US2413124A - Loading machine - Google Patents

Description

'Dec. 24 1946. w. G. VAN VOORHIS LOADING MACHINE Filed Sept. 20: 1944 3 Sheets-Sheet l D 24,1946. w. G. IVAN VQORHIS 2, 13,124

LOADING MACHINE 3 Sheet s-Sheet 2 Filed Sept. 20, 1944 [I'll ll\l lllll ll M 3 MW 760 r586 Viva y/ 7% xalmaw. G. VAN vooRms ,413,1 4

LOADING MACHINE Filed Sept. 20, 1944 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 II II w 5 a 9 W H H I Z a 9 4 v 4 in M 7 FL z E w I I I I I II a 11 avvumlkw 221m 6 fan/607 2M yaw.

Patented Deci 24, 1946 LOADING MACHINE William G. Van Voorhis, Columbus, Ohio, as-

signor to The J aeger Machine Company,

Columbus, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Application September 20, 194%, Serial No. 554,923

3 Claims. 3

This invention relates to loading machines and, more particularly, to loading machines of the type utilizing an automotive base vehicle havin mounted on one end thereof a power line actuand the accompanying drawings, wherein:

' machine formed in accordance with the present (iii. 2ld102) Fig. l .is a side elevational view of a loading invention;

Fig. 2 is a top plan view thereof;

ated drag scoop, the latter being adapted for 6 Fig. 3 is a front elevational view of the maturning movement about vertical and horizontal chine, disclosing the'boom and scoop in an e1eaxes in order to receive, lift and laterally swing vated position at one side of the machine for materials contained therein to various discharge discharge of the scoop contents into an associpositions. ated vehicle;

It is an object'of the invention t provide a Fig. 4 is a vertical transverse sectional view loading machine of this character wherein 1m ken through the boom and the associ te sc pproved power actuated means, under the conon the plane indicated by the line 4 4 of Fig. venient control of the machine perato r pro- Fig. 5 is a horizontal sectional view on the plane vided for advancing the scoop when in a lowered indicated the line position into the material to be loaded and there- Fi 6 i a f men y pl vi w 0n the Plane after to raise, lower and swing the scoop in verindicated at 6-6 of Fig. 3. I tlcal and/or horizontal arcs to cause it to assume Referring mo part ul rly o the drawin s a desired position of horizontal-elevation and the numeral 0 desi s chassis frame of material discharge. I an automotive base vehicle forming a part of It is another object of the invention to provide my improved loading machine, the numeral II a loading machine of this character with imdesign imm ri l-han ling scoop-shovel proved cable actuating means, operated byfpower other load carrier, the numeral [2 designates the derived from the engine of a basevehicl, for oom employed in the raising and lowe in o effecting lineal advance of the drag line scoop the scoop to cause the latter to assume desired along a horizontally disposed boom into the mapositions of material gathering and discharge, terials to be loaded, the boom having its inner end and the numeral I 3 designates a vertical vehiclepivotally mounted on the base vehicle for 't'urn- I carried mast to which the boom is pivotal y united I ing movement about horizontal and vertical axes, at one en for urnin movement about horizonwhereby when the scoop is loaded, said cable acl d Vertical tuating means is operated to raise the boom and The most is carried by the frame ID at its forits scoop vertically to desired material-dlschargward or loading end and is disposed over a P ing positions. of ground-engaging power driven traction wheels It is a further object of the invention to proll. Mounted on the frame It is a power plant vide a loading machine of the character indicated in the form of an internal combustion engine I5 wherein the pivotally mounted boom is formed so having a changep d is i n of c with a guideway for the movable support and ventional design, adapted to impart power in any guidance of a scoop-supporting carriage, the outsuitable manner to the wheels I4. The end of the er end of the guideway being angularly disposed frame l0 opposite to the wheels I4 is provided in an upwardly inclined direction so that when with steering wheels, not shown, which maybe the scoop reaches the outer end of the boom, the 4 manipulated by the customary steering control same will be so disposed as to facilitate the dls- I'I, located conveniently to the operator's posicharge of materials therefrom through the retion I8. lease of a swinging door provided at the back of The mast includes a tubular column l9 which is the scoop. rotatably supported at its lower end in connec- Still a further object of the invention is to protion with bearings provided on the frame Ill and vide a loading machine of this nature charac at its upper end in a bearing 20 projecting from terized by the simplicity of its mechanical conthe machinery-confining casing 2| of the frame. struction, the ease by which its operation may The bottom of the column has fixed thereto a be governed, and its compact and sturdy mechanworm gear segment 22, the teeth of which mesh ical design which renders the machine adaptable with an engine-driven worm 23, by means of for hard usage over extended periods of service which the column may be'rotated about its vertiwithout mechanical failure. cal axis. Formed with and arising from the seg- For a further understanding of the invention, ment 22 are'ears 24 to which are pivoted for reference is to be had to the following description turning movement about .a horizontal axis the inner ends of a pair of boom rails 25, the latter being disposed on opposite sides of an inverted U-shaped beam 26, while the rails 25 are of channel-shaped formation to provide open-sided guides. The rails 25 and the beam 26 are rigidly united in spaced orderby transverse bars 21 to form the complete boom.

