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US2374546A - Manufacture of electron discharge devices - Google Patents

Manufacture of electron discharge devices Download PDF

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Publication number
US2374546A
US2374546A US375110A US37511041A US2374546A US 2374546 A US2374546 A US 2374546A US 375110 A US375110 A US 375110A US 37511041 A US37511041 A US 37511041A US 2374546 A US2374546 A US 2374546A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
electrodes
electrode
portions
relation
guide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US375110A
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English (en)
Inventor
Joseph P Laico
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AT&T Corp
Original Assignee
Bell Telephone Laboratories Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE469085D priority Critical patent/BE469085A/xx
Application filed by Bell Telephone Laboratories Inc filed Critical Bell Telephone Laboratories Inc
Priority to US375110A priority patent/US2374546A/en
Priority to GB4166/42A priority patent/GB566651A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2374546A publication Critical patent/US2374546A/en
Priority to CH261754D priority patent/CH261754A/fr
Priority to FR939367D priority patent/FR939367A/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/46—Arrangements of electrodes and associated parts for generating or controlling the ray or beam, e.g. electron-optical arrangement
    • H01J29/82—Mounting, supporting, spacing, or insulating electron-optical or ion-optical arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/02—Tubes with electron stream modulated in velocity or density in a modulator zone and thereafter giving up energy in an inducing zone, the zones being associated with one or more resonators
    • H01J25/10—Klystrons, i.e. tubes having two or more resonators, without reflection of the electron stream, and in which the stream is modulated mainly by velocity in the zone of the input resonator
    • H01J25/12—Klystrons, i.e. tubes having two or more resonators, without reflection of the electron stream, and in which the stream is modulated mainly by velocity in the zone of the input resonator with pencil-like electron stream in the axis of the resonators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J5/00—Details relating to vessels or to leading-in conductors common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J5/20—Seals between parts of vessels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J5/00—Details relating to vessels or to leading-in conductors common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J5/20—Seals between parts of vessels
    • H01J5/22—Vacuum-tight joints between parts of vessel
    • H01J5/24—Vacuum-tight joints between parts of vessel between insulating parts of vessel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2893/00—Discharge tubes and lamps
    • H01J2893/0033—Vacuum connection techniques applicable to discharge tubes and lamps
    • H01J2893/0037—Solid sealing members other than lamp bases
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2893/00—Discharge tubes and lamps
    • H01J2893/0033—Vacuum connection techniques applicable to discharge tubes and lamps
    • H01J2893/0037—Solid sealing members other than lamp bases
    • H01J2893/0038—Direct connection between two insulating elements, in particular via glass material
    • H01J2893/0039—Glass-to-glass connection, e.g. by soldering

