US237081A - Smoke-consuming furnace - Google Patents

Description

UNITED STATES- fPA'rENT OFFICE..

crnus SMITH, or InwIN S STATION, PENNSYLVANIA.

`slsnoKE-ConsuMlNc; FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 237,081, dated January 25, 1881.

Application filed May 6, 1880.

To all whom it `may concern: i

Be it known that L'CYRUS SMITH, of Irwins Station, in the county of Westmoreland and `State of Pennsylvania, have `invente'd-a new and useful Improvement in Smoke-Consuming Furnaces for Boilers, of which the following is a specification.

The object of this invention is to provide a furnace and auxiliary apparatus' forboilers, whereby .the unconsumed products of .combustion evolved from the iire shall be arrested and returned to the iire for complete combus- I. tion, so as to utilizeiall the fuel and theA heat it is capable of producing. l

The invention is an .improvementon the improvement in smoke-consuming furnaces for which Letters Patent were issued to me February 4, 1879 5 and it consists of a boilerfurnace of novelconstruction, and, in combination therewith of'a peculiarly-constructed exhaust-fan,gas and airy mixing. chamber, devices for facilitatingthe removalof ashes, and other improved devices, all of which are hereinafter fully described.

Figure 1 is a frontelevation of the device. Fig.2 is a sectional side elevation of the same on line fr, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is-a sectional elevation'on line y y, Fig, 2. Fig. 4 is a crosssection on line z z, Fig. 2.

Similar letters Vof reference indicate corresponding parts. f I

ln the drawings, A represents the boiler, 3 the fire-placaand C the iiue beneath the boiler, connecting, through the boiler-hues, with the smoke-stack AVD.

E represents the ash-pit, provided with two doors,EE,thatareprovidedwithinward-sloping anges ma, that are vseparate or disunited from each other at thecorners of the doors, sof

that'when the saiddoors are forced in or closed the elasticity of said Iianges will hold thedoors smoke and dust tight. The ashpit E is divided into two chambers by the partition F, thatextends from the front rearward` to the bridge-wall, and the lower sec- .tion,ib, of saidfpartition F is immovable, and

acts as a stopfor theupper section, c, which isl adjusted by the rod G. The right-hand chamber, E", of the ash-pit E communicates with atransverse covered passage-way in rear of the bridge-wall H byv means of an opening, d, through saidbridge-wall H',

I is a rectangular boxor chamber built up (MOdeI.)

vthe chamber I from front to rear thereof, are

fixed at right angles to each other two cut- `oii's or dampers, K', by means of which the forced blast into the two separate chambers of the ash-pit Eis controlled, the passage into one of said chambers being closed while the other is opened.

Above the boiler A is fixed the fan-blower L, within whose cylindrical shell or casing the fan L' revolves on the fan-shaft L". This shaft Ll has its bearings outside of the fanshell, on the pillow-blocks ff, as shown, and extends far enough within said shell to carry on its ends the sleeve M, being connected therewith by spiders g g. This sleeve M is of the same diameter as the rear central spring, h, of the fan-shell, and to its front end is attached, by means of lugs Il i, a circular plate, M,which covers said end of the sleeve M, so 'as to leave but several narrow slits or spaces, 7c la, between the end of the said sleeve M and plate or cover M', these openings k la being designed for the admission of cold air Ainto the fan-case through the said sleeve M, for the purpose of keeping the shaft L and its bearings cool, or from becoming heated from th'fanfcase, which latter gets quite hot when the device is in operation.

The wings l l ofthe fan are two or more in number, andl extend radially from the sleeve IM. The peripheral faces or edges of the said wings l l are of the same depth as the sleeve M, and the front edges of said wings are cut away from about their central points in a curve to their inner ends, Where they are attached-to the sleeve M, in order to permit a free admission of air into the fan-case. These wings l l are strengthened and supported in the direction of their revolution by the braces m m, that extend'from the face of one wing l'to the back of another throughout the whole IOO and said braces m m being secured to said wings Z land sleeve M, so as to slope or incline upward and rearward to the same plane as the rear end of the sleeve M, thereby giving to the said fan a shape or outline best adapted to the work for which it is designed.

N is a box or trunk connecting the fanblower L with the smoke-stack D, said box N being provided with openings o o, that are controlled by slides p p, for the admission of fresh and cold air to mingle with the hot air and gases from the smoke-stack D.