Mounted for longitudinal travel in the guides provided by the rails 25 are rollers 28, the latter being mounted on inwardly projecting studs formed with a pair of carriage plates 29. The lower edges of these plates are pivotally united as at 30 with the vertical sides SI of the scoop H, so that the latter may be adjusted to raise or lower the operating positions of its forward edge 32, such adjustment being maintained by bolts 33 carried by the plates 29 and which are adapted for insertion into one of a plurality of openings formed in each of the sides 3| of said scoop. The forward end of the scoop is open a and the openable rear end of the scoop is normally closed by a swinging back wall or dumping door 34, the latter being pivotally mounted as at 35 in connection with the upper rear end of the scoop.

The door 34 is normally held in its scoop-closing position by providing the sides of the scoop with a pair of pivoted bolts 36. The threaded free ends of these'bolts receive nuts 31 against which press the outer ends of a pair of coil springs 38, the opposite ends of the latter being passes upwardly and is trained over one of the guide sheaves 45, passing downwardly through the column l9, around one of the guide sheaves 46, thence over a pulley 41' to a second brakecontrolled cable drum 5|, so that when the effective length of the cable 49 is shortened, by winding its inner end about the drum 5|, the drag scoop will be drawn rearwardly and longitudinallyof the boom rails 25.

The cable drums 48 and SI are adapted to be selectively operated, so that when one drum is being driven by the engine 15 to wind one of the cables thereabout, the other drum is free to rotate on its shaft to permit of the withdrawal of its associated cable therefrom. Thus, to actuate the drums, the engine transmission I6 is provided with a power take-oil shaft/52 on which is mounted a sprocket 53. An endless chain 53a passes over this sprocket and is also trained over a second sprocket 54 mounted on the shaft 55 of a third cable drum 56 (see Fig. 5), the purpose of which will be hereinafter explained. The shaft 55 is provided with a second sprocket 51 around which is trained an endless chain 58, the latter being also trained over a sprocket 59 fixed to the shaft '60 on which the drums 48 and 5| are freely mounted for rotation. Slidably keyed on the these plates, the cable 40 extends forwardly, passing around a guide sheave 42 carried by the intermediately disposed cross bars 21 of the boom. After contacting the sheave 42, the cable 40 extends forwardly, passing around a guide sheave 43 carried by the extreme outer end of the boom structure. After being trained around the guide sheave 43, the cable 40 extends rearwardly and longitudinally of the boom structure, passing around a guide sheave 44 located at the rear of the boom structure adjacent to its positions of pivotal connection with the gear segment 22.