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the manufacture of .electron discharge devices, and more particularly i tomethods of manufacturing electron. beam dis- .;charge devices such,-for.exan1ple, as beam devices of the velocity, variation type.
  • Electrode discharge, devices of the type to which .this invention pertains usually ,comprise two or more electrodes in energy transferrin -relationlwithrthe electron beam.
  • Theattainment, of desiredoperatingcharacteristics, efii- ;cient operation, and operation at. ultra-high. frenquencies requires thattheseelectrodes bemount- .edin exact predeterminedrelation. and extreme- .ly close to one: another.- ,lFor example, in some velocity variation devices, the requisite spacing :bGtWBB'I'LBIBCtIOdGS defining the input and.
  • Electrodesx maybe mounted in spaced relationbyinsulating members, for example ofvitreouswmaterial, to-or in --which they aresealed.
  • ingot-the seals-thereto has notbeen accurately controllable to: enable the realization within vextremely close limits of the ultimately desired space relationof the electrodes.
  • One. object of this invention is to facilitate the manufacture of electron discharge devices .in-
  • one object of i this invention is.-.,to facilitate the'mounting of a plurality of electrodesin an electron discharge device in exactralig-nment and -in accurate and extremely close space relation.
  • the several electrodes are provided with annular :mounting or supporting portions and tubular vitreous .members are hermetically sealedin coaxial relation to opposite faces of the mounting portions.
  • the electrodes to,-be -mou-nted .in..-adjacent relation are then fitted upon a tool-or guidewith thetubularvitreous members ,of the two in abutting relation, the tool locating the twoelectrodes in ,exact coax iallyarid allowing relative longitudinal movemembers are then heated to seal them together,
  • the tool is so constructedthat the electrodes arelocated accurate- "lyin'th'e exact space relation desired, when the vitreous material cools andithe seal is formed.
  • FIG. 1 is a view in elevationofanelectronbeam discharge device of the .velocity variation type constructed accordance with this invention, a portion of the device being shown in section to. illustrate'the'form andrelation of certain of the electrodes nore clearly;
  • Fig. 4' is, another ,detail view mainly insection illustrating the mounting of another. of theelectrodes during the sealing of. the insulatingmembers thereto;
  • Fig, .5 is still another detail view in-section il lustrating the mannen otpositioning several of the electrode and insulator assemblies during the Ijoining thereof;
  • Figs. 6 and, 7.. are, fragmentary views. in, section illustrating other electrode assemblies constructed inaccordance with this, invention.
  • l i Fig. 8 is a viewhin section illustrating-another way of positioning electrode and insulatorunits duringthe joining thereof.
  • the electron beam discharge device comprises an evacuated enclosing vessel having an, elongated cylindrical portion lll, an .anode or target electrode .ll
  • Target electrode H Mounted between thelelectron gun, l2 and the shock: or ,target electrode H are.a plurality .of
  • the abutting vitreous 56 which. inC udQSanafi m y a- -l c ppe tral frusto-conical portions 20, and the electrode l includes a central, annular inwardly curved portion 2!.
  • the electrodes l3 and. M are spaced to define an input or control gap 22 and the electrodes l6 and I! are spaced to define an out-.
  • the operating characteristics of thedevice are I dependent in a large measure upon thesegaps'
  • efli cient operation and electrical "positioning or guide member or tool for example symmetry of the electrodes with respect to the beam whereby uniform transfer of energy between I the electrode and the beam may be realized re- ,quire that the electrodes bein exact coaxial relation.
  • gaps of extremely short length and great accuracy for example with tolerances-of the order of five ten thousandths of an inch, are required. Both the requisite exact coaxiality .and
  • each of the electrodes l3 to H, inclusive has hermetically sealed to opposite 'faces thereof lengths ofcylindrical, e. g., vitreous, tubing 24a and 2411 which are coaxial with one another and the electrode to which they are sealed.
  • the sealing between the annular porin Fig. 2., in manufacturing de; vices in. accordance with this invention, the annutions I 8 and the vitreous tubing s and 241) may be effected as illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4.
  • the electrode is fitted on ya metallic o-r insulating guide 25 which is mounted 'slidably on a rod 26 coaxial therewith and which may be supported between chucks, not shown.
  • the electrode maybe clamped to the guide 25by a collar 21having an inner frustoconical wall conforming to the frusto-co-nical member 211 and which is detachably locked to the guide 25 by a hairpin shaped wire 28 having outwardly bent ends as shown.
  • the vitreous tubings 24a and 2417 are positioned by the chucks, in coaxial relation with the rod 26 so that when the tubing, is hermetically sealed to the annular portion 18 by the application of. heat thereto in known ways, the coaxiality of the electrode and 28 is withdrawn and the guide 2 5 and collar 21 are removed as is also the guide 26; p
  • the seals between the electrode 15 and the lengths of tubings 24a andZl'b associated therewith may be made in thesame manner, as shown 29 and'detachably locked thereto by one or more spring wires Mlhaving-bent-over ends as shown.
  • the electrodes Hi and IT together with the associated insulating tubes ma 'be'mounted upon the insulating member or tool with the tube 241) of the former inend-to-end relation with the tube 24a of the latter.