O is a door swinging on the rod for closing the opening D in smoke-stack D, through which opening D' the unconsumed gases and smoke from the boiler-fires are drawn by the fan-blower L.

jp is adamperin the smoke-stack D,for regu- Iating the draft therein.

In operating the device a fire is built in the fire-place, the damper p opened, and door O closed until steam enough is raised to run the fan and other auxiliary machinery. Then the fan L is put in motion, the damper D and the doors of the ash-pit are closed, and the smoke-stack door 0 is partially or fully opened, and the unconsuined gases, smoke, and hot air from the {ire-place and smokestack are drawn through the box I, where they mix with a proper supply of fresh air entering through the openings o o and through the sleeve M into the fan-blower L, and thence forced out through the outlet S and the box or chamber I into the ash-pit E and up through the re on the grate, to secure the complete combustion of the fuel.

On steam ships and boats and many stationary boilers that are run day and night means must be provided to remove the ashes from the ash-pit while the device is in operation. To accomplish this the partition F in the ashpit E is turned up vertically to cut ott' connection between the two chambers E'" E". The damper or cut-off K in the chamber I is then turned to prevent the smoke, gases, Sac., from the fan from entering the ash-pit chamber E', while it permits their passage through the passage-way H and into the chamber E" at d. The left-hand door, E', is then opened and the ashes removed from the chamber E, the blast in the chamber E suiicing to keep up steam in the boiler during the removal of the ashes. The left-hand door, E', is then closed, the damper or cut-ofil K turned so as to open the passage to the chamber E and cut o the passage to chamber E", whence the ashes are then removed. The partition F is again turned horizontally, and the smoke, gases, and air necessary to support combustion are supplied by the fan equally throughout the ash-pit.

The fan L may be located at any convenient point on or about a boiler, whether the boiler be of the stationary, marine, or locomotive type.

It will be observed that in the combustion of fuel carbonic-acid gas is generated, which,

if returned to the fire, would put it out. One of the elements which destroys this gas is fresh air, a sufficient amountof which changes this poisonous gas into a harmless one, which will support combustion, and, instead of cold air being supplied to the fires to retard the combustion of the fuel or to burn out the grate-bars, all the fresh air supplied becomes highly heated before it enters the ash-pit by mixture with the hot air, carbonic acid, and other products of combustion from the smokestack; and it is found, by thus utilizing the waste heat from the stack,the smoke, and the carbonio acid, that a great economy of fuel is assured over the ordinary wasteful methods of applying fuel to boilers.

For the purpose of keeping the boiler-room cool where this device is applied, I secure a cylinder, R, provided with openings in front of the boiler, as shown in the drawings, and force cold air therein through the attached pipe It by means of an auxiliary fan, so that the air issuing through the openings s s may keep the fronts of the boilers and a spaceabout them cool.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Pat` ent- 1. The combination, with a boiler fire-place, of the ash-pit E, provided with adjustable dividing-partition F, covered passage H, and bridge-wall H', provided with opening d, substantially as herein shown and described.

2. The combination, with the ash-pit E, of the connecting box or chamber-1, provided with cut-off K, substantially as herein shown and described, whereby the blast into the ashpit is regulated. as set forth.

3. The combination, with the boiler A, of the smoke-stack D, provided with door O and damper p, fanblower L, box N, provided with air-openin gs o o, connecting box or chamber I, and chambered ash-pit E, substantially as herein shown and described.

4. The combination, with the fan-blower L, of the air and gas mixing box N, provided with air-openings o o, substantially as herein shown and described.

5. The combination, with the boiler A, of the fan-blower L, constructed substantially as herein shown and described', consisting of a cylindrical shell, shaft L", fan L, composed of sleeve M, spiders g g, circular end plate, M', lugs t' i, wings b b, and braces m m, as set forth.

6. In a boiler fan-blower designed for returning smoke and nncondensed gases from the smoke-stack to the boiler, the combination, with the shaft L, provided with outside bearings, f f, of the sleeve M and end plate, M', having spaces k la between them, and inclined wing-braces m m, substantially as herein shown and described.

CYRUS SMITH. Witnesses:

W. P. DEWALT, U. C. DEWALT.

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