From the sheave 44, the cable 40 extends upwardly passing over one of the multiple sheaves mcuntedon the extreme upper end of the column l9. After passing around the sheave 45, the cable 40 is directed downwardly through the mast column I 3 and is trained around one of the multiple sheaves 46 carried by the frame l0 immediately below the lower end of the column IS.

vehicle, use is made of a companion cable 49.

The outer end of this cable is connected, as at 50 (Fig. 4) with the central portion of the rear door 34 and is extended to pass around one of the cable guide sheaves 44. The cable 49 then shaft 6|) are manually and independently operated control sleeves 6| carrying clutches 62 and 63, so that by shifting the sleeves 6| the clutches 62 and 63 may be selectively engaged to impart rotating power to the drums 48 and 5!, thereby regulating the advance or retraction of the scoop on the boom structure. Band brakes 63a are provided on each of the drums to arrest rotation thereof as desired.

By reference to Figs. 1 and 3, it will be noted that the outer ends of the boom rails 25 are upwardly inclined as at 64, so that as the scoop is drawn into engagement with this upwardly inclined portion of the rails, the forward digging edge 32 of the scoop is elevated from the ground and the material contained within the scoop is thrown toward the rear thereof, toward the door 34,-thus retaining the engaged materials within the confines of the scoop. After the scoop has been advanced to the forward ,end of the boom structure, the same may be raised to assume an elevated position of material-discharge, such as that depicted in Fig. 3 of the drawings, wherein the scoop is elevated to a position well above the ground and to one side or theother of the base vehicle, whereby to discharge the contents of the scoop, for example, into the body 65 of a dump truck or the like.

To effect such vertical movement of the boom structure and scoop, I employ a boom-raising and lowering cable 66. This cable is fastened at one end as at 61 to the outer ends of a pair of links 68 which are pivoted, as at 69, on the upper end of the column I9. From the links 68, the cable 66 extends forwardly, passing around a guide sheave I0 mounted on the extreme outer end of fthe boom structure, above the sheave 43. From 46 at the bottom of said column, being then extended to and wrapped around the body of the cable drum 55. This drum is loosely mounted on the shaft 55 but is adapted to be rotated by this shaft through the provision of the manually operated clutch H, the latter being slidably keyed to the shaft 55. Thus, when the drum 56 is power driven to wrap the cable 66 about the same, the shortening of the effective length-of said cable effects upward turning movement of the boom structure and the scoop carried thereby, so that the boom and scoop may assume the elevated positions, illustrated in Fig; 3.

After the boom and scoop have been so elevated, and if the machine operator finds it desirable to swing the boom and scoop horizontally to a position lateral of the machine, such an operation is accomplished by partially rotating the gear segment 22 and the column I9. Such a turning operation is effected by power derived from the engine l5.

As shown in Fig. 5, the drum shaft 60 has fixed thereto a sprocket 12 around which is trained an endless chain 13, the latter being also trained over a sprocket it carried by a cross shaft 15, the latter being journaled in bearings 16 mounted on the frame N), the shafts 55 and 60 being similarly journaled in corresponding bearings,

The cross shaft. l has fixed thereto a second sprocket ll, having passed thereabout a drive chain it which is also trained over a sprocket 79 formed with a clutch 80, the latter being freely rotatable on a cross shaft 8! to which the worm 23 is secured. A. manually operated throw sleeve 82 is splined to the shaft BI and may be operated to cause the rotation of the worm shaft M in unison with the clutch 80 thus revolving the worm 23 and the segment 22 in one direction. To

rotate said worm and segment in the opposite direction, the 'cross shaft l5 has fixed thereto a spur gear 33, which meshes with a corresponding gear as provided on a second clutch 85, also freely mounted for rotation on the worm shaft 8|.

