping the two disks and partition between them, a stem-guiding disk within said upper casing section and having a central opening through which said sleeve extends, said stem-guiding disk being provided with guides through which the aforesaid stems extend, spacing means on said sleeve between said hold-down disk and said stem-guiding disk, a clamping nut threaded on the upper end of said sleeve and lying upon said stem-guiding ,disk, an operating shaft rotatable in said sleeve and having a disk within said upper casing section, and means on said disk for successively depressing said stems as said disk is rotated.

6. A pump comprising a cup-dike liquid-re ceiving casing having a liquid inlet, a disk secured to said casing and closing the open side thereof, said disk having a circular series of cups projecting into said casing, the bottoms of said cups be ng disposed toward the bottom of said projecting into said casing, the bottoms of said cups being disposed toward the bottom of said cas ng, each of said cups having liquid admission and d scharge means, the former of which is in valved communication with said casing to conduct liquid from said casing to said cups, diaphragms secured to said disk and extending across the open ends of said cups, a sleeve extending from the bottom of said casing through said disk, a rotary shaft extending through said sleeve, a cam disk'on said shaft in outwardly spaced relation with the aforesaid disk, actuating stems secured to said diaphragms and cooperable with said cam disk, and flxed guides for said stems.

8. In a pump of the type in which a rotary disk actuates a-pumping means, and in which the output of said pumping means is variable by axially shifting said rotary disk; a cylinder containing said rotary disk and disposed in fluidtight contact with the peripheral edge thereof to permit said disk to also constitute a piston,

and means for conducting fluid to and from said cylinder to effect required axial shifting of the combined rotary disk and piston.

9. In a pump of the type in which a rotary disk actuates a pumping means, and in which the output of said pumping means is variable by axially shifting said rotary disk; a cylinder containing said rotary disk and disposed in fluidtight contact with the peripheral edge thereof to permit said disk to also constitute a piston,

ing section having a liquid inlet, a central sleeve secured to the bottom of said casing section and projecting above the upper end of said casing section, said sleeve having an external upwardly facing shoulder near its upper end, a partition resting on said upper end of said casing section and said shoulder and having a central opening through which said sleeve extends, said partition having a circular series of upwardly open downwardiy projecting cups, said cups each having liquid admission and discharge means, the former of which is in valved communication with said casing section, a diaphragm disk resting on said partition and extending across the open ends of said cups, a hold-down disk resting on said diaphragm disk and having a central opening through which said sleeve extends, said holddown disk' having apertures exposing the portions of said diaphragm disk which extend across the open ends of said cups, upwardly projecting stems secured to said exposed portions of said diaphragm disk, an upper inverted cup-like casing section resting upon the portion of said holddown disk which overlies the side wall of said lower easing section, fastening means securing the two casing sections together and clamping the two disks and partition between them, a stem-guiding disk within said-upper casing section and having a central opening through which said sleeve extends, said stem-guiding disk being said stems extend, spacing means on said sleeve between said hold-down disk and said stemguiding disk, a clamping nut threaded on the upper end of said sleeve and lying upon said stem-guiding disk, an operating shaft rotatable in said sleeve and having a disk within said upper casing section, and means on said disk for suc- 8 cessively depressing said stems as said disk is rotated.

11. In a fuel feeding means for an internal combustion engine, a diaphragm and meansdriven by said engine for operating said diaphragm, means providing a fuel chamber at one side of said diaphragm, means providing an oil chamber at the other side of said diaphragm, a fuel pump driven by said engine, fuel-conducting means extending from said fuel-pump to said fuel chamber, fuel-discharge means from said fuel chamber to said engine, and oil-conducting means extending from the lubricating system of said engine to said oil chamber to conduct lubricating oil under pressure to said oil chamber,

whereby the oil pressure within said oil chamber will minimize the pumping stresses on said diaphragm.

,provided with guides through which the afore- 12. A structure as specified in claim 11; together with means for controlling the oil pressure in said 011 chamber.

RUSSELL BRUCE WALLACE.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the I file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 44,978 Rowe Nov. 8, 1864 920,629 Nutz May 4, 1909 1,668,919 Lundstrom May 8, 1928 1,715,735 Banning, Jr. June 4, 1929 1,746,335 Boyce Feb. 11, 1930 2,018,111 Babitch Oct. 22, 1935 2,022,660 Flint Dec. 3, 1935 2,107,079 Mentele Feb. 1, 1938 2,114,443 Foisy Apr. 19, 1938 2,126,709 Alden Aug. 16, 1938' 2,148,112 Dillstrom Feb. 21, 1939 2,165,896 Charter July 11, 1939 2,253,467 Hurst Aug. 19, 1941 2,272,771 Hawley Feb. 10, 1942 2,273,670 Udale Feb. 17, 1942 2,344,565 Scott Mar. 21, 1944 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 174,763 Switzerland Apr. 16, 1936' 322,117 Italy 1934

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