  • the electrode I6 is positioned so that the frusto-conical portion 20 thereof is firmly fitted upon the port on 33 of the tool andthe electrode I1 is moved toward the between the abutting tubings 24a and Nb forms.
  • the two'assemblies are mounted in coaxial relation," and the tubing 24a associated with the elec trode I4 is joined to the tubing 2% associated with the electrode iii.
  • the two assemblies may bei located, longitudinally 'gduring .the making of .the: final seahby an 'externalyspaocrz :engagingthe x annularportionsl I 8 of the aelectrodes r I4 and; I5.
  • the endmost electrodes of the assembly include central frusto-conical portions 31, the
  • central electrode includes an annular central portion 38 and the intermediate electrodes include centrally apertured dished portions 39.
  • several of the electrodes may be provided with an annular corrugation 40 to allow expansion and contraction thereof during the fabrication and operation of ithe device and thereby to prevent the setting up of deleterious stresses at the seals between the annular disc portions l8 of the electrodes and the tubular portion III of the enclosing vessel and also to minimize variations in the space relation of the electrodes.
  • the central electrode is an annular disc 4
  • the electrodes are of such configuration that the longitudinal spacing thereof cannot be fixed by a guide or tool of the general construction shown in Fig. 5
  • apparatus of the construction shown in Fig. 8 may be employed during the joining of two electrode-insulator units to one another.
  • the electrodes comprise central frustoconical portions- 42 in end-to-end relation and annular portions I8 sealed to vitreous tubings 24a and 24b in. the manner described heretofore.
  • the two electrodes, together with the insulating tubing associated therewith, are mounted in coaxial relation by a cylindrical guide 43 having openings in its wall through which spacers 44 extend, the spacers being dimensioned accurate- 'ly so that when the electrode portions 42 abut thereagainst, these portions will be in exactly the space relation desired in the discharge device.
  • the spacers 44 are carried by resilient sulpporlts 45 fitting in internal grooves in the guide 43.
  • the guide 43 is slidably fitted upon a rod 46 which is insertable between the supports 45 and when thus inserted separates the spacers 44 so that they project from the guide 43.
  • l welectron discharge 1 devices including a tubular 1 insulating member 1 and a: plurality "ofaelectrodes wwithin.said; member and having conductive .portions uhermetically sealed to-said. member the method which com- ,prises, sealing a. tubular, lengths ,of; insulating rma- .terial to. opposite? faces-ofi each iofrsaid conductive portions, mountingseveral, of; the assembliesathus formed in alignment, axially movable with respect to one another and with tubular lengths of successive of the assembliesin abutting relation, and
  • a unitary assembly for electron discharge devices including a tubular insulating member and a plurality of electrodes Within said tubular member and having conductive portions sealed thereto, which method comprises sealing coaxial tubular lengths of insulating material to opposite faces of each of said conductive portions and in coaxial relation therewith, mounting several of the assemblies thus formed in coaxial relation, longitudinally movable with respect to one another and with the tubular lengths of successive assemblies in abutting relation, locating said assemblies so that the electrodes included therein are in fixed, coaxial space relation, and hermetically sealing the abutting tubular lengths to one another.
  • an electron discharge device including a tubular insulating member and a plurality of electrodes within said tubular member and having annular disc portions hermetically sealed to said member
  • the method of assembly which comprises sealing tubular lengths of insulating material in coaxial relation to opposite faces of each of said disc portions, mounting several of the assemblies thus formed in relative longitudinally movable relation upon a guide having portions for locating the assemblies in coaxial relation and for determining the spacing between the electrodes in said assemblies, with tubular lengths of successive assemblies in abutting relation, softening the ends of said abutting tubular lengths, shifting adjacent assemblies longitudinally to engage the electrodes thereof with said spacing determining portions, sealing abutting tubular lengths to one another, and withdrawing said guide.
  • an electron Hg discharge device including a tubular insulating portionand a pair of electrodes within said portion, each of said electrodes having a central portion and an outer annular disc portion hermetically sealed to said insulating portion, which method comprises sealing tubular lengths of insulating material in coaxial relation to opposite faces of each of said disc portions, mounting the assemblies thus formed upon a guide having coaxial portions adapted to fit said central portions of said electrodes and having thereon locating means for positioning the electrodes in predetermined relation, said assemblies being mounted on said guide so as to be relatively movable longitudinally and with one tubular length of one assembly in juxtaposed relation with one tubular length of the other assembly, heating the juxtaposed ends of said tubular lengths to render them plastic, sliding said assemblies longitudinally on said guide until the electrodes therein abut said locating means, hermetically sealing said juxtaposed ends to ether, and withdrawing said guide.
  • an electron discharge device including a tubular vitreous member and a pair of spaced electrodes within said member, each of said-electrodes having a central apertured portion and an annular supporting portion hermetically sealed to said vitreous 'member, the