A second slidable manually operated control sleeve 86 is splined to the worm shaft 8i so that by manually shifting the sleeve 86 toward the clutch t5, the latter will be engaged to impart rotary motion to the worm 23 and the segment 22 in a direction opposite to that imparted to the same by the clutch to. By this arrangement, the boom and scoop when in their elevated positions may be swung to one side or the other of the base vehicle through an arc of substantially 180".

With the scoop elevated, as in Fig. 3, a pull imparted to the cable til, while the cable M5 is held taut, will efiect the opening of the door 3 3 against the pressure exerted thereon by the springs 38, the door swinging about its fulcrum 35 on the scoop body in a downward and inward direction, thus allowing the-contents of the scoop to be discharged gravitationally with the scoop held in its elevated position.

In view of the foregoing, it will be seen that the present invention provides an improved loading machine for use in many industrial capacities where earth or other loose'bulk materials of various kinds are required to be removed from the ground, or other base surface, and elevated to a desired position of discharge and deposit.

A practical advantage which the machine possesses is found in constructing and mounting the boom so that in addition to lifting the associated scoop in a vertical direction, it may also be revolved about a substantially vertical axis to locate the scoop laterally of the machine. This feature provides for greater facility in operation by reducing maneuvering operations of the auto motive base vehicle. The power driven mechanism for turning the mast and boom structures is so constructed that it is locked against undue horizontal swinging movement by the use of worm digging of trenches or ditches, the operating positions of the scoop may be reversed from that illustrated in the drawings, so that the scoop will dig as it is drawn inwardly toward the pivoted end of the boom. Also, the digging forward edge of the scoop may be either plain or toothed, as desired.

Various other changes may, be made in the specific construction of my improved loading machine here disclosed as an exemplary embodiment, without departing, necessarily from the scope of the invention as the same has been defined in the following claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. In a loading machine, a base vehicle, a boom turnably mounted on ,said vehicle for. pivotal raising and lowering movement in vertical planes and swinging movement in horizontal planes, a scoop suspended from said boom and movable longitudinally thereof, said scoop being openable at the rear end thereof to provide for discharge of its contents, a door hinged to said scoop and normally closing its open rear end, bolts pivoted to the sides of said scoop, turnable bearing elements carried by the side edges of said door for the slidable reception of said bolts, coil springs confined between the outer ends of said bolts and said turnable bearing elements, said springs normally serving to maintain said door in its position of scoop closure, and cable means connected with the scoop and its door for moving said scoop longitudinally of said boom and for effecting opening movement of said door against the resistance of said spring means when the scoop is retained in a stationary position on said boom.

2. In a loading machine, a base vehicle, a boomturnably mounted on said vehicle for pivotal raising and lowering movement in vertical planes and swinging movement in horizontal planes, a scoop suspended from said booznand movable longitudinally thereof, said scoop being openable at the rear end thereof to provide for discharge of its contents, a door hinged to said scoop and normally closing its open rear and, bolts pivoted to the sides of said scoop, turnable bearing elements carried by the side edges of said door for the slidable reception of said bolts, coil springs confined between the outer ends of said bolts and said turnable bearing elements, said springs normally serving to maintain said door in its position of scoop closure, 2. forwardly directed cable connected with said scoop to move the same outwardly along said boom, and a second cable connected with said door and operative to sheet return movement of said scoop along said boom.

3. In a loading machine, a base vehicle, a boom turnably mounted on said vehicle for pivotal normally closing its open rear end, bolts'pivoted to the sides of said scoop, turnable bearing elements carried by the side edges of said door for the slidable reception of said bolts, coil springs 1 confined between the outer ends or said bolts and said turnable bearing elements, said springs normally serving to maintain said door in its position of scoop closure, a forwardly directed cable connected with said scoop to move the same outwardly along said boom, a second cable connected with said door and operative to efl'ect return movement of said scoop along said boom, brakecontrolled, power actuated drums mounted on said vehicle with which said cables are connected,

and means for effecting selected rotation of said drums.

WILLIAM G. VAN VOOBHIS.

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