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  • Printers Or Recording Devices Using Electromagnetic And Radiation Means (AREA)
  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
US375110A 1941-01-21 1941-01-21 Manufacture of electron discharge devices Expired - Lifetime US2374546A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE469085D BE469085A (xx) 1941-01-21
US375110A US2374546A (en) 1941-01-21 1941-01-21 Manufacture of electron discharge devices
GB4166/42A GB566651A (en) 1941-01-21 1942-03-28 Manufacture of electron discharge devices
CH261754D CH261754A (fr) 1941-01-21 1946-10-07 Procédé pour la fabrication d'un tube électronique.
FR939367D FR939367A (fr) 1941-01-21 1946-10-08 Procédé de fabrication de dispositifs à décharge électronique

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US375110A US2374546A (en) 1941-01-21 1941-01-21 Manufacture of electron discharge devices

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2374546A true US2374546A (en) 1945-04-24

Family

ID=23479532

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US375110A Expired - Lifetime US2374546A (en) 1941-01-21 1941-01-21 Manufacture of electron discharge devices

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US2374546A (xx)
BE (1) BE469085A (xx)
CH (1) CH261754A (xx)
FR (1) FR939367A (xx)
GB (1) GB566651A (xx)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2488302A (en) * 1943-10-06 1949-11-15 Machlett Lab Inc Apparatus for making metal-glass structures
US2494870A (en) * 1944-02-17 1950-01-17 Gen Electric Apparatus for sealing glass and metal members
US2513207A (en) * 1946-06-27 1950-06-27 Us Navy Method of making microwave tubes
US2553749A (en) * 1948-05-05 1951-05-22 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Sealing fixture for the manufacture of electron discharge devices
US2699847A (en) * 1947-09-01 1955-01-18 Gen Electric Quartz-to-metal seal
US2706232A (en) * 1951-12-05 1955-04-12 Rca Corp Combination jig and welding apparatus
US3174296A (en) * 1964-02-14 1965-03-23 Worthington Corp Refrigeration purge system
US3500520A (en) * 1968-01-02 1970-03-17 Hughes Aircraft Co Method of obtaining aperture alignment in an electron gun construction
WO1982003950A1 (en) * 1981-05-04 1982-11-11 Inc Coherent Improved gas laser
US4376328A (en) * 1981-05-04 1983-03-15 Coherent, Inc. Method of constructing a gaseous laser

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2488302A (en) * 1943-10-06 1949-11-15 Machlett Lab Inc Apparatus for making metal-glass structures
US2494870A (en) * 1944-02-17 1950-01-17 Gen Electric Apparatus for sealing glass and metal members
US2513207A (en) * 1946-06-27 1950-06-27 Us Navy Method of making microwave tubes
US2699847A (en) * 1947-09-01 1955-01-18 Gen Electric Quartz-to-metal seal
US2553749A (en) * 1948-05-05 1951-05-22 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Sealing fixture for the manufacture of electron discharge devices
US2706232A (en) * 1951-12-05 1955-04-12 Rca Corp Combination jig and welding apparatus
US3174296A (en) * 1964-02-14 1965-03-23 Worthington Corp Refrigeration purge system
US3500520A (en) * 1968-01-02 1970-03-17 Hughes Aircraft Co Method of obtaining aperture alignment in an electron gun construction
WO1982003950A1 (en) * 1981-05-04 1982-11-11 Inc Coherent Improved gas laser
US4376328A (en) * 1981-05-04 1983-03-15 Coherent, Inc. Method of constructing a gaseous laser
JPS58500682A (ja) * 1981-05-04 1983-04-28 コヒ−レント・インコ−ポレ−テッド レーザ

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE469085A (xx)
CH261754A (fr) 1949-05-31
FR939367A (fr) 1948-11-12
GB566651A (en) 1945-01-09

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